施氮量对二系杂交小麦品质的影响

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.01.025

Abstract

Abstract:

To study the effects of different nitrogen application levels on the quality of hybrid wheat, four wheat hybrid combinations, one conventional variety, and four nitrogen fertilizer levels were selected for field experiments at the Shunyi Wheat Base of the Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences. The results showed that there were significant differences in various quality traits among combinations (varieties); The level of nitrogen fertilizer had effects on grain bulk density, protein content, gluten index, hardness, wet gluten content, formation time, and stability time. Among them, the effects on bulk density, gluten index, and protein content reached a significant or extremely significant level, but the degree of influence of nitrogen fertilizer level on various traits among combinations (varieties) was not the same; The yield and water absorption rate were little affected by the nitrogen application levels. By reducing nitrogen application, the protein content, wet gluten content, and stable time of the conventional variety Jingdong 17 significantly decreased, while the gluten index significantly increased; The protein content, wet gluten content, and stability time of BH3768 showed a decreasing trend; The bulk density of Jingmai 21, BH3606, and BH9613 significantly increased; The gluten index of Jingmai 21 significantly increased, the formation time significantly decreased, and there was no significant difference between the protein content and wet gluten content; The grain hardness, protein content, and wet gluten content of BH3606 seeds showed a decreasing trend; There was no significant difference in protein content, wet gluten content, and gluten index of BH9613 under different treatments, but the formation time and stability time showed a significant upward trend. Nitrogen application levels had no effect on protein or wet gluten contents of Jingmai 21 and BH9613. In addition to being distinct from other combinations (varieties), the dough formation and stability time of BH9613 demonstrated an increasing trend with the reduction of nitrogen application.

Key words: Nitrogen application rate, Two-line hybrid wheat, Grinding quality, Protein content, Dough quality

Hao Xiaocong, Li Xinyu, Hou Qiling, Yang Jifang, An Chunhui, Wang Changhua, Ye Zhijie, Zhang Fengting. Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on the Quality of Two-Line Hybrid Wheat[J].Crops, 2024, 40(1): 187-192.

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组合（品种） Combination (variety)	氮肥水平 Nitrogen level	籽粒硬度 Grain hardness (%)	容重 Unit weight (g/L)	出粉率 Flour yield (%)
京冬17 Jingdong 17	N0	43.30±1.31a	794.00±11.36a	68.96±0.43a
京冬17 Jingdong 17	N120	38.82±3.10a	783.33±14.15a	68.17±1.11a
	N180	38.52±3.88a	793.67±6.66a	69.00±0.30a
	N240	37.77±8.04a	780.00±7.81a	67.79±0.98a
平均Mean		39.60±4.66	787.75±11.00	68.48±0.86
京麦21 Jingmai 21	N0	71.88±3.55b	815.33±7.64a	66.23±1.33a
京麦21 Jingmai 21	N120	72.85±0.44ab	801.33±4.04bc	66.19±0.90a
	N180	76.07±3.74ab	812.00±4.00ab	66.39±1.06a
	N240	77.38±0.78a	794.67±8.62c	66.38±0.41a
平均Mean		74.55±3.24	805.83±10.22	66.30±0.84
BH3606	N0	47.72±3.58b	797.00±3.46a	64.99±2.55a
	N120	51.37±1.83ab	781.67±7.57ab	62.11±3.72a
	N180	51.27±3.78ab	765.67±20.40b	60.61±2.15a
	N240	54.58±2.72a	767.67±4.73b	60.83±1.00a
平均Mean		51.23±3.65	778.00±16.28	62.14±2.84
BH3768	N0	74.92±1.85a	808.33±7.57a	65.12±1.61a
	N120	73.23±0.77a	796.00±15.72a	65.09±1.10a
	N180	76.33±1.22a	796.33±20.53a	66.34±1.57a
	N240	74.10±2.78a	802.33±11.85a	65.47±0.79a
平均Mean		74.65±1.96	800.75±13.61	65.50±1.24
BH9613	N0	62.38±3.07a	814.67±7.57a	64.43±1.50a
	N120	62.18±3.30a	817.00±4.36a	66.92±1.78a
	N180	58.62±1.14a	812.67±5.51a	66.79±1.47a
	N240	60.48±3.42a	802.00±4.58b	66.07±0.82a
平均Mean		60.92±2.93	811.58±7.69	66.06±1.61
F值 F-value	组合（品种）	272.07^***	21.45^***	26.52^***
F值 F-value	氮肥水平	0.36	6.63^**	0.50
	组合（品种）× 氮肥水平	1.81	1.42	1.80

组合（品种） Combination (variety)	氮肥水平 Nitrogen level	蛋白质含量 Protein content	湿面筋含量 Wet gluten content	面筋指数 Gluten index
京冬17 Jingdong 17	N0	13.17±0.28b	31.47±1.33ab	81.40±1.14b
京冬17 Jingdong 17	N120	13.69±0.20a	31.05±0.73b	85.23±0.57a
	N180	13.60±0.11a	32.35±1.10ab	75.64±0.94c
	N240	13.98±0.27a	33.27±0.21a	74.81±3.74c
平均Mean		13.61±0.36	32.04±1.20	79.27±4.79
京麦21 Jingmai 21	N0	13.46±0.54a	30.00±1.52a	80.72±4.10a
京麦21 Jingmai 21	N120	13.60±0.78a	27.27±1.82a	81.49±4.78a
	N180	13.51±0.48a	28.54±1.35a	78.10±6.94a
	N240	13.75±0.62a	29.22±3.24a	69.02±1.74b
平均Mean		13.58±0.54	28.76±2.09	77.33±6.59
BH3606	N0	12.97±0.07b	28.25±1.12b	76.61±1.15a
	N120	13.62±0.20a	30.85±1.29a	70.52±4.14b
	N180	13.86±0.24a	31.07±0.40a	78.05±3.47a
	N240	13.70±0.37a	30.74±1.46a	74.81±1.60ab
平均Mean		13.54±0.41	30.23±1.55	75.00±3.84
BH3768	N0	13.85±0.24b	31.50±1.27b	77.99±0.92a
	N120	14.68±0.14a	34.57±1.50a	79.04±4.18a
	N180	14.70±0.27a	32.21±1.86ab	71.34±4.29a
	N240	14.90±0.38a	34.18±0.59ab	76.73±7.23a
平均Mean		14.54±0.48	33.12±1.79	76.28±5.08
BH9613	N0	15.65±0.26a	34.75±2.45a	81.97±6.70a
	N120	15.92±0.42a	35.35±0.71a	84.45±5.68a
	N180	15.59±0.28a	35.03±0.09a	87.52±2.91a
	N240	15.62±0.18a	35.57±0.98a	83.74±2.89a
平均Mean		15.70±0.29	35.17±1.21	84.42±4.63
F值	组合（品种）	81.13^***	35.69^***	10.06^***
F-value	氮肥水平	7.50^***	2.37	3.57^*
	组合（品种）× 氮肥水平	1.15	1.72	3.05^**

组合（品种） Combination (variety)	氮肥水平 Nitrogen level	形成时间 Development time (min)	稳定时间 Stability time (min)	吸水率 Water absorption (%)
京冬17 Jingdong 17	N0	3.43±0.06a	4.00±0.20b	61.10±0.43a
京冬17 Jingdong 17	N120	3.43±0.12a	3.93±0.40b	61.03±0.94a
	N180	3.27±0.31a	4.00±0.00b	60.27±0.83a
	N240	3.50±0.30a	4.50±0.00a	60.80±0.81a
平均Mean		3.41±0.21	4.11±0.31	60.80±0.75
京麦21 Jingmai 21	N0	2.33±0.06b	2.80±0.30a	63.47±0.71a
京麦21 Jingmai 21	N120	2.30±0.17b	3.10±0.17a	62.71±1.21a
	N180	2.63±0.12a	3.13±0.60a	62.67±0.52a
	N240	2.57±0.12a	3.40±0.17a	63.32±0.36a
平均Mean		2.46±0.18	3.11±0.38	63.04±0.75
BH3606	N0	2.90±0.35a	3.80±0.50a	60.03±0.55a
	N120	3.17±0.35a	4.00±0.35a	60.20±0.80a
	N180	3.13±0.31a	4.30±0.27a	60.00±0.27a
	N240	3.13±0.12a	4.07±0.23a	59.97±0.59a
平均Mean		3.08±0.28	4.04±0.35	60.05±0.51
BH3768	N0	3.23±0.25a	3.80±0.50b	63.77±0.12a
	N120	3.20±0.17a	4.67±0.15a	64.07±1.60a
	N180	3.10±0.17a	4.33±0.47ab	63.17±0.15a
	N240	3.17±0.15a	4.03±0.38ab	62.90±0.69a
平均Mean		3.18±0.17	4.21±0.48	63.48±0.89
BH9613	N0	3.20±0.10a	4.47±0.25a	60.63±0.15a
	N120	3.27±0.25a	4.37±0.06a	60.33±0.34a
	N180	2.57±0.23b	3.67±0.15b	60.33±0.34a
	N240	2.73±0.25b	3.93±0.49ab	60.22±0.19a
平均Mean		2.94±0.36	4.11±0.42	60.38±0.28
F值	组合（品种）	31.70^***	22.74^***	64.05^***
F-value	氮肥水平	0.96	1.63	1.66
	组合（品种）× 氮肥水平	2.53^*	2.71^**	0.60

Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on the Quality of Two-Line Hybrid Wheat

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