Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 156-162.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.03.020

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Relationship between Meteorological Factors and DUS Test Measurement Traits of Sunflower

Liu Chunhui1(), Du Ruixia1, Wang Yongxing1, Yang Qinfang1, Shan Feibiao4, Xu Fuxun1, Zhao Yuxin2, Chen Shushu1, Liu Wei3()   

  1. 1Bayannur Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science, Bayannur 015000, Inner Mongolia, China
    2Wuliangsuhai Wetland Ecological and Meteorological Field Scientific Experiment Base of China Meteorological Administration, Bayannur 015000, Inner Mongolia, China
    3Inner Mongolia Bayannur City Meteorological Bureau Ecological and Agricultural Meteorological Center, Bayannur 015000, Inner Mongolia, China
    4Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Academy of Chinese and Mongolian Medicine, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia, China
  • Received:2023-04-17 Revised:2023-08-28 Online:2024-06-15 Published:2024-06-18

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Abstract:

To clarify the relationship between major meteorological factors and DUS testing traits of sunflower, a study was conducted from 2017 to 2022 in Bayannur, Inner Mongolia. Meteorological data and DUS testing traits of four sunflower varieties were investigated at the fixed location. The variance analysis method was used to study the annual changes of DUS testing traits of each variety, and then the correlation analysis was conducted to clarify the relationship between sunflower quantitative traits and meteorological factors. The stepwise regression and path analysis methods were used to screen out the major influencing meteorological factors. It was found that temperature and moisture were the most important meteorological factors affecting flowering period, leaf size, plant height, and head size, while light had only a certain impact on flowering period. The major meteorological factors affecting seed thickness and seed size were minimum temperature and average relative humidity.

Key words: Sunflower, DUS test, Meteorological factors, Path analysis

Fig.1

Partial meteorological data during the sunflower growth period AT: average temperature, MAT: maximum temperature, MIT: minimum temperature, PE: precipitation."

Table 1

Differences in sunflower quantitative traits in different years"

品种
Variety		 性状
Trait		 年份Year F值
F-value		 P值
P-value
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
NY1 Y1 33.30±3.25bcB 36.70±2.49aA 33.35±2.56bcB 34.05±2.09bB 32.20±0.77cB 33.35±1.72bcB 8.975 0.000 01
Y2 (d) 58.20±0.96abA 53.70±0.75cC 52.80±0.99cC 57.00±0.72bB 60.60±0.99aA 60.20±1.10aA 97.940 0.000 01
Y3 49.45±4.66bB 52.80±2.95aA 49.25±4.72bB 52.50±2.86aA 54.10±2.73aA 53.75±2.51aA 7.209 0.000 20
Y4 67.45±3.09bB 73.85±6.42aA 71.30±4.37abAB 69.30±5.54bAB 61.60±6.61cC 68.65±10.29bAB 8.221 0.000 10
Y5 (cm2) 1369.34±138.53bB 1127.62±194.93cC 1295.55±177.78cC 1506.01±146.83aA 1380.43±60.44bB 1435.51±135.82bB 42.960 0.000 10
Y6 (cm) 28.45±1.18aA 29.25±1.73aA 26.63±1.82bB 28.93±1.94aA 29.13±1.28aA 28.57±1.45aA 7.311 0.000 20
Y7 (m) 1.98±0.19cC 2.21±0.16aA 1.88±0.13dC 2.14±0.15bB 2.30±0.07aA 2.26±0.15aA 12.240 0.000 01
Y8 (cm2) 2.26±0.19bAB 2.13±0.16cBC 2.15±0.22bcBC 2.05±0.20cCD 2.41±0.17aA 1.91±0.15dD 33.126 0.000 10
Y9 0.42±0.03abAB 0.42±0.02aA 0.39±0.05bcAB 0.42±0.02aA 0.41±0.01abAB 0.38±0.01cB 3.400 0.006 70
Y10 (mm) 5.28±0.82aA 4.51±0.40bcBC 5.31±0.47aA 4.61±0.18bBC 4.74±0.29bB 4.25±0.53cC 15.098 0.000 10
NY2 Y1 28.40±2.82bB 30.80±1.91aAB 28.35±2.25bB 28.75±5.78bAB 30.95±1.47aA 30.15±1.46abAB 3.219 0.009 30
Y2 (d) 52.30±0.93bcBC 49.10±0.91dD 49.20±0.98dD 57.10±0.86bB 54.80±0.99bcB 58.20±1.02aA 127.260 0.000 01
Y3 54.70±3.03bB 58.55±3.24aA 55.20±3.49bB 56.30±3.13bAB 56.20±2.29bAB 56.25±4.25bAB 3.248 0.008 90
Y4 71.00±5.43abA 72.95±3.56aA 69.15±3.94bA 71.25±4.38abA 70.70±8.07abA 71.10±4.30abA 1.103 0.362 90
Y5 (cm2) 1121.63±151.07cD 1155.25±167.91cCD 1277.32±164.39bBC 1564.00±151.22aA 1292.84±170.56bB 1587.50±120.46aA 33.070 0.000 10
Y6 (cm) 26.07±1.27cC 26.18±1.37cBC 26.45±0.97bcBC 27.53±1.42aA 27.19±1.45abAB 27.12±1.19abABC 4.321 0.001 20
Y7 (m) 1.93±0.16bcBC 1.97±0.08bB 1.95±0.07bBC 1.86±0.09cC 1.95±0.07bBC 2.08±0.15aA 7.988 0.000 10
Y8 (cm2) 1.66±0.08cdB 1.62±0.15dB 1.81±0.29abA 1.84±0.15aA 1.75±0.10abcAB 1.72±0.08bcdAB 5.617 0.000 10
Y9 0.39±0.01abcAB 0.40±0.02abcAB 0.39±0.04cB 0.39±0.02bcAB 0.41±0.02aA 0.40±0.01abAB 2.417 0.040 10
Y10 (mm) 4.15±0.34cCD 3.85±0.18dD 4.79±0.44aA 4.33±0.47bcBC 4.55±0.39bAB 4.15±0.34cCD 16.192 0.000 01
NY3 Y1 33.70±2.30aA 34.70±2.52aA 34.15±1.39aA 33.50±2.46aA 34.40±2.72aA 34.00±1.86aA 0.771 0.572 40
Y2 (d) 56.30±1.17bB 53.25±1.02cC 52.90±0.91cC 61.80±0.83aA 61.20±2.95aA 61.10±0.85aA 153.350 0.000 10
Y3 50.20±3.50bcA 49.75±3.80cA 52.45±4.12abA 52.90±4.56aA 52.20±3.38abcA 50.60±4.39abcA 2.212 0.057 80
Y4 71.70±5.48aA 72.90±5.87aA 73.60±7.26aA 72.20±6.62aA 71.65±5.75aA 73.30±7.66aA 0.327 0.895 90
Y5 (cm2) 1300.60±139.33dC 1407.23±140.09cBC 1439.31±181.81cB 1560.74±97.99bA 1350.81±134.47cdBC 1666.94±146.94aA 18.453 0.000 10
Y6 (cm) 27.27±1.03bC 28.55±1.92aAB 26.55±0.97bC 29.15±2.43aA 27.47±1.45bBC 28.57±0.69aAB 8.155 0.000 10
Y7 (m) 2.06±0.18dC 2.22±0.14bcB 2.09±0.89dC 2.21±0.11cB 2.32±0.06aA 2.29±0.08abAB 17.180 0.000 10
Y8 (cm2) 2.19±0.15cBC 2.06±0.18dCD 2.34±0.29abAB 2.32±0.22bAB 2.46±0.13aA 1.98±0.15dD 17.860 0.000 10
Y9 0.40±0.01abA 0.40±0.02aA 0.38±0.03abA 0.39±0.03abA 0.40±0.01abA 0.38±0.08bA 1.567 0.175 10
Y10 (mm) 4.34±0.57abAB 4.14±0.30bBC 4.43±0.38aAB 4.15±0.24bBC 4.53±0.45aA 3.88±0.38cC 6.962 0.000 01
NY4 Y1 28.10±1.74aA 27.75±1.89abA 25.85±1.69cB 26.85±1.87bcAB 28.10±1.74aA 27.20±1.70abAB 4.814 0.000 50
Y2 (d) 50.20±1.01bcBC 46.10±1.11cC 46.30±0.90cC 54.20±0.90bB 54.90±2.91aA 59.60±0.86aA 108.120 0.000 01
Y3 54.25±3.60aA 56.05±3.24aA 55.70±4.09aA 52.90±12.35aA 53.85±4.59aA 54.10±2.63aA 0.766 0.576 20
Y4 69.25±5.49bA 71.85±5.66abA 71.05±7.39abA 68.91±6.23bA 71.55±3.15abA 72.90±4.27aA 1.577 0.172 20
Y5 (cm2) 1110.50±137.12cdC 1225.00±144.04cC 1089.97±151.26dC 1485.76±214.99aA 1350.76±127.27bB 1500.76±151.05aA 45.144 0.000 01
Y6 (cm) 26.07±1.56cC 27.39±1.61abAB 24.78±1.21dD 26.74±1.66bcABC 26.40±1.42cBC 27.77±1.07aA 10.843 0.000 10
Y7 (m) 1.62±0.10cC 1.78±0.12bAB 1.56±0.19dD 1.74±0.10bBC 1.72±0.13bBC 1.88±0.11aA 39.113 0.000 10
Y8 (cm2) 2.02±0.08aA 1.76±0.07cD 1.88±0.22bBC 2.06±0.25aA 2.01±0.08aAB 1.88±0.18bC 16.368 0.000 10
Y9 0.41±0.02bB 0.40±0.02bB 0.43±0.037aA 0.41±0.04bAB 0.41±0.03bAB 0.40±0.03bB 3.508 0.005 50
Y10 (mm) 4.12±0.47bcABC 3.95±0.36cdBC 4.34±0.29aA 4.14±0.35abcAB 4.22±0.29abAB 3.85±0.23dC 5.496 0.000 10

Table 2

Correlation coefficients between sunflower quantitative traits and meteorological factors in different years"

性状
Trait		 平均气温
Average
temperature		 积温
Accumulated
temperature		 气温
日较差
Diurnal
temperature
range		 最高气温
Maximum
temperature		 最低气温
Minimum
temperature		 降水量
Precipitation		 相对湿度
Relative
humidity		 平均日
照时数
Average
sunshine
duration		 累计日
照时数
Cumulative
sunshine
duration
主茎叶数
Number of blades		 0.118 0.158 0.053 0.171 0.213* -0.043 -0.122 0.181 0.181
开花期
Duration of flowering		 0.159 0.161 0.299** 0.277** 0.142 0.679** 0.842** -0.322** -0.322**
舌状花数
Number of ray florets		 -0.135 -0.136 -0.083 0.125 0.135 -0.148 -0.185 0.033 0.107
苞叶数Number of bracts 0.109 0.109 0.125 0.136 0.143 0.112 0.055 -0.111 -0.084
叶片大小Leaf size -0.126 -0.124 -0.102 -0.049 0.040 0.575** 0.526** -0.392** -0.392**
花盘大小Head size -0.215* -0.383** -0.148 -0.190* -0.028 0.456** 0.495** -0.081 -0.081
株高Plant height 0.032 0.033 -0.102 0.050 0.241** 0.509** 0.393** -0.222* -0.222*
籽粒大小Seed size -0.160 0.103 0.248** -0.080 -0.319** -0.204* -0.336** 0.028 0.028
籽粒宽/长
Width to length ratio
of seeds		 0.118 -0.013 0.028 0.119 0.082 -0.021 -0.042 0.211* 0.211*
籽粒厚度Seed thickness 0.064 0.172 0.173 0.069 -0.108 -0.281** -0.434** 0.137 0.137

Table 3

The results of stepwise regression of sunflower quantitative traits and meteorological factors"

性状Trait 方程Equation R2
开花期Duration of flowering Y=9.831 464x5-0.507 700x8+1.189 715x7+2.054 477x3-164.524 799 0.8613**
叶片大小Leaf size Y=5.738 234x6+1 234.595 676 0.3303**
花盘大小Head size Y=0.337 928x7+7.384 168 0.1880**
株高Plant height Y=0.003 381x6+0.112 299x4+0.242 858 0.2975**
籽粒大小Seed size Y=-0.028 659x7-0.104 485x4+5.485 088 0.2035**
籽粒厚度Seed thickness Y=-0.075 896x7+8.861 333 0.1883**

Table 4

Path analysis of sunflower quantitative traits and meteorological factors"

性状
Trait		 自变量
Independent
variable		 相关系数ri
Correlation
coefficient ri		 直接作用pi
Direct
action pi		 间接作用Indirect effect
x3 x4 x5 x6 x7 x8 总和
开花期
Duration of flowering
 x3 0.1712 0.3847 0.9568 -0.2935 -0.0899 0.5734
x5 0.4308 1.1697 0.3147 -0.2638 0.4801 0.5310
x7 0.3134 0.5710 -0.1977 -0.5404 0.4801 -0.2580
x8 -0.1075 -1.0483 0.3216 0.8808 -0.2615 0.9409
叶片大小Leaf size x6 0.5747 0.5747
花盘大小Head size x7 0.4336 0.4336
株高Plant height x4 0.2410 0.1979 0.0427 0.0427
x6 0.5090 0.4914 0.0172 0.0172
籽粒大小Seed size x4 -0.3186 -0.3012 -0.0174 -0.0174
x7 -0.3363 -0.3198 -0.0164 -0.0164
籽粒厚度Seed thickness x7 -0.4340 -0.4340
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