Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 165-171.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.03.022

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Effects of Prohexadione-Calcium and Phosphorus Application Rate on the Growth, Dry Matter Accumulation, and Yield of Winter Wheat

Li Jiahao1(), Jia Yonghong2, Lian Shihao1, Liu Yue1, Yu Shan1, Tian Wenqiang1, Wang Ziqian1, Zhang Jinshan1, Shi Shubing1()   

  1. 1College of Agronomy of Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
    2Qitai County Wheat Experiment Station, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qitai 831800, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2024-04-02 Revised:2024-07-06 Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-06-03

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Abstract:

To study the response of winter wheat to the compound regulation of prohexadione-calcium and phosphorus fertilizer, take Xindong 18 as the material, a two-factor split-zone test design was used, set up foliar spraying of prohexadione-calcium main plot (A1: 300 g/ha, A2: 600 g/ha, A3: 900 g/ha); the amount of phosphorus applied (P2O5) was the subplot (P1: 90 kg/ha, P2: 120 kg/ha, P3: 150 kg/ha, P4: 180 kg/ha). The effects of different doses of prohexadione-calcium and phosphorus application on agronomic traits, relative content of chlorophyll (SPAD value), dry matter accumulation and distribution and yield of winter wheat were studied. The results showed that under the same phosphorus application rate, A3 treatment had a significant inhibitory effect on winter wheat plant height and node length, its leaf area index (LAI), SPAD value, dry matter accumulation, node diameter, and yield were all higher than A1 and A2, and increased by 11.89%-15.60%, 0.26%-12.18% and 3.69%-8.32%, 1.02%-5.15% and 1.29%-4.02%, respectively. At the same dose of prohexadione- calcium, LAI, SPAD value, dry matter accumulation, and plant height and node length were all highest in P3,with the size of P3>P4>P2>P1; the A3P3 treatment produced the most (8120.04 kg/ha). Accordingly, the northern border area can benefit from a moderate dosage of prohexadione-calcium (900 g/ha) and phosphorus treatment (150 kg/ha) to boost yields under this experiment.

Key words: Winter wheat, Prohexadione-calcium, Phosphorus application rate, Growth, Dry matter accumulation and distribution

Table 1

Effects of different concentrations of prohexadione-calcium and phosphorus application rate on LAI of winter wheat"

处理
Treatment		 拔节期
Jointing		 孕穗期
Booting		 开花期
Anthesis		 灌浆前期
Early grain-
filling
A1 P1
 4.89c 6.14c 5.40c
 4.68c
P2
 5.11b 6.50b 5.48bc
 4.96b
P3
 5.19a 6.66a 5.64a
 5.16a
P4 5.12b 6.59a 5.55ab 4.99b
平均值Average 5.08c 6.47c 5.52c 4.94c
A2 P1
 5.19c 6.74b 5.69a
 4.93c
P2
 5.24c 6.81ab 5.70a
 5.15b
P3 5.55a 6.85a 5.78a
 5.40a
P4 5.33b 6.83ab 5.73a
 5.30a
平均值Average 5.33b 6.81b 5.73b 5.19b
A3 P1
 5.60b 6.87b 5.94c
 5.42b
P2
 5.61b 6.96b 6.01c
 5.43b
P3
 5.80a 7.12a 6.52a
 5.57a
P4 5.65b 6.74c 6.21b 5.52ab
平均值Average 5.66a 6.92a 6.17a 5.48a
变异来源Source of variation F值F-value
A 101.19**
 196.65** 584.86** 152.18**
P 37.49** 32.53** 27.06** 33.95**
A×P 3.41* 13.82** 6.85** 3.34*

Fig.1

Effects of different concentrations of prohexadione-calcium and phosphorus application rate on SPAD values of winter wheat"

Table 2

Effects of different concentrations of prohexadione-calcium and phosphorus application rate on dry matter accumulation and partitioning at maturity in winter wheat"

处理
Treatment		 干物质积累量
（g/株）
Dry matter
accumulation
(g/plant)		 茎+叶鞘
Stem and sheath		 叶片
Leaf		 颖壳+穗轴
Glume and spike axis		 籽粒
Grain
干重（g/株）
Dry weight
(g/plant)		 占比
Percentage
(%)		 干重（g/株）
Dry weight
(g/plant)		 占比
Percentage
(%)		 干重（g/株）
Dry weight
(g/plant)		 占比
Percentage
(%)		 干重（g/株）
Dry weight
(g/plant)		 占比
Percentage
(%)
A1 P1 7.62d 2.58b 33.90a 0.76b 9.99a 1.05a 13.40a 3.25c 42.71a
P2 7.81b 2.63ab 33.72a 0.79ab 10.16a 1.04a 13.36a 3.34ab 42.81a
P3 7.90a 2.65a 33.50a 0.82a 10.38a 1.03a 13.29a 3.38a 42.79a
P4 7.70c 2.61ab 33.94a 0.77b 10.00a 1.02a 13.38a 3.29bc 42.73a
A2 P1 7.86d 2.63a 33.46a 0.88a 10.18a 1.07a 13.57a 3.37c 42.92a
P2 8.12b 2.67a 32.92a 0.87a 10.76a 1.08a 13.26a 3.49ab 42.98a
P3 8.19a 2.70a 32.97a 0.83ab 10.69a 1.09a 13.33a 3.53a 43.01a
P4 7.99c 2.66a 33.33a 0.80b 10.35a 1.07a 13.39a 3.43bc 42.93a
A3 P1 8.15d 2.65b 32.47a 0.91b 11.21a 1.08a 13.29a 3.51c 43.07a
P2 8.46b 2.72ab 32.19a 0.99a 11.74a 1.10a 12.96a 3.65ab 43.14a
P3 8.54a 2.73a 31.96a 1.00a 11.71a 1.12a 13.15a 3.69a 43.16a
P4 8.30c 2.68ab 32.25a 0.95ab 11.44a 1.09a 13.17a 3.58bc 43.13a

Table 3

Effects of different concentrations of prohexadione-calcium and phosphorus application rate on the plant height of winter wheat cm"

处理
Treatment		 拔节期
Jointing		 孕穗期
Booting		 灌浆前期
Early grain-
filling
A1 P1 40.98b 71.91c 92.35b
P2 41.13ab 73.08bc 93.52ab
P3 42.61a 75.78a 95.19a
P4 41.76ab 74.09b 94.58a
平均值Average 41.62a 73.71a 93.91a
A2 P1 38.66b 69.10c 91.67b
P2 39.48ab 71.05b 92.99ab
P3 40.84a 74.61a 94.48a
P4 40.74a 73.47a 93.38ab
平均值Average 39.93b 72.06b 93.13a
A3 P1 38.11b 68.16c 89.19c
P2 38.66b 69.78b 90.98bc
P3 40.68a 71.53a 93.46a
P4 39.07ab 70.51ab 92.37ab
平均值Average 39.13c 69.99c 91.50b
变异来源Source of variation F值F-value
A 55.50* 269.02** 10.18*
P 5.66* 28.43** 9.15**
A×P 0.31ns 1.10ns 0.25ns

Table 4

Effects of different concentrations of prohexadione-calcium and phosphorus application rate on internode length at maturity in winter wheat cm"

处理
Treatment		 穗颈节长
Peduncle length		 倒2节长
Penultimate internode length		 倒3节长
Antepenultimate internode length		 倒4节长
Fourth internode length
A1 P1 32.33a 21.04a 13.87a 12.24a
P2 32.73a 21.31a 13.93a 12.31a
P3 33.21a 21.92a 14.36a 12.77a
P4 33.01a 21.81a 14.14a 12.50a
平均值Average 32.82a 21.52a 14.08a 12.45a
A2 P1 31.06a 20.01a 13.27a 11.43a
P2 31.46a 20.35a 13.39a 11.57a
P3 32.01a 20.54a 13.51a 12.03a
P4 31.95a 20.38a 13.77a 11.69a
平均值Average 31.62b 20.32b 13.49b 11.68b
A3 P1 30.44a 19.23a 12.72a 10.46a
P2 30.74a 19.61a 12.91a 10.69a
P3 31.39a 19.91a 12.97a 11.05a
P4 31.27a 19.84a 13.05a 10.81a
30.96b 19.65b 12.91c 10.75c
变异来源Source of variation F值F-value
A 19.57* 12.17* 25.69*
 18.87*
P 2.91ns 1.20ns 0.47ns 1.83ns
A×P 0.02ns 0.06ns 0.07ns 0.02ns

Table 5

Effects of different concentrations of prohexadione-calcium and phosphorus application rate on nodal diameter at maturity in winter wheat mm"

处理
Treatment		 穗颈节直径
Peduncle internode
diameter		 倒2节直径
Penultimate internode
diameter		 倒3节直径
Antepenultimate
internode diameter		 倒4节直径
Fourth internode
diameter
A1 P1 2.85a 3.86a 3.78a 3.38a
P2 2.91a 3.92a 3.82a 3.45a
P3 2.93a 3.93a 3.83a 3.45a
P4 2.87a 3.89a 3.81a 3.41a
平均值Average 2.89a 3.90b 3.81b 3.42b
A2 P1 2.90a 3.91a
 3.81a 3.43a
P2 2.96a 3.96a 3.85a 3.49a
P3 2.97a 3.97a 3.86a 3.50a
P4 2.96a 3.93a 3.83a 3.47a
平均值Average 2.95a 3.94ab 3.84b 3.47ab
A3 P1 2.97a 3.95a 3.86a 3.50a
P2 3.04a 3.98a 3.91a 3.56a
P3 3.07a 4.02a 3.92a 3.57a
P4 3.02a 3.97a 3.88a 3.52a
平均值Average 3.02a 3.98a 3.89a 3.54a
变异来源Source of variation F值F-value
A 4.03ns 5.01ns 14.41* 9.01*
P 2.04ns 2.36ns 1.49ns 2.01ns
A×P 0.10ns 0.05ns 0.02ns 0.03ns

Table 6

Effects of different concentrations of prohexadione-calcium and phosphorus application rate on yield and its components of winter wheat"

处理
Treatment		 穗数
Spikes
(×104/hm2)		 穗粒数
Grains per
spike		 千粒重
1000-grain
weight (g)		 产量
Yield
(kg/hm2)
A1 P1 465.67b 38.90b 39.76b 7103.57c
P2 474.33b 40.27ab 41.49ab 7591.41b
P3 494.67a 41.20a 41.84a 7883.37a
P4 488.67a 39.73ab 40.63ab 7567.64b
平均值Average 480.83c 40.30b 40.93a 7536.50b
A2 P1 510.33c 39.80a 40.47a 7250.04c
P2 526.67b 40.80a 41.85a 7673.37b
P3 549.67a 41.43a 42.22a 7900.04a
P4 511.67bc 40.53a 41.27a 7603.37b
平均值Average 524.58b 40.64ab 41.45a 7606.71ab
A3 P1 529.33c 40.67a 40.76b 7343.37c
P2 549.67b 41.73a 41.91ab 7896.71b
P3 567.33a 42.13a 43.73a 8120.04a
P4 536.67bc 41.13a 42.33ab 7850.04b
平均值Average 545.75a 40.67a 42.18a 7802.54a
变异来源
Source of variation		 F值F-value
A 108.30** 4.93ns 1.11ns 6.44ns
P 16.53** 3.70* 3.26* 153.65**
A×P 1.56ns 0.08ns 0.19ns 0.85ns
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