蚕豆田除草剂筛选初报

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2018.05.027

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用田间试验方法,研究了3种阔叶杂草除草剂复配1种禾本科杂草除草剂对蚕豆田间杂草的防效和安全性,筛选适于内蒙古中部蚕豆田使用的除草剂。结果表明,3种防除阔叶杂草的除草剂即10%乙羧氟草醚EC、21.4%三氟羧草醚AS、48%苯达松AS与1种禾本科杂草除草剂即5%精喹禾灵EC复配,不论是常量组合处理还是倍量组合处理,对蚕豆田杂草均具有较好的防效。所有处理对杂草的鲜重防效都高于株防效;对稗草的防效相当,差异不显著;对杂草的总防效以及阔叶杂草藜和反枝苋的防效3个倍量组合处理都显著好于常量组合处理,差异达极显著水平。田间安全性调查显示,5%精喹禾灵EC 60g/hm ²+48%苯达松AS 720、1 440g/hm ²处理对蚕豆有很好的安全性,可放心使用;其次是5%精喹禾灵EC 60g/hm ²+21.4%三氟羧草醚AS 321、642g/hm ²处理,5%精喹禾灵EC 60g/hm ²+10%乙羧氟草醚EC 90、180g/hm ²处理对蚕豆安全性较差,不建议使用。

关键词: 蚕豆, 除草剂, 杂草防效, 用药安全性

Abstract:

To screen out the herbicide suitable for use in broad bean field in central Inner Mongolia, three species of broadleaf weed herbicides were recombined as one grass weed herbicide and used to control weeds in broad bean field. The efficiency and safety of the combined herbicides were detected in the tested broad bean field. The results showed that the three herbicides were 10% fluoroglycofen-ethyl EC, 21.4% acifluorfensodium AS and 48% hentazon AS and 5% quizalofop-p-ethyl EC compound, they all had good control effect on weeds in the broad bean field whether it was the constant combination treatment or doubling combination treatment. The control effect of all treatments on the fresh weight of weeds was higher than that on plants of weeds, and the control effect of barnyard weeds was not significantly different. The total control effect of weeds and the control effect of broadleaf weeds that goosefoots and Amaranthus retroflexus was doubling combination treatment significantly better than the combination treatment, and the difference was extremely significant. Field safety investigation showed that 5% quizalofop-p-ethyl EC 60g/hm ²+48% hentazon AS 720, 1440g/hm² treatments were very safe for broad bean. 5% quizalofop-p-ethyl EC 60g/hm²+21.4% acifluorfensodium AS 321, 642g/hm² treatments ranked the second. 5% quizalofop-p-ethyl EC 60g/hm²+10% fluoroglycofen-ethyl EC 90, 180g/hm² treatments was not safe.

Key words: Broad bean, Herbicide, Control efficiency, Safety

赵存虎,孔庆全,陈文晋,贺小勇,田晓燕. 蚕豆田除草剂筛选初报[J]. 作物杂志, 2018 (5): 167–172

Zhao Cunhu,Kong Qingquan,Chen Wenjin,He Xiaoyong,Tian Xiaoyan. Screening of Postemergence Herbicides in the Broad Bean Field[J]. Crops, 2018(5): 167–172

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药剂Herbicide		施药剂量(g/hm²) Dosage	株高Plant height (cm)				平均(cm) Average	比空白对照降低(%) Reduce than CK
药剂Herbicide		施药剂量(g/hm²) Dosage	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	Ⅳ	平均(cm) Average	比空白对照降低(%) Reduce than CK
5%精喹禾灵乳油(60g/hm²)	48%苯达松AS	720	46.6	46.0	46.4	46.0	46.3aA	0.2
5% quizalofop-p-ethyl EC	48% bentazon AS	1 440	46.5	45.8	46.0	46.3	46.2aA	0.4
	10%乙羧氟草醚EC	90	46.2	46.0	45.8	46.5	46.1aA	0.6
	10% fluoroglycofen-ethyl EC	180	44.3	42.6	44.0	43.6	43.6bB	6.0
	21.4%三氟羧草醚AS	321	42.6	43.7	41.5	42.6	42.6cBC	8.2
	21.4% acifluorfensodium AS	642	43.0	41.2	40.3	42.5	41.8cC	9.9
空白对照CK		—	46.7	46.0	46.5	46.5	46.4aA	—

药剂Herbicide		施药剂量 (g/hm²) Dosage	株防效Strain control effect (%)			总株防效(%) Sum strain control effect
药剂Herbicide		施药剂量 (g/hm²) Dosage	稗草 Barnyard grass	藜 Goosefoots	反枝苋 Amaranthus retroflexus	总株防效(%) Sum strain control effect
5%精喹禾灵乳油(60g/hm²)	48%苯达松AS	720	93.0aA	87.2bB	85.8cdC	90.2bB
5% quizalofop-p-ethyl EC	48% bentazon AS	1 440	94.0aA	100.0aA	94.0bAB	94.9aA
	10%乙羧氟草醚EC	90	94.6aA	65.6cC	88.2cBC	88.6bcBC
	10% fluoroglycofen-ethyl EC	180	94.0aA	89.3bB	96.1aA	94.0aA
	21.4%三氟羧草醚AS	321	92.9aA	71.7cC	80.9dC	86.7cC
	21.4% acifluorfensodium AS	642	93.4aA	91.4bB	95.3abAB	93.7aA

药剂Herbicide		施药剂量 (g/hm²) Dosage	株防效Strain control effect (%)			总株防效(%) Sum strain control effect
药剂Herbicide		施药剂量 (g/hm²) Dosage	稗草 Barnyard grass	藜 Goosefoots	反枝苋 Amaranthus retroflexus	总株防效(%) Sum strain control effect
5%精喹禾灵乳油(60g/hm²)	48%苯达松AS	720	93.0aA	94.3bB	86.8cdCD	92.6bB
5% quizalofop-p-ethyl EC	48% bentazon AS	1 440	94.0aA	100aA	93.3abAB	96.6aA
	10%乙羧氟草醚EC	90	94.6aA	71.2cD	90.1bcBC	90.7bcB
	10% fluoroglycofen-ethyl EC	180	94.0aA	90.6bBC	95.7aA	95.7aA
	21.4%三氟羧草醚AS	321	92.9aA	79.3cCD	83.3dD	89.5cB
	21.4% acifluorfensodium AS	642	93.4aA	92.7bB	94.5aAB	95.5aA

药剂Herbicide		施药剂量 (g/hm²) Dosage	鲜重防效Fresh weight control effect (%)			总鲜重防效(%) Sum fresh weight control effect
药剂Herbicide		施药剂量 (g/hm²) Dosage	稗草 Barnyard grass	藜 Goosefoots	反枝苋 Amaranthus retroflexus	总鲜重防效(%) Sum fresh weight control effect
5%精喹禾灵乳油(60g/hm²)	48%苯达松AS	720	97.5aA	98.7bB	92.0cC	95.4cB
5% quizalofop-p-ethyl EC	48% bentazon AS	1 440	98.6aA	100.0aA	98.0aA	99.0aA
	10%乙羧氟草醚EC	90	98.4aA	89.1cC	94.2bB	92.1dC
	10% fluoroglycofen-ethyl EC	180	98.6aA	98.0bB	98.7aA	98.4bA
	21.4%三氟羧草醚AS	321	97.3aA	91.7cC	90.9cC	91.7dC
	21.4% acifluorfensodium AS	642	98.1aA	98.0bB	98.6aA	98.3bA