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作物杂志,2020, 第4期: 45–52 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.04.007

• 遗传育种·种质资源·生物技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同水分条件下小麦持绿表型性状评价及其与产量相关性研究

杨斌1,2(), 闫雪1(), 温宏伟2,3, 王曙光1, 逯腊虎2, 范华1, 景蕊莲4, 孙黛珍1()   

  1. 1山西农业大学农学院,030801,山西太谷
    2山西农业大学小麦研究所,041000,山西临汾
    3有机旱作山西省重点实验室,030000,山西太原
    4中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,100081,北京
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-20 修回日期:2019-12-03 出版日期:2020-08-15 发布日期:2020-08-11
  • 通讯作者: 孙黛珍
  • 作者简介:杨斌,主要从事小麦抗旱分子育种研究,E-mail： sxxmsyb83@126.com;|闫雪为共同第一作者,主要从事小麦分子育种研究,E-mail： yanxue092@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    山西省农业科学院博士基金(YBSJJ1811);有机旱作山西省重点实验室开放基金(201805D111015-6);山西省面上青年基金(201801D221314);山西省重点研发计划(201803D221018-1);山西省重点研发计划(201703D211007-9)

Study on the Evaluation of Stay-Green Traits of Wheat and Its Correlation with Yield-Related Traits under Different Water Conditions

Yang Bin1,2(), Yan Xue1(), Wen Hongwei2,3, Wang Shuguang1, Lu Lahu2, Fan Hua1, Jing Ruilian4, Sun Daizhen1()   

  1. 1College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
    2Institute of Wheat, Shanxi Agricultural University, Linfen 041000, Shanxi, China
    3Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Organic Dry Farming, Taiyuan 030000, Shanxi, China
    4Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2019-11-20 Revised:2019-12-03 Online:2020-08-15 Published:2020-08-11
  • Contact: Sun Daizhen

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摘要：

找出适宜在多个环境条件下评价小麦持绿性状的表型指标,为快速筛选小麦持绿品系,加速抗旱、高光效育种进程提供数据支撑。以包含306个家系的RIL群体（旱选10号×鲁麦14）为材料,分析了不同水分条件下灌浆不同时期旗叶叶绿素SPAD值、功能绿叶面积持续期（GLAD）以及衰老参数变化特征,并对其与产量性状的相关性进行了研究。结果表明：RIL群体SPAD值、GLAD在整个灌浆期的变化动态复杂,衰老相关参数无法反映其动态变化过程。2种水分条件下,在灌浆后期（花后20、25和30d）SPAD值与粒宽、粒厚、千粒重以及单株产量呈显著或极显著正相关。在灌溉条件下花后10、13、16、19和22d的GLAD与单株产量呈极显著正相关;而在干旱胁迫条件下GLAD与单株产量相关性则未达到显著水平。不同环境条件下,旗叶SPAD值在灌浆后期（花后20、25和30d）相比于GLAD和衰老特征参数与产量性状具有更好的相关性,且测定相对简单,更适宜于持绿品系的快速筛选。

关键词: 小麦, 持绿性状, 产量, 相关性分析

Abstract:

To provide support for rapidly selecting stay-green lines and for accelerating drought-resistant and high photosynthetic efficiency breeding processes, phenotypic indicators suitable for evaluating stay-green traits should be found out under multiple environmental conditions. In this study, the SPAD value, green leaf area duration (GLAD) and the change of senescence parameters under different water conditions of flag leaves in different periods of grain-filling were analyzed using recombinant inbred lines (RIL) population of 306 lines (Hanxuan 10×Lumai 14), and the correlations between them and yield-related traits were studied. The results showed that the changes of SPAD value and GLAD in RIL population were dynamic and complex processes during the whole grain-filling period, while the senescence-related parameters could not reflect the dynamic process. Under the two water conditions, SPAD value at the late filling-grain stage (20, 25 and 30 days after anthesis) was significant or highly significant correlation with grain width, grain thickness, 1000-grain weight and yield per plant. Under irrigation conditions, the GLAD 10, 13, 16, 19 and 22 days after anthesis was highly significantly correlated with the yield per plant. However, the GLAD was not significantly correlated with yield per plant under drought stress. Under different environmental conditions, compared with GLAD, the SPAD value of flag leaf has a better correlation with senescence parameters and yield-related traits in the late grain-filling stage, and the measurement of the SPAD value is relatively simple, which is more suitable for selecting stay-green lines.

Key words: Wheat, Stay-green trait, Yield, Correlation analysis

表1

2种水分条件下灌浆不同时期SPAD值、GLAD与衰老相关参数的分布特征

性状
Trait		 亲本Parent t值
t value		 RIL群体RIL population
旱选10号
Hanxuan 10		 鲁麦14
Lumai 14		 平均值
Mean		 标准差
Standard
deviation		 偏度
Skewness		 峰度
Kurtosis		 最小值
Minimum		 最大值
Maximum		 变异系数
Coefficient of
variation (%)
SPAD-S1 56.97/56.37 61.51/59.67 4.39*/5.99* 57.26/56.39 2.44/2.33 -0.12/-0.05 -0.08/-0.26 49.42/50.16 64.34/62.66 4.27/4.13
SPAD-S2 55.38/54.18 59.93/56.87 5.75*/3.23ns 56.24/55.44 2.53/2.56 0.02/-0.22 -0.12/0.16 48.82/45.97 64.12/61.16 4.42/4.62
SPAD-S3 53.88/51.97 59.34/52.06 9.09*/0.12ns 55.10/52.71 3.22/3.27 -0.78/-0.52 2.11/0.68 35.90/39.58 61.84/59.92 5.85/6.21
SPAD-S4 52.74/49.34 55.79/42.46 5.73*/20.05** 50.97/46.88 6.44/8.44 -1.19/-1.61 2.71/2.97 1.48/3.58 60.55/57.92 12.64/18.01
SPAD-S5 42.98/25.95 41.43/10.12 0.35ns/7.56* 34.61/18.94 9.30/12.30 -0.65/0.35 -0.03/-0.65 0.00/0.00 55.82/49.32 35.53/64.95
SPAD-S6 15.97/3.25 12.34/1.74 1.72ns/8.13* 12.96/3.97 2.12/2.87 0.85/0.70 1.81/1.20 0.00/0.00 42.55/20.38 43.58/76.82
SPAD-S7 3.71/0.00 2.11/0.00 4.82*/- 2.04/- 0.12/- 1.20/- 1.75/- 0.00/0.00 6.22/0.00 95.95/-
GLAD-D1 8.15/8.13 8.73/7.75 5.00*/3.99ns 8.53/8.32 0.34/0.43 -0.79/-0.93 0.88/1.40 7.00/6.67 9.00/9.00 3.98/5.17
GLAD-D2 8.00/7.92 8.60/6.58 5.20*/6.70* 8.30/8.03 0.49/0.59 -1.10/-1.83 1.13/1.90 4.25/4.10 9.00/9.00 5.87/7.33
GLAD-D3 7.93/6.65 7.93/5.14 1.43ns/5.60* 7.86/7.12 0.84/1.35 -0.65/-0.81 0.55/0.59 2.37/2.40 9.00/8.67 10.68/18.88
GLAD-D4 7.40/5.00 6.53/2.40 6.21*/9.37* 6.93/5.29 1.29/1.89 -1.63/-0.93 1.72/1.37 1.05/0.22 8.80/8.00 18.67/35.75
GLAD-D5 4.50/0.62 3.53/0.00 3.35ns/- 3.93/1.55 1.03/1.60 -0.15/1.19 -0.84/1.12 0.00/0.00 8.00/7.40 51.57/43.09
GLAD-D6 1.32/0.00 0.40/0.00 6.72*/- 1.02/0.22 1.35/0.64 1.73/1.80 2.85/1.88 0.00/0.00 6.25/4.20 62.52/85.77
GLAD-D7 0.30/0.00 0.00/0.00 -/- 0.10/0.03 0.35/0.19 4.34/1.47 2.01/1.62 0.00/0.00 2.75/2.40 77.30/87.16
MRS (%/d) 15.13/13.97 13.21/15.86 5.39*/9.97** 16.15/16.34 4.60/5.22 -0.26/-0.30 -0.40/-0.35 6.30/5.57 37.10/33.63 28.70/31.94
TMRS (d) 22.86/20.12 22.20/18.86 0.53ns/5.32* 22.69/20.65 1.67/1.67 -0.25/-0.63 1.10/2.94 16.14/13.26 26.73/25.85 7.37/8.10
PGMS (%) 29.80/29.61 32.91/30.19 5.15*/0.93ns 31.33/31.08 1.63/2.30 2.41/1.64 1.95/0.87 26.87/25.50 45.52/42.53 5.21/7.41
75%G 20.88/17.75 19.45/16.20 1.63ns/2.45ns 20.04/17.96 1.81/2.08 -1.13/-1.68 0.89/0.92 8.85/5.80 24.67/23.21 9.04/11.60
50%G 22.28/19.52 21.91/17.84 0.84ns/5.17* 21.91/19.85 1.66/1.72 -0.43/-1.04 0.91/1.07 15.19/11.06 26.70/25.07 7.56/8.68
25%G 23.60/20.92 23.48/19.14 0.33ns/4.76* 23.39/21.35 1.73/1.69 -0.13/-0.24 0.68/1.26 16.92/14.68 28.46/27.05 7.38/7.90
Ts (d) 18.15/14.95 12.71/12.97 4.96*/6.25* 16.37/14.23 2.65/3.31 -2.10/-1.98 1.08/1.78 8.26/2.03 22.11/19.86 16.23/19.86
To (d) 29.60/24.47 25.22/20.91 4.80*/9.65* 25.03/23.02 1.98/1.92 0.05/0.53 0.19/2.43 18.75/16.17 30.80/29.38 7.92/9.35

表2

2种水分条件下产量性状的分布特征

性状
Trait		 亲本Parent t值
t value		 RIL群体RIL population
旱选10号
Hanxuan 10		 鲁麦14
Lumai 14		 平均值
Mean		 标准差
Standard
deviation		 偏度
Skewness		 峰度
Kurtosis		 最小值
Minimum		 最大值Maximum 变异系数Coefficient of
variation (%)
千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 38.54/37.52 39.12/34.02 2.83ns/5.39* 39.33/37.36 4.51/4.13 -0.49/0.17 1.31/0.03 26.28/25.22 48.80/50.40 11.47/11.57
单株产量
Yield per plant (g)		 5.20/3.99 4.93/1.92 3.59ns/6.45* 4.31/2.94 1.58/0.97 0.49/0.54 0.01/0.02 1.24/0.72 9.11/5.59 36.78/33.13
单株穗数
Spike number per plant		 4.16/3.13 3.24/1.94 2.60ns/4.78* 3.36/2.63 0.96/0.77 0.60/1.23 0.91/0.46 1.50/1.35 7.25/6.98 40.62/47.23
穗粒数
Grain number per spike		 43.40/41.24 33.02/32.99 5.75*/5.10* 40.33/36.35 6.22/6.08 0.17/-0.06 0.32/0.29 24.39/16.67 56.60/51.47 15.43/16.71
粒长Grain length (mm) 6.55/6.29 6.68/6.26 0.52ns/1.88ns 6.74/6.59 0.32/0.32 0.00/-0.03 0.00/0.13 5.89/5.59 7.73/7.70 4.76/4.89
粒宽Grain width (mm) 3.48/3.35 3.07/3.03 7.35*/6.36* 3.30/3.19 0.18/0.18 0.50/-0.54 0.97/2.22 2.76/2.24 4.01/3.74 5.53/5.61
粒厚
Grain thickness (mm)		 3.14/2.95 3.03/2.91 4.35*/4.84* 3.11/2.99 0.19/0.20 0.34/0.03 0.00/0.00 2.65/2.48 3.69/3.57 5.99/6.58

表3

2种水分条件下SPAD值与产量性状的相关性

性状Trait SPAD-S1 SPAD-S2 SPAD-S3 SPAD-S4 SPAD-S5 SPAD-S6 SPAD-S7
粒长Grain length -0.06/0.01 -0.07/0.03 -0.01/0.04 -0.07/0.07 0.09/0.04 -0.02/-0.02 -0.06/0.04
粒宽Grain width -0.04/0.09 -0.03/0.07 -0.03/0.07 -0.09/0.05 0.21**/0.20** -0.26**/0.13* -0.13*/0.22**
粒厚Grain thickness -0.02/0.04 -0.05/0.02 -0.03/0.02 -0.04/-0.05 0.06/0.19** -0.24**/0.18** -0.10/0.21**
千粒重
1000-grain weight		 -0.04/-0.07 -0.03/-0.05 -0.05/0.09 -0.12*/0.07 0.15**/0.22** -0.12*/0.18** -0.17**/0.19**
单株产量
Yield per plant		 -0.05/0.11 -0.08/0.15* -0.17**/0.15* -0.27**/0.15** 0.27**/0.17** -0.23**/0.13* -0.20**/0.15**
单株穗数
Spike number per plant		 -0.04/0.11 -0.06/0.12* -0.13*/0.12* -0.19**/0.08 0.18**/0.01 -0.07/-0.10 -0.02/-0.06
穗粒数
Grain number per spike		 -0.14*/0.19** -0.16**/0.23** -0.22**/0.20** -0.27**/0.21** 0.26**/0.17** -0.04/0.10 -0.03/0.07

表4

2种水分条件下GLAD与产量性状的相关性

性状Trait GLAD-D1 GLAD-D2 GLAD-D3 GLAD-D4 GLAD-D5 GLAD-D6 GLAD-D7
粒长Grain length -0.16**/0.17** 0.14*/0.12* 0.12*/0.07 0.11*/0.03 0.05/0.03 -0.01/0.03 -0.09/0.02
粒宽Grain width -0.03/0.05 0.05/-0.01 0.05/0.03 0.12*/0.13* 0.30**/0.18** -0.29**/0.14* -0.16**/0.04
粒厚Grain thickness -0.05/0.07 0.01/-0.01 0.03/0.06 0.05/0.04 0.12*/0.15* -0.23**/0.19** -0.16**/0.08
千粒重
1000-grain weight		 -0.07/0.21** 0.07/0.16** 0.16**/0.15** 0.17**/0.13* 0.20**/0.14* -0.11/0.08 -0.05/0.05
单株产量
Yield per plant		 -0.15**/0.11 0.16**/0.09 0.22**/0.04 0.20**/0.06 0.19**/0.07 -0.09/0.07 -0.04/0.10
单株穗数
Spike number per plant		 -0.11*/0.04 0.10/0.02 0.15*/-0.02 0.12*/-0.02 0.09/-0.06 -0.08/-0.12* -0.08/-0.14*
穗粒数
Grain number per spike		 -0.18**/0.08 0.23**/0.10 0.23**/0.04 0.19**/0.07 0.16**/0.10 -0.02/0.14* -0.06/0.02

表5

2种水分条件下衰老相关参数与产量性状的相关系数

性状Trait MRS TMRS PGMS Ts To 75%G 25%G 50%G
粒长Grain length -0.09/-0.09 0.05/0.02 -0.05/0.08 -0.11/0.06 -0.00/-0.06 0.09/0.03 0.03/-0.03 0.06/0.00
粒宽Grain width -0.12*/0.12* 0.28**/0.15** -0.08/0.06 -0.03/-0.03 -0.30**/0.20** 0.17**/0.05 0.29**/0.17** 0.25**/0.12*
粒厚Grain thickness -0.08/0.10 0.14*/0.08 -0.13*/0.13* -0.06/-0.10 -0.19**/0.16** 0.04/-0.03 0.16**/0.11 0.11/0.04
千粒重
1000-grain weight		 -0.04/-0.07 0.19**/0.11 -0.04/0.18** -0.16**/0.01 -0.15*/0.13* 0.20**/0.06 0.18**/0.12* 0.20**/0.10
单株产量
Yield per plant		 -0.21**/-0.20** 0.15**/-0.04 -0.07/-0.02 -0.29**/0.13* -0.03/-0.13* 0.26**/0.07 0.11/-0.07 0.19**/0.00
单株穗数
Spike number per plant		 -0.19**/-0.09 0.06/-0.07 -0.08/0.01 -0.21**/0.05 -0.04/-0.11 0.16**/0.07 0.02/-0.09 0.09/-0.05
穗粒数
Grain number per spike		 -0.16**/-0.15* 0.12*/-0.01 -0.02/-0.08 -0.21**/0.13* -0.03/-0.10 0.19**/0.08 0.09/-0.04 0.14*/0.02
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