大豆籽粒生育酚及其组分含量鉴定与优异种质筛选

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.03.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生育酚（维生素E）具有防止人体动脉硬化、降低胆固醇、增强血液循环和防治心血管疾病等多种功效。大豆较其他植物含有更为丰富的生育酚,但目前大规模筛选优异种质的工作开展较少且研究不够深入。鉴于此,利用299份大豆品种资源,通过高效液相色谱法测定其籽粒生育酚及其组分含量,明确其遗传变异及相关性,并筛选生育酚含量高的特异种质。结果表明,供试大豆品种生育酚及其组分含量存在丰富的遗传变异,其δ-、γ-、α-生育酚及总生育酚平均含量分别为44.15、143.05、66.81及254.01μg/g,变异系数在15.37%~38.04%之间,α-生育酚变异系数最高;3种成分占总含量比值分别为17.47%、56.57%和25.96%,变异系数为11.78%~32.21%,α-生育酚比值变异系数最高;同时发现,总含量与3种组分含量间的相关系数均达到极显著水平,δ-生育酚与γ-及α-生育酚的相关系数也达极显著水平;基于各供试品种生育酚及其组分含量,将其分为3类,并筛选出13份高生育酚含量特异种质,其中包括黑河44、合丰50、合农75和绥农28等,为今后通过常规及分子育种方法实现生育酚及其组分含量遗传改良奠定了材料基础。

关键词: 大豆, 生育酚, 高效液相色谱法, 特异种质

Abstract:

Tocopherol (vitamin E) has many important medical functions, such as preventing and curing arteriosclerosis, lowering cholesterol, enhancing blood circulation, preventing and curing cardiovascular diseases, and so on. Soybean contains a relatively higher amount tocopherol than other plants, while need more widely elite germplasm identification and further studies. Because of this, two hundred and ninety-nine soybean varieties were analyzed for their tocopherol and its component contents through the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, and the genetic variations, correlation relationships, and elite germplasms were screened out. The results showed that it existed relative wide genetic variations of tocopherol and its components in the soybeans, and the δ-, γ-, α-, total tocopherol contents were 44.15, 143.05, 66.81, and 254.01μg/g, respectively, with the variation coefficients 15.37%-38.04%, the variation coefficients of α-tocopherol was the highest. The ratio of δ-/total, γ-/total, α-/total were 17.47%, 56.57%, and 25.96%, respectively, with the variation coefficients of 11.78%-32.21%, the ratio of α-/total was the highest. Meanwhile, highly significant correlations were detected between the total tocopherol and its three components, and the correlations between δ- and γ-, α-tocopherol were also extremely significant. Based on the contents of tocopherol and its components, the soybean varieties were divided into three groups, and thirteen elite germplasms with higher tocopherol contents were screened out, including Heihe 44, Hefeng 50, Henong 75, and Suinong 28 which can be used in the genetic improvement of tocopherol and its component contents through conventional and molecular breeding methods in the future.

Key words: Soybean, Tocopherol, High performance liquid chromatography, Elite germplasms

秦宁, 李俊茹, 李文龙, 杜汇, 李喜焕, 张彩英. 大豆籽粒生育酚及其组分含量鉴定与优异种质筛选[J]. 作物杂志, 2021 (3): 34–39

Qin Ning, Li Junru, Li Wenlong, Du Hui, Li Xihuan, Zhang Caiying. Screening of Elite Germplasms and Identification of Seed Tocopherol and Its Component Contents in Soybean[J]. Crops, 2021(3): 34–39

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供试大豆品种资源籽粒生育酚及其组分含量聚类分析

类别 Type	品种 Variety	生育酚总量均值 Mean of total tocopherol contents
Ⅰ类：高含量 TypeⅠ：High content	黑河44、合丰50、合农75、绥农28、合丰55、哈12-4547、辽豆26、北疆九1号、永丰豆、绥农35、圣168、宾县黑豆、绥农15、垦豆40、海6055、合农68、抗线9号、垦丰18、合交02-69、辽10Q015、合丰41、合农66、吉育48、蒙豆9号、蒙豆36、吉育101、哈14-2146、黑河41、黑河9号、哈11-4519、绥农14、绥农1号、哈13-2089、东农42、合丰53、黑河33等	319.37
Ⅱ类：低含量 TypeⅡ：Low content	合农69、青豆、紫花2、宝青绿大豆、东农47、辽青豆1号、东农57、绿瓤黑豆、青杂豆、绥农70、佳黑秣食豆、茶秣食豆、合丰38、吉原引3号、黑豆、合农71、吉育86、合农67、北丰16	178.30
Ⅲ类：中间含量 Type Ⅲ：Medium content	吉育204、绥农26、长春满仓金、绥08-5331、绥农52、吉育401、哈14-2028、合丰35、嫩丰16、东农50、黑河40、绥农43、合丰46、永吉枣豆、北疆193、哈13-613、黑河54、黑河38、绥农69、吉育71、绥农83、合丰44、绥农53、哈11-4142、合农97、合农76、合丰48、黑河09-3311、合丰42、合丰37、吉育108、辽小粒豆2、北豆5、黑河45、甘248、疆丰23-3412、北豆19、合农60、辽08Q104、黑河10、绥农36、华疆4403、黑河55、东农4、合农70、合丰52、合丰57、汇农10-06、黄大粒、丰收1、丰收10号、北豆36、极早黄、中黄901、丰豆23、黑河7、吉育302、蒙豆34、黑河21、黑河37、合丰56、龙垦316、绥农10号、内豆4号、东农56、黑河4、绥农11、绥农4号、大红脐、龙垦330、嫩良7号、黑河12、东农4211、牛毛黄、合丰51、呼交282、北丰9、绥农79、绥农34、黑河31、黑河43、黑河18、哈13-2185、黑河3、蒙豆28、吉育406、绥农82、绥黑大豆1号、黑河48、绥农6、舒兰满仓金、桦南小金豆、中作引1号、合丰29、绥农22等	249.98

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参考文献 26

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项目 Item	均值 Mean	最大值 Max	最小值 Min	标准差 SD	变异系数 CV (%)	偏度 Skew	峰度 Kurt	品种间显著性 Significance of varieties
δ-生育酚 δ-tocopherol (μg/g)	44.15	86.92	20.88	11.63	26.33	0.39	0.36	***
γ-生育酚 γ-tocopherol (μg/g)	143.05	207.09	81.23	24.01	16.78	-0.04	0.05	***
α-生育酚 α-tocopherol (μg/g)	66.81	163.49	4.38	25.42	38.04	0.56	0.81	***
总生育酚 Total tocopherol (μg/g)	254.01	382.86	148.95	39.04	15.37	0.12	0.24	***
δ-生育酚与总生育酚比值 δ-/total tocopherol (%)	17.47	29.62	8.23	4.08	23.37	0.22	0.03	***
γ-生育酚与总生育酚比值 γ-/total tocopherol (%)	56.57	78.17	34.83	6.66	11.78	-0.20	1.02	***
α-生育酚与总生育酚比值 α-/total tocopherol (%)	25.96	55.44	2.23	8.36	32.21	0.51	1.01	***

项目Item	γ-生育酚 γ-tocopherol	α-生育酚 α-tocopherol	总生育酚 Total tocopherol	δ-生育酚比值 δ-/total tocopherol	γ-生育酚比值 γ-/total tocopherol	α-生育酚比值 α-/total tocopherol
δ-生育酚 δ-tocopherol	0.452^**	-0.156^**	0.474^**	0.798^**	0.005	-0.394^**
γ-生育酚 γ-tocopherol		0.006	0.753^**	-0.002	0.437^**	-0.347^**
α-生育酚 α-tocopherol			0.608^**	-0.569^**	-0.803^**	0.918^**
总生育酚 Total tocopherol				-0.134^*	-0.253^**	0.267^**
δ-生育酚比值 δ-/total tocopherol					0.163^**	-0.618^**
γ-生育酚比值 γ-/total tocopherol						-0.876^**

品种Variety	总生育酚Total tocopherol	δ-生育酚 δ-tocopherol	γ-生育酚 γ-tocopherol	α-生育酚 α-tocopherol
黑河44 Heihe 44	382.86	68.53	186.18	128.16
合丰50 Hefeng 50	351.36	46.67	193.58	111.11
合农75 Henong 75	350.05	54.80	186.60	108.64
绥农28 Suinong 28	347.34	54.07	196.09	97.18
合丰55 Hefeng 55	343.02	35.71	206.16	101.15
哈12-4547 Ha12-4547	338.39	86.92	178.46	73.01
哈13-2089 Ha13-2089	335.30	45.03	137.17	153.10
蒙豆9号Mengdou 9	332.78	55.27	207.09	70.42
蒙豆36 Mengdou 36	323.37	54.01	198.52	70.84
辽10Q015 Liao10Q015	316.74	75.64	178.82	62.27
东农42 Dongnong 42	303.55	37.34	125.38	140.83
绥农1号 Suinong 1	294.92	24.28	107.14	163.49
东辽克霜Dongliaokeshuang	281.72	83.46	166.13	32.13