基因编辑作物技术原理、商业化及检测研究进展

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.02.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基因编辑技术自2012年问世以来，引起了人们广泛的关注，并在应用上不断突破创新。该技术利用“分子剪刀”将DNA双链断裂，连接上非同源末端或同源重组，对DNA特定的位点进行突变、敲除、插入或替换。本文详细阐述了迄今为止各种基因编辑技术的原理及方法，介绍现阶段该技术的应用及编辑作物商业化情况，同时对该技术的检测研究加以分析。基因编辑技术已然成为全球热点，新技术、新研究和新成果如雨后春笋，在动植物育种、疾病治疗和药物研发等领域得到应用，未来该技术必将展现其革命性意义，如何监管、检测和商业化应用将成为监管部门急需解决的问题。

关键词: 基因编辑, 原理, 应用, 监管, 检测

Abstract:

Since the introduction of gene editing technology in 2012, it has attracted widespread attention and continues to break new ground in terms of application prospects. This technology uses “molecular scissors” to break DNA double strands and attach non-homologous ends or homologous recombination to mutate, knock out, insert or replace specific sites in DNA. This paper detailed the principles and technical methods of various gene editing technologies to date, explained the current application of the technology and the progress of commercialization of the edited crops, and analyzed the detection studies of the technology. Gene editing technology has become a global hotspot, new technologies and new research results are springing up and being applied in the fields of plant and animal breeding, disease treatment, drug development, etc. In the future, this technology will definitely show its revolutionary significance, and how to regulate, detect, and commercialize the application will become an urgent problem to be solved by the regulatory authorities.

Key words: Gene editing, Principle, Application, Regulation, Detection

窦迎港, 甄珍. 基因编辑作物技术原理、商业化及检测研究进展[J]. 作物杂志, 2023 (2): 16–23

Dou Yinggang, Zhen Zhen. Progress in the Technical Principle, Commercialization and Testing Research of Gene Edited Crops[J]. Crops, 2023(2): 16–23

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