碳纳米材料对植物生长发育的调节作用

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2017.02.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

碳纳米材料对植物生长发育的调节作用吸引着国内外众多科研工作者的注意力。碳纳米材料对植物的生长发育存在促进作用,表现为促进植物的种子萌发、根系生长以及生物量积累等,在农业上存在广阔的应用前景。然而,在一定条件下碳纳米材料对植物的生长发育也会产生负面效应,表现为组织损伤及生长抑制等,同时也存在一定的环境风险。本文结合近10年的研究,综述了调节植物生长发育相关的碳纳米材料种类及其对植物生长发育的影响、作用机制、安全性评价及研究进展,旨在为今后研究提供参考。

关键词: 碳纳米材料, 植物, 生长发育, 种子萌发, 作用机制

Abstract:

There has been great interest in potential of carbon nano-materials in regulating plant growth and development. Carbon nano-materials can promote the growth and development of plants. It can promote seed germination, root growth and biomass accumulation of some plants, which promise a wide application prospects in agriculture. However, carbon nano-materials also have negative effects on plant to some extent, such as tissue damage, growth inhibition, and it may create some environmental risks. In this paper, the types of carbon nano-materials, the effects of carbon nano-materials on the plant growth and development, the interaction mechanism and safety evaluation of plant production were reviewed. We also discussed the research progress, aiming to provide useful references for the in-depth research.

Key words: Carbon nano-materials, Plant, Growth and development of plants, Seed germination, Mechanism

赵振杰,梁太波,陈千思,胡利伟,张艳玲,尹启生. 碳纳米材料对植物生长发育的调节作用[J]. 作物杂志, 2017 (2): 7–13

Zhenjie Zhao,Taibo Liang,Qiansi Chen,Liwei Hu,Yanling Zhang,Qisheng Yin. The Growth and Development of Plants Regulated by Carbon Nano-Materials[J]. Crops, 2017(2): 7–13

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碳纳米材料 Carbon nano-materials	浓度Concentration	影响Effect	文献 Reference
MWCNTs	0~50μg/mL	加快小麦、玉米、花生以及大蒜种子萌发进程,促进种子萌发时的水分吸收以及生物量积累。低 MWCNTs添加浓度条件下,随着其浓度的升高促进种子萌发效果明显。	[31]
MWCNTs	0~60mg/L,琼脂培养基	低浓度下,MWCNTs增强了玉米种子的发芽生长,提高了水分的吸收和生物量的积累以及Ca和Fe元素的吸收,高浓度下则出现抑制效应。	[30]
MWCNTs	0~100μg/mL,培养基	MWCNTs渗透到玉米、大豆和大麦种皮内部,促进种子的萌发进程,水通道基因的表达量增加。	[32]
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs)	10~40μg/mL,MS培养基	碳纳米管渗透进入番茄种皮内部,促进番茄种子吸水进而促进种子萌发。	[27]
SWCNHs	0~100μg/mL,MS培养基	SWCNHs刺激大麦、玉米、大豆、水稻、柳枝稷和番茄中特定作物种子的发芽,并增强玉米、番茄、水稻和大豆的不同器官的生长。	[8]
Oxidized MWCNTs （OMWCNTs）	2.3~46.0μg/L	低浓度下OMWCNTs促进芥菜种子萌发、芽和根的生长,OMWCNTs有阻碍种子内部离子流失的效果。	[29]
Nano-carbon	0~396mg/L,MS培养基	6.6~66.0mg/L的范围内,种子增重显著,且随纳米碳浓度变化,种子吸水率与种子增重变化趋势基本一致,当浓度达到66.0mg/L时种子增重达到最大值。	[28]