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作物杂志,2019, 第1期: 141–145 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.01.023

所属专题： 杂粮作物

• 生理生化·植物营养·栽培耕作 • 上一篇    下一篇

春播谷子成熟期抗倒伏性研究

杜艳伟,赵晋锋,王高鸿,李颜方,赵根有,阎晓光   

  1. 山西省农业科学院谷子研究所,046011,山西长治
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-04 修回日期:2018-12-13 出版日期:2019-02-15 发布日期:2019-02-01
  • 通讯作者: 赵晋锋
  • 基金资助:
    山西省农业科学院特色农业技术攻关项目(YGG17021);山西“农谷”研发专项(YCX2018206)

Study of Lodging Resistance of Spring-Sowing Foxtail Millet in Maturity Stages

Yanwei Du,Jinfeng Zhao,Gaohong Wang,Yanfang Li,Genyou Zhao,Xiaoguang Yan   

  1. Millet Research Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changzhi 046011, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2018-09-04 Revised:2018-12-13 Online:2019-02-15 Published:2019-02-01
  • Contact: Jinfeng Zhao

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摘要：

试验以长谷4号、长生13和晋谷21为材料,在成熟期（乳熟期、蜡熟期和完熟期）测定7个性状指标,分析其与倒伏性的关系。结果表明,3个品种的倒伏指数均以黄熟期最大,乳熟期最小;从基部第2节间~第6节间,倒伏指数依次增加,抗倒伏性依次降低。相关性分析表明,基部第2节间倒伏指数与重心高度和单株穗鲜重呈显著正相关,与株高、单株鲜重和基部第2节间长度呈正相关,与基部第2节间直径和基部第2节间机械强度呈负相关,但都未达到显著水平。通径分析结果表明,各性状对倒伏指数的直接影响从大到小排序为：基部第2节间机械强度、单株鲜重、重心高度、株高、基部第2节间直径、基部第2节间长度和单株穗鲜重。由研究结果可见,基部第2节间机械强度和重心高度可作为评价谷子成熟期抗倒伏性的通用指标,对选育抗倒伏谷子新品种具有重要指导意义。

关键词: 谷子, 成熟期, 茎秆性状, 倒伏指数

Abstract:

Changgu 4,Changsheng 13 and Jingu 21 were studied as materials in this experiment, the correlation of seven character indexes with lodging resistance at maturity stages (milk-ripe stage, waxy-ripe stage and yellow maturity stage) were analyzed. The results indicated that the lodging index of three varieties was the highest in yellow maturity stage and the lowest in milk-ripe stage. Lodging index increased gradually with increase of internodes (primary internode from two to six) whereas lodging resistance decreased stepwise. Correlation analysis showed that a significant positive correlation between lodging index of the second internode and height of the center of gravity, fresh weight of spike per plant existed. Some positive correlation existed between lodging index of the second internode and plant height, length of the second internode and fresh weight per plant, but a negative correlation existed between lodging index of the second internode basal and the diameter of the second internode basal, the mechanical strength of the second internode basal. Though they both didn’t reach significant level. Path analysis showed that those relevant traits had a direct effect on lodging index of the second internode from stronger to weaker followed the trend: mechanical strength of the second internode, fresh weight per plant, height of the center of gravity, plant height, the diameter of the second internode basal, length of the second internode basal and fresh weight of spike per plant. The results indicated that mechanical strength of the second internode basal, fresh weight per plant and height of the center of gravity were important traits parameter to evaluate crop-stem lodging resistance with the growing of millet, which has the extremely vital significance for selective lodging resistance breeding of the new millet cultivar.

Key words: Foxtail millet, Maturity, Traits, Lodging index

表1

不同品种在成熟期的倒伏指数"

品种Cultivar 成熟期Growth stage 第2节间
Second internode		 第3节间
Third internode		 第4节间
4th internode		 第5节间
5th internode		 第6节间
6th internode
长谷4号Changgu 4 乳熟期Milk-ripe stage 0.640a 0.657b 0.707a 0.779b 0.844b
蜡熟期Waxy-ripe stage 0.674a 0.732b 0.819a 0.871b 0.894b
黄熟期Yellow maturity stage 0.843a 1.042a 1.007a 1.140a 1.306a
长生13 Changsheng 13 乳熟期Milk-ripe stage 0.603a 0.644b 0.760b 0.858b 0.911b
蜡熟期Waxy-ripe stage 0.657a 0.800ab 0.866ab 1.013ab 1.134ab
黄熟期Yellow maturity stage 0.740a 1.089a 1.241a 1.499a 1.656a
晋谷21 Jingu 21 乳熟期Milk-ripe stage 0.585b 0.695a 0.764a 0.718b 0.736b
蜡熟期Waxy-ripe stage 0.666ab 0.848a 0.973a 0.968ab 1.077ab
黄熟期Yellow maturity stage 0.988a 0.978a 1.092a 1.303a 1.431a
显著水平Significance level c b b a a

表2

不同品种在成熟期抗倒伏性状的相关系数"

性状
Trait		 株高
Plant height
x1		 重心高度
Height of gravity
centre x2		 单株鲜重
Fresh weight
per plant x3		 单株穗鲜重
Fresh weight of
spike per plant x4		 节间长度
Internode
length x5		 节间直径
Internode diameter x6		 机械强度
Mechanical
strength x7		 倒伏指数Lodging
index y
x1 1
x2 0.882** 1
x3 0.810** 0.865** 1
x4 0.219 0.489 0.693* 1
x5 0.793* 0.654 0.423 -0.227 1
x6 0.709* 0.553 0.420 -0.227 0.751* 1
x7 0.780* 0.645 0.748* 0.189 0.520 0.830** 1
y 0.443 0.708* 0.621 0.687* 0.264 -0.157 -0.004 1

表3

不同品种在成熟期抗倒伏性状的通径系数"

通径Pathxi→y 直接作用Direct effect 间接作用Indirect effect
总和
Total		 株高
Plant height
→x1		 重心高度
Height of
gravity centre
→x2		 单株鲜重
Fresh weight
per plant
→x3		 单株穗鲜重
Fresh weight of spike per plant
→x4		 节间长度
Internode length
→x5		 节间直径
Internode diameter
→x6		 机械强度
Mechanical strength
→x7
x1→y -0.1722 0.6152 0.6514 0.7145 -0.0185 0.1027 -0.1205 -0.7144
x2→y 0.7384 0.1212 -0.1519 0.7627 -0.0415 0.0847 -0.0939 -0.5908
x3→y 0.8822 -0.1221 -0.1395 0.6384 -0.0587 0.0547 -0.0713 -0.6852
x4→y -0.0847 0.8092 -0.0377 0.3614 0.6117 -0.0294 0.0386 -0.1731
x5→y 0.1294 0.2710 -0.1366 0.4831 0.3727 0.0193 -0.1276 -0.4765
x6→y -0.1699 0.1349 -0.1221 0.4082 0.3703 0.0192 0.0972 -0.7600
x7→y -0.9160 0.9122 -0.1343 0.4763 0.6599 -0.016 0.0673 -0.1410
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