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作物杂志,2022, 第2期: 143–152 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.02.020

• 生理生化·植物营养·栽培耕作 • 上一篇    下一篇

叶面喷施钙素对光胁迫条件下烤烟光合生理特性的调控效应

云菲1(), 任天宝1,*(), 殷全玉1, 靳双珍2, 郑聪3, 金磊4, 李静静4, 刘国顺1, 杨喜田5,*()   

  1. 1河南农业大学烟草学院/河南省生物炭工程技术研究中心,450002,河南郑州
    2云南省烟草公司大理州公司,671000,云南大理
    3福建省烟草公司南平市公司,353100,福建南平
    4河南省烟草公司济源市公司,454650,河南济源
    5河南农业大学林学院,450002,河南郑州
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-25 修回日期:2021-10-09 出版日期:2022-04-15 发布日期:2022-04-24
  • 通讯作者: 任天宝,杨喜田
  • 作者简介:云菲,主要从事烟草栽培生理生态研究,E-mail： yunfeifei55@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    河南省自然科学基金(212300410160);河南省科技攻关计划（高新技术领域）(172102210306);福建省烟草公司南平市公司项目(南烟司叶[2017]21号);国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0200808)

Effects of Calcium by Foliage Spraying on Photosynthesis Physiology Characteristics of Flue-Cured Tobacco under Light Stress

Yun Fei1(), Ren Tianbao1,*(), Yin Quanyu1, Jin Shuangzhen2, Zheng Cong3, Jin Lei4, Li Jingjing4, Liu Guoshun1, Yang Xitian5,*()   

  1. 1College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University/Henan Engineering Research Center for Biochar, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
    2Dali Municipal Branch of Yunnan Tobacco Company, Dali 671000, Yunnan, China
    3Nanping Municipal Branch of Fujian Tobacco Company, Nanping 353100, Fujian, China
    4Jiyuan Municipal Branch of Henan Tobacco Company, Jiyuan 454650, Henan, China
    5College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
  • Received:2021-08-25 Revised:2021-10-09 Online:2022-04-15 Published:2022-04-24
  • Contact: Ren Tianbao,Yang Xitian

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摘要：

以烤烟品种K326为供试材料开展土培盆栽试验,在人工气候室条件下设置3种光照强度,研究叶面喷施钙素对不同光照强度下烤烟叶片光合色素、气体交换参数、抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节物质及干物质积累的影响,探明外源钙对光胁迫条件下烤烟光合生理特性及抗氧化系统的调控作用。结果表明,喷施外源钙可以增加不同光照强度下烤烟叶片的叶绿素（Chla+b）及类胡萝卜素（Car）含量,Chla+b和Car含量的最高值分别出现在400~500μmol/(m2·s)低光（L1）和1500~1800μmol/(m2·s)高光（L3）处理。烤烟叶片的净光合速率（Pn）随光强增加而升高,但光能利用效率（LUE）以L1处理最高。增施外源钙后烤烟叶片的Pn、蒸腾速率（Tr）、气孔导度（Gs）以及LUE显著增加,且在L1与L3处理下LUE增加比例较高,分别比对照增加了3.83%~5.63%和4.65%~7.75%。高光喷钙处理的超氧化物歧化酶活性、过氧化物酶活性、可溶性糖含量以及干物质积累量最高,丙二醛含量最低。喷施外源钙可提高烟草叶片活性氧清除酶活性和渗透调节物质含量来保护光胁迫条件下光系统Ⅱ（PSⅡ）反应中心不受伤害,促进光合效率提高,有利于光合碳同化产物的积累。

关键词: 钙, 光胁迫, 烤烟, 光合生理特性

Abstract:

The effects of the exogenous calcium on the photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange parameters, antioxidant enzyme activities, osmoregulation substances and dry matter accumulation of flue-cured tobacco were investigated with flue-cured tobacco variety K326 as experimental material. The soil-culture pot experiment was carried out under three light intensities in the artificial climate chamber in order to study the regulating effects of the exogenous calcium salts on the photosynthetic physiological characteristics and antioxidant system of flue-cured tobacco under light stress. The results showed that the contents of chlorophyll (Chla+b) and carotenoid (Car) in flue-cured tobacco leaves under different light intensities were increased by the application of exogenous calcium, and the highest values of Chla+b and Car respectively appeared in 400-500μmol/(m2·s) low light treatment (L1) and 1500-1800μmol/(m2·s) high light treatment (L3). With the increase of light intensity, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) was increased, but the light energy utilization efficiency (LUE) of L1 treatment was the highest. The values of Pn, transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs) and LUE were significantly increased by spraying exogenous calcium on flue-cured tobacco leaves,the increase proportion of LUE was higher under L1 and L3 treatments, increased by 3.83%-5.63% and 4.65%-7.75% compared with the control, respectively. The superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities, the soluble sugar and dry matter accumulation contents were the highest under the condition of L3 treatment with exogenous calcium application, but the content of malonaldehyde was the lowest. Consequently, in order to protect the PSII reaction center under light stress, the exogenous calcium application enhanced the active oxygen scavenging enzyme activity and osmotic adjustment substance content, the photosynthetic efficiency of flue-cured tobacco could be effectively improved so that the photosynthetic carbon assimilation products could be promoted.

Key words: Calcium, Light stress, Flue-cured tobacco (Nicotinna tobacum L.), Photosynthesis physiology characteristics

图1

叶面喷施钙素对光胁迫条件下烤烟叶片光合色素含量的影响 不同小写字母分别表示不同光照强度（括号外）和钙盐处理间（括号内）在P<0.05水平差异显著,下同

图2

叶面喷施钙素对光胁迫条件下烤烟叶片气体交换参数的影响

图3

叶面喷施钙素对光胁迫条件下烤烟LUE的影响

图4

叶面喷施钙素对光胁迫条件下烤烟叶片抗氧化酶活性的影响

图5

叶面喷施钙素对光胁迫条件下烤烟叶片MDA及SS含量的影响

图6

叶面喷施钙素对光胁迫条件下烤烟干物质积累量的影响

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