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作物杂志,2022, 第2期: 174–181 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.02.024

• 生理生化·植物营养·栽培耕作 • 上一篇    下一篇

氮磷钾复合肥与促生菌Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1配施对太子参生理特性、生物量及品质的影响

焦松林(), 任建国, 欧阳湖, 倪显春, 田茂松, 王俊丽()   

  1. 贵州医科大学公共卫生学院/环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室/贵州省食品营养与健康工程研究中心,550025,贵州贵阳
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-07 修回日期:2021-07-22 出版日期:2022-04-15 发布日期:2022-04-24
  • 通讯作者: 王俊丽
  • 作者简介:焦松林,主要从事环境功能性微生物研究,E-mail： 1542849350@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31760604);贵州省区域内一流学科建设项目—公共卫生与预防医学(黔教科研发2017[85]号);贵州省高等学校工程研究中心项目(黔教合KY字[2021]008)

Effects of Combined Application of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Compound Fertilizer and Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 on Physiological Characteristics, Biomass and Quality of Pseudostellaria heterophylla

Jiao Songlin(), Ren Jianguo, Ouyang Hu, Ni Xianchun, Tian Maosong, Wang Junli()   

  1. School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University/Key Laboratory of Enviromental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education/Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Food Nutrition and Health, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
  • Received:2021-05-07 Revised:2021-07-22 Online:2022-04-15 Published:2022-04-24
  • Contact: Wang Junli

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摘要：

以太子参品种‘三泓1号’为材料进行盆栽试验,设置CK（自来水）、T1（2.00g氮磷钾复合肥水溶液）、T2（3×108CFU/mL促生菌KTS-1-1菌悬液）、T3（0.25g氮磷钾复合肥+3×108CFU/mL促生菌KTS-1-1菌悬液）、T4（0.50g氮磷钾复合肥+3×108CFU/mL促生菌KTS-1-1菌悬液）和T5（1.00g氮磷钾复合肥+3×108CFU/mL促生菌KTS-1-1菌悬液）6个处理,探究不同比例的氮磷钾复合肥与促生菌KTS-1-1配施对太子参生理特性、生物量及品质的影响。结果表明,相比CK处理,T2、T3、T4处理均能显著改善叶片中营养元素含量和防御酶活性,提高植株生物量,增加块根多糖、氨基酸、钙和钴元素含量,尤以T4处理最为明显,与CK处理相比,叶片氮、磷、钾含量分别显著提高了82.14%、54.55%和94.16%;叶片超氧化物歧化酶、苯丙氨基酸解氨酶和过氧化物酶活性分别显著提高了50.20%、19.72%和40.24%;株高、平均叶面积、块根鲜重及块根干重分别显著提高了10.20%、28.05%、70.62%和54.95%;块根多糖、氨基酸及钙、钴元素含量分别显著提高了35.38%、68.14%、29.17%和21.56%。与T1处理相比,T4处理在叶片营养元素含量、叶片防御酶活性及块根生物量方面也有明显的促进作用。综上说明,T4处理为太子参生产中肥料使用的推荐方式。

关键词: 氮磷钾复合肥, 植物根际促生菌, 太子参, 生物量, 品质

Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of different ratios of NPK compound fertilizer combined with Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 bacterial suspension on the physiological characteristics, biomass and quality of Pseudostellaria heterophylla, this study used P. heterophylla ‘Sanhong No.1’ as the material for pot experiment. The experiments including six treatments were designed as followings: CK (tap water), T1 (2.00g NPK compound fertilizer tap water solution), T2 (3×108 CFU/mL Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 bacterial suspension), T3 (0.25g of NPK compound fertilizer+3×108 CFU/mL Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 bacterial suspension), T4 (0.50g of NPK compound fertilizer+3×108 CFU/mL Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 bacterial suspension), T5 (1.00g of NPK compound fertilizer+3×108 CFU/mL Bacillus sp. KTS-1-1 bacterial suspension). The results showed that, compared with CK treatment, T2, T3, and T4 treatments could significantly improve leaf nutrient element content and leaf defense enzyme activity, increase biomass and the contents of polysaccharide, amino acid, calcium and cobalt in roots, especially for T4 treatment being the most obvious one in the promoting effect. Compared with CK treatment, the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in leaves significantly increased by 82.14%, 54.55% and 94.16% respectively, the activities of SOD, PAL and POD in leaves by 50.20%, 19.72% and 40.24% respectively, plant height, average leaf area, fresh root weight, and dry root weight by 10.20%, 28.05%, 70.62% and 54.95%, respectively and the contents of polysaccharides, amino acids, calcium, and cobalt in tuber roots by 35.38%, 68.14%, 29.17% and 21.56% respectively were observed in T4 treatment. Additionally, compared with T1 treatment, T4 treatment also had the significant promoting effects on leaf nutrient element contents, leaf defense enzyme activities and root biomass. In summary, T4 was the recommended method of fertilizer application in the production of P. heterophylla.

Key words: NPK compound fertilizer, Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, Pseudostellariae heterophylla, Biomass, Quality

表1

氮磷钾复合肥与促生菌KTS-1-1(3×108 CFU/mL)施用方案设计

处理
Treatment		 组分Component 总体积
Total volume (mL)
KTS-1-1 (mL) 氮磷钾复合肥NPK compound fertilizer (g) 自来水Tap water (mL)
CK 0 0.00 200 200
T1 0 2.00 200 200
T2 200 0.00 0 200
T3 200 0.25 0 200
T4 200 0.50 0 200
T5 200 1.00 0 200

图1

氮磷钾复合肥与促生菌KTS-1-1施用对太子参叶片营养元素含量的影响 不同小写字母表示不同处理在P<0.05 水平差异显著,下同

图2

氮磷钾复合肥与促生菌KTS-1-1施用对太子参叶片防御酶活性的影响

图3

氮磷钾复合肥与促生菌KTS-1-1施用对太子参叶片防御酶活性的聚类分析

表2

氮磷钾复合肥与促生菌KTS-1-1施用对太子参生物量的影响

处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant height (cm)		 平均叶面积
Average leaf area (cm2)		 块根鲜重
Fresh root weight (g)		 块根干重
Root dry weight (g)
CK 15.88±0.26b 4.42±0.18c 18.38±0.44e 5.55±0.23e
T1 17.23±0.20a 5.36±0.20ab 29.08±0.54b 7.79±0.34b
T2 17.35±0.28a 5.25±0.19b 22.55±0.60d 6.53±0.26d
T3 17.98±0.29a 5.98±0.19a 26.88±0.52c 7.49±0.25bc
T4 17.50±0.25a 5.66±0.20ab 31.36±0.58a 8.60±0.19a
T5 17.02±0.33a 5.60±0.13ab 23.64±0.73d 6.84±0.24cd

表3

氮磷钾复合肥与促生菌KTS-1-1施用对块根多糖、皂苷及氨基酸含量的影响

处理Treatment 多糖Polysaccharide (%) 皂苷Saponin (%) 氨基酸Amino acid (μmol/g)
CK 5.37±0.08c 1.37±0.01ab 45.92±4.45c
T1 6.69±0.32b 1.36±0.02ab 115.31±5.40a
T2 5.62±0.14c 1.38±0.03ab 60.20±6.56bc
T3 8.22±0.38a 1.30±0.03b 74.49±3.58b
T4 7.27±0.04b 1.33±0.03b 77.21±3.35b
T5 7.31±0.33b 1.49±0.05a 52.72±5.01c

表4

氮磷钾复合肥与促生菌KTS-1-1施用对太子参块根矿质元素含量的影响

处理Treatment 钙Calcium 镁Magnesium 铁Iron 锰Manganese 铜Copper 锌Zinc 钴Cobalt
CK 1 636.47±25.58b 1 020.84±13.54b 412.70±6.20a 97.47±4.44a 5.69±0.01a 30.59±1.13a 8.72±0.29c
T1 2 005.71±56.72a 1 076.05±9.44ab 407.95±7.29a 88.44±6.85a 6.66±0.48a 30.99±2.78a 10.11±0.24ab
T2 2 163.77±40.41a 1 116.01±26.50a 424.97±8.94a 92.75±2.83a 7.03±0.40a 31.41±1.93a 9.53±0.30b
T3 2 036.75±39.31a 1 062.97±27.69ab 430.02±3.27a 87.45±4.38a 5.86±0.41a 30.40±0.84a 10.45±0.23a
T4 2 113.75±45.46a 1 047.31±19.22ab 414.48±10.32a 95.93±4.16a 6.13±0.16a 30.96±1.27a 10.60±0.14a
T5 2 151.75±40.14a 1 079.30±14.58ab 408.35±7.98a 89.15±3.47a 6.00±0.15a 31.39±1.82a 11.04±0.05a
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