Crops ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 57-63.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.05.010

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Genetic Diversity Analysis of Sesame Germplasm Resources in Shanxi

Lü Wei,Han Junmei,Ren Guoxiang,Wen Fei,Wang Ruopeng,Liu Wenping   

  1. Institute of Economic Crops Research, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2019-04-19 Revised:2019-07-23 Online:2019-10-15 Published:2019-11-07
  • Contact: Wenping Liu

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Abstract:

In order to understand the genetic diversity of Shanxi sesame germplasm resources, genetic diversity analysis and cluster analysis were conducted on 10 quality traits and 8 quantitative traits of 189 sesame germplasm resources from Shanxi in this study. The results showed that there were significant genetic differences in phenotypic traits of 189 germplasm resources from Shanxi. Among the quality traits, the genetic diversity index of the number of stem pubescence scored the highest (1.15) and the coefficient of variation of the number of arrises per capsule was the highest (63.88%). For quantitative traits, the genetic diversity index of internode length scored the highest (2.09) and the coefficient of variation of yield per plant was the highest (47.66%). 189 sesame germplasm resources of Shanxi were divided to four cluster groups according to cluster analysis. GroupⅠwas parent material for eight-arrises and high-plant breeding, groupⅡwas specific material of short-stem and short-internode, group Ⅲ was excellent material for high-yield breeding, which with good comprehensive properties, could be directly used, group Ⅳ had a number of single-flower and high-yield of specific material.

Key words: Sesame, Germplasm resources, Phenotypic characters, Genetic diversity

Table 1

Name and number of test sesame germplasm resources"

编号
Number		 材料名称
Material name		 编号
Number		 材料名称
Material name		 编号
Number		 材料名称
Material name		 编号
Number		 材料名称
Material name		 编号
Number		 材料名称
Material name
1 太谷芝麻1号 39 临县双圪桶-1 77 祁县芝麻-3 115 2012杂F3-4 153 杂F11-8
2 2012-23-02 40 临县双圪桶-2 78 2012-29-02 116 2012杂F3-5 154 杂F13-3
3 太谷芝麻2号-1 41 临县双圪桶-3 79 2012-29-05 117 2012杂F3-7 155 g34
4 太谷芝麻2号-2 42 临县双圪桶-4 80 见喜芝麻1号-1 118 2012杂F3-8 156 抗-5
5 太谷芝麻2号-3 43 2012-43-02 81 见喜芝麻1号-2 119 2012杂F3-9 157 g4
6 运城芝麻3号 44 2012-43-03 82 2012-32-01 120 2012杂F3-10 158 早熟-6
7 2012-13-02 45 2012-43-05 83 2012-32-03 121 2012杂F3-13 159 抗病-1-1
8 绛县浍南-1 46 柳林芝麻1号-1 84 2012-32-04-1 122 2012杂F3-14 160 抗病-1-2
9 绛县浍南-2 47 柳林芝麻1号-2 85 2012-32-04-2 123 高-2-1 161 g76
10 2012-16-02-1 48 柳林芝麻2号-1 86 2012-21-02 124 高-2-2 162 g43
11 2012-16-02-2 49 柳林芝麻2号-2 87 汾阳芝麻 125 高-7-1 163 高-5
12 2012-16-02-3 50 柳林芝麻3号 88 四棱芝麻-1 126 高-10 164 g6
13 2012-19-01 51 柳林石西-1 89 四棱芝麻-2 127 高-11 165 g50
14 晋芝10号 52 柳林石西-2 90 选4-1 128 高-7-2 166 高-4-1
15 绛县史村-1 53 2012-15-01 91 选4-2 129 高-9 167 高-4-2
16 绛县史村-2 54 吴堡丁家湾芝麻 92 82030 130 高-12 168 高-6
17 绛县史村-3 55 吴堡杨家沟芝麻 93 8602-2-1 131 高-15 169 g41
18 绛县大交-1 56 吴堡大枣湾芝麻 94 8602-2-2 132 不抗-6 170 g62-1
19 绛县大交-2 57 吴堡步墕芝麻 95 8605-4-1 133 不抗-9 171 g62-2
20 绛县大交-3 58 吴堡任家庄-1 96 8605-4-2 134 分抗-1 172 g24
21 2012-26-03 59 吴堡任家庄-2 97 8605-1-1 135 分抗-3 173 g57-1
22 绛县状册-1 60 2012-08-02 98 8605-1-2 136 分抗-4-1 174 g57-2
23 绛县状册-2 61 吴堡高尚墕芝麻 99 2012-33-03 137 分抗-4-2 175 g80-1
24 吉县南耀芝麻 62 吴堡郭家墕-1 100 2012-33-04 138 早熟-3 176 g80-2
25 2012-30-01 63 吴堡郭家墕-2 101 2012-33-05-1 139 2002g8 177 g46
26 吉县底贴芝麻 64 2012-10-01-1 102 2012-33-05-2 140 杂F8-1 178 g45
27 吉县芝麻 65 2012-10-01-2 103 2012-33-05-3 141 杂F8-2 179 2000g65
28 渭南芝麻 66 吴堡刘家里-1 104 2012-46-02 142 杂F8-3-1 180 抗-6
29 2012-03-02 67 吴堡刘家里-2 105 2012-46-03 143 杂F8-3-2 181 g60
30 临县芝麻2号 68 吴堡刘家里-3 106 2012-46-04-1 144 杂F9-3 182 g14
31 临县芝麻3号 69 2012-12-02 107 2012-46-04-2 145 杂F10-1 183 g36
32 临县芝麻4号 70 吴堡赤木峪-1 108 2012-47-01 146 杂F10-7 184 g67
33 2012-14-02 71 2012-05-02 109 2012-47-02-1 147 杂F10-9 185 抗-14
34 2012-14-03 72 吴堡赤木峪-2 110 2012-47-02-2 148 杂F10-12 186 g77
35 临县芝麻5号-1 73 定襄芝麻1号-1 111 2012-48-01 149 杂F10-13 187 g38
36 临县芝麻5号-2 74 定襄芝麻1号-2 112 2012-48-04 150 杂F10-16 188 g15
37 临县芝麻5号-3 75 祁县芝麻-1 113 2012-50-01 151 杂F10-17 189 杂F11-1
38 2012-34-02 76 祁县芝麻-2 114 2012-50-03 152 杂F11-6

Table 2

Criteria for recording the phenotypic characteristics of sesame"

性状Character 记载标准Recording criteria
株型Plant type 1=单秆,2=分枝
花冠颜色Corolla colour 1=白色,2=粉色,3=浅紫色,4=紫色
蜜腺Nectary 1=有,2=无
叶色Leaf colour 1=浅绿色,2=绿色,3=深绿色
叶形Leaf shape 1=柳叶形,2=披针形,3=椭圆形,4=卵形
每叶腋花数Number of flowers per leaf axil 1=单花,2=三花,3=多花
蒴果棱数Number of arrises per capsule 1=四棱,2=六棱,3=八棱,4=混合
主茎茸毛量Number of stem pubescence 1=无,2=少,3=中等,4=多
蒴果茸毛量Number of capsule pubescence 1=无,2=少,3=中等,4=多
主茎颜色Stem colour 1=绿带紫斑,2=绿色
株高Plant height 成熟期主茎子叶节至顶端的高度
始蒴高度Initial capsule height 成熟期子叶节至主茎下部第1个有效果节的高度
果轴长度Fruit axis length 成熟期主茎最上部和最下部有效果节的长度
节间长度Internode length 成熟期主茎中部相邻两果节之间的长度
蒴果长度Capsule length 成熟期主茎中部蒴果的长度
每蒴粒数Number of grains per capsule 成熟期主茎中部单个蒴果的子粒数
单株蒴果数Number of capsules per plant 成熟期主茎上有效蒴果数
单株产量Yield per plant 成熟期单个植株晒干子粒（含水量5%）的重量

Table 3

Genetic diversity analysis of 10 quality traits of sesame germplasm resources"

性状
Character		 最大值
Max		 最小值
Min		 平均值
Mean		 标准差
SD		 变异系数
CV (%)		 遗传多样性
指数H		 频率分布Ratio of distribution (%)
1 2 3 4
株型Plant type 2 1 1.32 0.47 35.44 0.62 67.72 32.28
花冠颜色Corolla colour 4 1 2.86 0.48 16.77 0.81 0.53 17.99 76.72 4.76
蜜腺Nectary 2 1 1.21 0.41 33.64 0.51 79.37 20.63
叶色Leaf colour 3 1 2.10 0.47 22.64 0.61 6.88 76.72 16.40
叶形Leaf shape 4 1 2.05 0.67 32.84 0.96 16.40 66.67 12.70 4.23
每叶腋花数Number of flowers per leaf axil 3 1 1.72 0.46 26.87 0.76 28.57 70.90 0.53
蒴果棱数Number of arrises per capsule 4 1 1.37 0.88 63.88 0.66 82.54 4.76 5.82 6.88
主茎茸毛量Number of stem pubescence 4 1 2.26 0.77 34.21 1.15 14.81 49.74 30.16 5.29
蒴果茸毛量Number of capsule pubescence 4 1 2.59 0.64 24.87 0.97 2.12 43.39 48.15 6.35
主茎颜色Stem colour 2 1 1.65 0.48 28.95 0.65 34.92 65.08

Table 4

Genetic diversity analysis of 8 quantitative characters of sesame germplasm resources"

性状Character 最大值Max 最小值Min 极差Range 平均值Mean 标准差SD 变异系数CV (%) 遗传多样性指数H
株高Plant height (cm) 195.00 102.00 93.00 157.18 16.19 10.30 2.00
始蒴高度Initial capsule height (cm) 102.00 23.00 79.00 56.63 16.35 28.87 2.07
果轴长度Fruit axis length (cm) 140.00 29.00 111.00 97.02 22.30 22.98 2.03
节间长度Internode length (cm) 4.50 2.10 2.40 3.44 0.45 13.22 2.09
蒴果长度Capsule length (cm) 4.00 2.00 2.00 3.03 0.27 8.93 1.80
每蒴粒数Number of grains per capsule 160.00 40.00 120.00 81.12 21.45 26.45 1.64
单株蒴果数Number of capsules per plant 198.00 13.00 185.00 97.87 35.87 36.65 2.08
单株产量Yield per plant (g) 25.66 1.18 24.48 9.07 4.32 47.66 2.04

Table 5

Principal component analysis of the phenotypic characters of sesame germplasm resources"

性状
Character		 第1主成分
The first
principal
component		 第2主成分
The second
principal
component		 第3主成分
The third
principal
component		 第4主成分
The fourth
principal
component		 第5主成分
The fifth
principal
component		 第6主成分
The sixth
principal
component
株型Plant type -0.204 0.567 0.043 0.523 0.229 0.055
花冠颜色Corolla colour 0.243 0.240 -0.143 0.294 -0.116 0.481
蜜腺Nectary 0.265 -0.125 -0.010 -0.047 0.157 0.723
叶色Leaf colour -0.068 -0.230 0.048 0.546 -0.418 0.057
叶形Leaf shape 0.358 -0.061 0.297 -0.244 0.442 0.072
每叶腋花数Number of flowers per leaf axil 0.237 -0.524 -0.160 -0.259 0.287 0.044
蒴果棱数Number of arrises per capsule -0.264 0.053 0.734 -0.207 -0.252 0.224
主茎茸毛量Number of stem pubescence 0.012 -0.621 0.372 0.374 0.289 -0.070
蒴果茸毛量Number of capsule pubescence -0.205 -0.493 0.428 0.412 0.110 -0.215
主茎颜色Stem colour 0.270 0.331 0.145 -0.362 -0.326 -0.080
株高Plant height 0.693 0.247 0.316 -0.030 -0.004 -0.390
始蒴高度Initial capsule height -0.374 0.539 0.189 -0.056 0.504 -0.205
果轴长度Fruit axis length 0.817 -0.199 0.095 0.055 -0.376 -0.144
节间长度Internode length 0.576 -0.251 0.038 -0.271 0.246 0.058
蒴果长度Capsule length 0.628 0.061 -0.131 0.085 -0.176 -0.150
每蒴粒数Number of grains per capsule -0.072 0.166 0.797 -0.113 -0.165 0.180
单株蒴果数Number of capsules per plant 0.675 0.317 -0.002 0.340 0.224 -0.064
单株产量Yield per plant 0.702 0.213 0.159 0.252 0.175 0.194
特征值Eigen value 3.513 2.100 1.844 1.550 1.404 1.191
贡献率Contribution rate (%) 19.517 11.664 10.247 8.610 7.798 6.615
累计贡献率Cumulative contribution rate (%) 19.517 31.181 41.428 50.038 57.836 64.452

Fig.1

Cluster tree diagram of 189 sesame germplasm resources"

Table 6

Statistics on phenotypic characters of sesame germplasm of various groups"

性状
Character		 统计
Statistic		 种质类群Germplasm group
Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ
株高Plant height (cm) 平均值Mean 161.84 141.62 166.69 158.57
变异系数CV (%) 7.67 11.82 6.45 7.39
始蒴高度 平均值Mean 65.18 58.51 47.50 61.47
Initial capsule height (cm) 变异系数CV (%) 26.01 29.68 24.19 25.37
果轴长度Fruit axis length (cm) 平均值Mean 92.36 78.51 115.95 94.46
变异系数CV (%) 21.67 27.84 10.82 16.25
节间长度Internode length (cm) 平均值Mean 3.34 3.23 3.71 3.38
变异系数CV (%) 13.47 15.62 10.24 10.29
蒴果长度Capsule length (cm) 平均值Mean 2.80 2.88 3.17 3.10
变异系数CV (%) 10.10 8.62 6.04 7.68
每蒴粒数 平均值Mean 122.73 73.51 78.30 74.63
Number of grains per capsule
 变异系数CV (%) 21.30 27.01 12.18 11.31
单株蒴果数 平均值Mean 85.50 70.43 110.56 112.65
Number of capsules per plant
 变异系数CV (%) 33.21 49.57 17.40 33.92
单株产量Yield per plant (g) 平均值Mean 9.14 5.95 10.93 9.73
变异系数CV (%) 43.11 58.98 33.29 45.28
株型Plant type 单秆或分枝 单秆或分枝 单秆 单秆或分枝
花冠颜色Corolla colour 多为粉色或浅紫色 多为粉色或浅紫色 多为粉色或浅紫色 多为浅紫色
蜜腺Nectary 多为有蜜腺 多为有蜜腺 多为有蜜腺 多为有蜜腺
叶色Leaf colour 多为绿色 多为绿色或深绿色 多为绿色 多为绿色
叶形Leaf shape 多为披针形 多为披针形或柳叶形 多为披针形或椭圆形 多为柳叶形或
披针形或椭圆形
每叶腋花数
Number of flowers per leaf axil		 多为三花 多为三花或多花 多为三花 多为单花或三花
蒴果棱数
Number of arrises per capsule		 多为八棱或混合 多为四棱 多为四棱 多为四棱
主茎茸毛量
Number of stem pubescence		 多为少或中等 多为少或中等 多为少或中等 多为少
蒴果茸毛量
Number of capsule pubescence		 多为少或中等 多为少或中等 多为少或中等 多为少或中等
主茎颜色Stem colour 多为绿色 多为绿带紫斑 多为绿带紫斑或绿色 多为绿色
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