Crops ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 124-129.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2018.06.019

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Effects of Insect Pollination on Yield Components of Sesame

Lü Wei1,Wen Fei1,Han Junmei1,Wang Ruopeng1,Ren Guoxiang1,Liu Wenping1,Le Meiwang2,Sun Jian2   

  1. 1 Institute of Economic Crops Research, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi, China
    2 Crops Research Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, Jiangxi, China
  • Received:2018-04-20 Revised:2018-08-16 Online:2018-12-15 Published:2018-12-06

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Abstract:

To explore the effect of insect pollination at sesame flowering stage and better uses of insects for pollination to increase yield, an experiment was carried out with three treatments:fully closed, semi-closed and open by counting the number of insects at flowering and analyzing its influence on the yield of sesame. The results showed that bees were the principal pollinators of sesame, and they occupied 78.69%~88.78% among the total pollinating insects. It was observed that the peak hour of bee visits were 9:00-10:30 and 15:00-16:30 in a day. Insect pollination could significantly increase capsule number per plant, number of grain per capsule, 1000-grain weight, yield per plant, plot yield of the semi-closed area and the open area, compared with the fully closed area (CK), which were increased by 7.06%~17.58%, 10.48%~16.83%, 2.19%~5.13%, 11.24%~20.86%, 10.12%~20.85%, respectively. Artificially increasing the number of pollinators is important for improving seed production and increasing yield in hybrid seed production and cultivation of sesame.

Key words: Sesame, Insect pollination, Yield

Fig.1

Dynamic changes of temperature and humidity in different treatments"

Table 1

The number and proportion of visiting insects in different treatments"

日期
Data		 处理
Treatment		 昆虫总数
Number of insect		 蜜蜂总数
Number of honey bee		 蜜蜂所占比例(%)
Proportion of bee		 其他昆虫总数
Number of other insect		 其他昆虫所占比例(%)
Proportion of other insect
8月1日1st Aug. CK - - - - -
T1 98 87 88.78 11 11.22
T2 231 201 87.01 30 12.99
8月2日2nd Aug. CK - - - - -
T1 85 69 81.18 18 18.82
T2 201 177 88.06 24 11.94
8月3日3rd Aug. CK - - - - -
T1 76 63 82.89 13 17.11
T2 183 144 78.69 39 21.31

Fig.2

Dynamic changes of times of bees visiting flowers"

Fig.3

Effects of different treatments on the yield components of sesame Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at 0.05 level"

Table 2

Analysis of the correlation between different treatments and yield components of sesame"

产量构成因素
Yield component		 株高
Plant height		 单株蒴果数
Capsules per plant		 每蒴粒数
Grains per capsule		 千粒重
1000-grain weight		 单株产量
Yield per plant		 小区产量
Plot yield
与T1的相关性
Correlation with T1		 -0.714 0.850** 0.960** 0.676 0.937** 0.946**
与T2的相关性
Correlation with T2		 -0.876* 0.972** 0.991** 0.930** 0.970** 0.990**
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