Crops ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 104-108.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.05.017

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Effects of Nitrogen Application Rates on Yield and Mineral Concentrations of Winter Wheat Grains in the North of Henan Province

Huang Yufang,Ye Youliang,Zhao Yanan,Yue Songhua,Bai Hongbo,Wang Yang   

  1. College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University/Henan Agricultural Green Development Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
  • Received:2019-03-22 Revised:2019-07-05 Online:2019-10-15 Published:2019-11-07
  • Contact: Yang Wang

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Abstract:

Lankaoaizao 8 (LKAZ8), Yumai 49-198 (YM49-198) and Ping′an 8 (PA8) were selected as experimental materials. Five N levels (0, 120, 180, 240 and 360kg/hm 2) were conducted. The effects of different N application rates on the contents of mineral elements such as N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and B in winter wheat were studied. The results showed that the concentrations of N, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn and B in wheat grains increased with increasing of N application rates. K and Mg concentration of grains were less affected by N application, but the contents of P and Mn were significantly decreased with the increasing of N application rates. Highly significant positive correlations between the concentrations of N and B (r=0.879), N and Mg (r=0.858), Mg and Zn (r=0.871), and Mg and B (r=0.877) were also observed. The concentration of various mineral elements (except B) in the grains of LKAZ8 was significantly higher than that of PA8, and YM49-198 was situated between them. Application of N fertilizer increased the grain yield of wheat, reducing the ratio of P/Ca, P/Mg, P/Fe and P/Zn, and enhancing the bioavailability of Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn. In addition, it was found that the yield of wheat could not be increased by increasing N fertilizer after the application rate of nitrogen reached 180kg/hm 2. Hence, reasonable N fertilizer management could increase the yield of winter wheat and the content of medium and microelements in northern Henan. Excessive N application was not only difficult to increase grain yield, but also reduced the content of P and Mn in the grains.

Key words: Nitrogen fertilizer, Wheat, Grain, Mineral element, Microelement, Bioavailability

Fig.1

Effects of nitrogen application rates on the grain yields of different wheat varieties Different lowercase letters of the same variety indicate significant difference at the level of 0.05 (LSD). The same below"

Fig.2

Effects of nitrogen application rates on the contents of N, P and K in the grains of different wheat varieties"

Table 1

Effects of nitrogen application rates on the concent of medium and microelements in the grains of different wheat varieties mg/kg"

品种Variety 处理Treatment Ca Mg Fe Mn Cu Zn B
兰考矮早8 N0 621.1b 1 283.4a 41.3c 35.0a 3.9b 26.0b 13.55b
Lankaoaizao 8 N120 643.1ab 1 220.7a 47.3b 33.8ab 4.3ab 27.3b 15.77b
N180 639.2b 1 324.7a 54.0ab 34.9ab 5.0a 28.6ab 15.99b
N240 666.9a 1 330.7a 55.6ab 33.1ab 5.1a 31.2ab 17.99a
N360 657.4ab 1 369.6a 59.0a 30.6b 4.8ab 32.2a 18.39a
均值Mean 643.5 1 305.8 51.4 33.5 4.6 29.1 16.34
豫麦49-198 N0 523.8c 1 266.9b 39.8b 32.9a 3.6c 25.9b 17.69b
Yumai 49-198 N120 535.1c 1 264.8a 41.0b 30.2ab 4.2b 25.4b 17.01b
N180 581.0b 1 306.4a 42.9ab 30.8ab 4.8ab 27.2ab 18.47ab
N240 613.0a 1 370.3a 43.1ab 28.5b 5.0a 28.4a 21.80a
N360 602.6ab 1 380.5a 51.0a 26.6b 4.8ab 28.6a 22.35a
均值Mean 567.1 1 317.8 43.6 29.8 4.5 27.1 19.48
平安8号 N0 521.2b 1 086.2a 37.5b 26.7a 3.4b 23.8b 10.10c
Ping′an 8 N120 531.8b 1 133.1a 38.9b 26.0a 3.6ab 23.8b 18.06b
N180 578.8a 1 166.8a 40.5b 26.1a 4.0a 24.6ab 22.33ab
N240 585.1a 1 183.5a 44.8ab 25.9a 3.9a 25.5a 22.76ab
N360 577.7a 1 199.9a 47.0a 25.3a 4.1a 25.6a 24.28a
均值Mean 558.9 1 153.9 41.7 26.0 3.8 24.7 19.51

Table 2

Correlation coefficients between relative mineral elements concent in the grains of wheat and relative yield"

项目Item N P K Ca Mg Fe Mn Cu Zn B
产量Yield 0.840** -0.385 0.168 -0.721** -0.814** -0.825** -0.254 -0.617* -0.790** -0.816**
N -0.410 0.145 -0.764** -0.858** -0.862** -0.512* -0.699** -0.740** -0.879**
P 0.148 -0.202 -0.261 -0.434 -0.807** -0.264 -0.261 -0.390
K -0.485 -0.203 -0.058 -0.051 -0.287 -0.271 -0.300
Ca -0.742** -0.644** -0.274 -0.814** -0.691** -0.798**
Mg -0.837** -0.422 -0.687** -0.871** -0.877**
Fe -0.450 -0.795** -0.795** -0.845**
Mn -0.332 -0.336 -0.564
Cu -0.607* -0.750**
Zn -0.821**

Table 3

Effects of nitrogen application rates on the ratios of P/Ca, P/Mg, P/Fe and P/Zn in the grains of different wheat varieties"

品种
Variety		 处理Treatment P/Ca P/Mg P/Fe P/Zn
兰考矮早8 N0 5.08a 2.46a 76.29a 121.18a
Lankaoaizao 8 N120 4.39b 2.31a 59.73b 103.26b
N180 4.78a 2.30a 56.59bc 106.81b
N240 4.41ab 2.21ab 52.93bc 94.24bc
N360 4.28b 2.02b 46.99c 86.05c
均值Mean 4.59 2.26 58.51 102.31
豫麦49-198 N0 6.09a 2.54a 80.09a 123.27a
Yumai 49-198 N120 5.24ab 2.25ab 68.41b 110.51ab
N180 4.96b 2.20ab 67.08b 105.77b
N240 4.76b 2.13b 67.74b 102.56bc
N360 4.55b 1.92b 51.98c 92.48c
均值Mean 5.12 2.21 67.06 106.92
平安8号 N0 4.66a 2.24a 64.81a 102.31a
Ping′an 8 N120 4.41ab 2.07a 60.24ab 98.34a
N180 4.13b 2.05a 59.10ab 97.22ab
N240 4.09b 2.02a 61.71a 93.88b
N360 4.15b 2.00a 51.00b 93.70b
均值Mean 4.29 2.08 59.37 97.09
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