Crops ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 9-14.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.05.002

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Analysis of Agronomic Characters and Genetic Diversity of 62 Winter Wheat Germplasms from Russia and Ukraine in Northwest China

Li Jing,Nan Ming   

  1. Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dingxi 743000, Gansu, China
  • Received:2019-03-14 Revised:2019-06-28 Online:2019-10-15 Published:2019-11-07
  • Contact: Ming Nan

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Abstract:

In order to screen parental materials with excellent genes for the effective utilization of germplasm to promote winter wheat genetic breeding and germplasm innovation in dryland, the main agronomic characters of 62 foreign winter wheat germplasms were evaluated by genetic diversity index, unweight pairing arithmetic average clustering and correlation analysis, and the gray correlation theory of entropy weighting method. The genetic diversity index of spike shape was the highest (1.1417) in quality characters of the tested germplasms, and genetic diversity index of shell colour (0.1407) was the lowest. The variation of grain weight per spike was high (25.85%). Based on systematic clustering by Euclidean distance, 62 winter wheat germplasms were divided into 4 groups with obvious characters and significant differences in main agronomic characters. The genetic types were rich, but the germplasms from different geographical regions had their own unique genetic characters. 15 excellent germplasms were evaluated by grey system theory, and the yield factors were very coordinated. The 62 introduced winter wheat germplasms have rich genetic diversity in 15 main agronomic characters, and the excellent germplasms screened by comprehensive evaluation can be fully utilized in the innovation and genetic improvement of winter wheat germplasm in northwest dry-farming area.

Key words: Winter wheat, Germplasm resources, Agronomic character, Genetic diversity, Comprehensive evaluation

Table 1

Analysis on the 6 quality characters genetic diversity"

性状
Character		 遗传多样性指数(H′)
Genetic diversity index		 频率分布Frequency distribution
1 2 3 4
穗形Spike shape 1.1417 0.5714 0.1269 0.1904 0.1111
粒色Grain colour 0.2363 0.0634 0.9365
粒质Grain quality 0.7612 0.7465 0.2381 0.0793
芒Awn 1.0572 0.2698 0.0634 0.6031 0.0952
壳色Shell colour 0.1407 0.9682 0.0317
幼苗习性Seedling habit 0.4632 0.1746 0.8253

Table 2

Analysis on the variation diversity of 9 quantity characters"

项目Item 生育期(d)
Growth period		 株高(cm)
Plant
height		 穗长(cm)
Spike
length		 结实小穗数
Fruiting spikelet number		 单位面积穗数
Spikes number
per unit area		 穗粒数
Grains per spike		 穗粒重(g)
Grain weight
per spike		 千粒重(g)
1000-
grain weight		 产量
(kg/hm2)
Yield
最小值Minimum 282.00 55.00 5.40 10.00 436.70 12.30 0.53 33.50 3 687.20
最大值Maximum 293.00 88.00 10.50 18.00 489.80 36.60 1.83 49.50 4 716.60
极差Range 11.00 33.00 5.10 8.00 53.10 24.30 1.30 16.00 1 029.40
平均值Mean 287.00 69.86 7.29 14.05 472.60 26.39 1.24 42.72 4 100.90
标准差Standard deviation 5.90 8.47 1.23 1.91 22.12 5.55 0.32 3.86 82.50
变异系数
Coefficient of variation (%)		 2.05 12.13 16.81 13.62 4.70 21.04 25.85 9.05 18.97
遗传多样性指数(H′)
Genetic diversity index		 1.65 9.76 13.53 10.96 3.70 16.93 20.80 7.28 15.26

Table 3

Correlation analysis on the quantity characters of tested materials"

性状Character 株高
Plant
height		 穗长
Spike
length		 结实小穗数
Fruiting
spikelet number		 穗粒数
Grains
per spike		 穗粒重
Grain weight
per spike		 千粒重
1000-grain
weight		 产量
Yield
株高Plant height -1
穗长Spike length -0.545** -1
结实小穗数
Fruiting spikelet number		 -0.646** -0.781** -1
穗粒数Grains per spike
 -0.333* -0.431* -0.656** 1
穗粒重Grain weight per spike -0.244 -0.333** -0.532** 0.913* 1
千粒重1000-grain weight -0.286* -0.247* -0.152 0.263* 0.485** 1
产量Yield -0.164 -0.265* -0.409** 0.386* 0.461** 0.474** 1

Fig.1

Cluster results based on nine quantity characters of tested materials"

Table 4

Average and variation range of main agronomic characters in different groups"

类群
Group		 项目
Item		 株高(cm)
Plant height		 穗长(cm)
Spike length		 结实小穗数
Fruiting spike number		 穗粒数
Grains per spike		 穗粒重(g)
Grain weight per spike		 千粒重(g)
1000-grain weight
Ⅰ Means±SD 79.67±4.50a 8.46±1.10a 15.92±1.27a 29.73±3.64a 1.42±0.22a 42.39±3.04ab
CV(%) 5.65 13.05 7.97 12.23 15.49 7.16
Ⅱ Means±SD 73.30±3.59b 6.96±0.76b 13.38±1.61ab 20.51±3.84b 0.83±0.19b 38.15±3.01b
CV(%) 4.90 10.99 12.07 18.74 22.66 7.89
Ⅲ Means±SD 64.16±3.64c 6.78±0.78b 13.40±1.16ab 27.18±3.47a 1.30±0.20a 44.34±2.85a
CV(%) 5.68 11.50 8.68 12.78 15.40 6.43
Ⅳ Means±SD 58.00±2.65d 6.70±0.85b 11.73±1.03b 19.07±5.56b 0.95±0.30b 44.87±6.82a
CV(%) 4.56 12.75 8.75 29.18 31.56 15.19
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