Crops ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 180-185.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.05.029

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Influence of Mowing Stages on Hay Yield and Fermentation Quality of Spring Barley

Zhao Zhun1,2,Qi Juncang1,2,Li Jian1,2,Guo Yan1,Ling Jiangrui1,Li Huqing1   

  1. 1 College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China
    2 The Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-Agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2019-04-12 Revised:2019-05-28 Online:2019-10-15 Published:2019-11-07
  • Contact: Juncang Qi

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Abstract:

In order to determine the optimal mowing stages for spring barley as a silage in Xinjiang, the experiment was carried out to determine the effects of mowing stages (heading stage, filling stage, filling for 10 days, dough stage) on dry matter yield, nutritive value, and fermentation quality of 3 spring barley cultivars (lines). The results showed that dry matter yield and dry matter content of barley significantly increased with Kenpimai13 and P13-3. Hay yield of P13-3 mowed at dough stage was the highest which reached the maximum of 14 731.46kg/hm 2. The contents of crude protein and crude fat decreased and the contents of neutral detergent fiber in Kenpimai13 and P13-3 increased gradually with the delay of moving. The contents of lactic acid, acetic acid and butyric acid decreased after barley stage. The fermentation quality of Kenpimai13 and P13-3 of filling for 10 days was significantly higher than that at heading stage and filling stage. Therefore, in consideration of yield and quality, the best silage cutting time of spring barley in Xinjiang was filling for 10 days.

Key words: Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), Mowing stage, Yield, Quality

Table 1

Agronomic traits of barley at different mowing stages"

品种(系)
Cultivar (line)		 刈割期
Mowing stage		 日期(月/日)
Date (Month/day)		 株高(cm)
Plant height		 茎比例(%)
Stem proportion		 叶比例(%)
Leaf proportion		 穗比例(%)
Ear proportion
垦啤麦13 抽穗期Heading stage 5/29 82.93±0.95b 33.96±0.83bc 55.83±0.70a 10.21±0.13f
Kenpimai13 灌浆期Filling stage 6/4 105.97±3.07a 34.36±1.64bc 37.92±0.95c 27.71±0.69e
灌浆10d Filling for 10 days 6/14 107.40±3.12a 22.85±1.30d 17.04±1.32h 60.11±2.59b
蜡熟期Dough stage 6/26 107.40±1.15a 19.92±1.11e 13.89±1.64i 66.19±0.95a
P13-3 抽穗期Heading stage 5/24 69.87±3.81d 36.17±0.17ab 52.20±0.14b 11.63±0.03f
灌浆期Filling stage 6/1 83.00±3.06b 37.80±1.69a 34.06±0.92d 28.14±0.76e
灌浆10d Filling for 10 days 6/10 83.17±3.15b 23.97±3.53d 24.04±0.45f 51.99±3.19c
蜡熟期Dough stage 6/23 83.83±1.50b 16.33±1.25f 16.31±1.24h 67.36±2.43a
甘啤4号 抽穗期Heading stage 5/31 78.37±2.76c 35.06±1.23ab 54.84±1.04a 10.09±0.19f
Ganpi4 灌浆期Filling stage 6/4 87.20±1.95b 36.13±0.99ab 35.85±0.56d 28.02±0.44e
灌浆10d Filling for 10 days 6/14 86.63±1.97b 31.32±2.25c 27.90±1.85e 40.78±4.06d
蜡熟期Dough stage 6/26 83.20±2.74b 15.11±1.96f 19.61±1.09g 65.28±0.87a

Table 2

Yields of fresh grass and hay yield and dry matter content of barley at different mowing stages"

品种(系)
Cultivar (line)		 刈割期
Mowing stage		 鲜草产量(kg/hm2)
Fresh grass yield		 干草产量(kg/hm2)
Hay yield		 干物质含量(%)
Dry matter content
垦啤麦13 抽穗期Heading stage 25 070.65±817.28ef 5 142.19±139.47g 20.52±0.58h
Kenpimai13 灌浆期Filling stage 29 844.75±697.53bc 6 991.20±36.77e 23.43±0.53g
灌浆10d Filling for 10 days 28 964.61±1058.47c 12 016.03±1125.55bc 41.44±2.50d
蜡熟期Dough stage 22 590.26±567.66g 12 857.20±118.60b 56.93±0.97b
P13-3 抽穗期Heading stage 24 007.09±372.77f 5 375.00±184.21fg 22.39±0.51gh
灌浆期Filling stage 26 057.48±1006.80de 7 051.72±477.87e 27.06±1.59f
灌浆10d Filling for 10 days 31 418.33±1149.33a 11 271.44±132.78c 35.90±0.88e
蜡熟期Dough stage 24 297.20±1044.26f 14 731.46±1322.36a 60.55±3.07a
甘啤4号 抽穗期Heading stage 26 830.93±666.24d 5 405.29±417.59fg 20.16±1.75h
Ganpi4 灌浆期Filling stage 26 617.57±877.71d 6 218.21±170.51ef 23.37±0.49i
灌浆10d Filling for 10 days 30 511.52±977.77ab 10 146.28±593.01d 33.24±1.31e
蜡熟期Dough stage 19 843.16±277.17h 10 078.76±524.10d 50.78±2.00c

Table 3

The hay quality of barley at different mowing stages"

品种(系)
Cultivar (line)		 刈割期
Mowing stage		 中性洗涤纤维(%)
Neutral detergent fiber		 酸性洗涤纤维(%)
Acid detergent fiber		 粗蛋白(%)
Crude protein		 粗脂肪(%)
Crude fat		 粗灰分(%)
Crude ash		 相对饲用价值
Relative feeding value
垦啤麦13 抽穗期Heading stage 56.26±2.34e 24.24±1.82bcd 11.60±1.09ab 4.46±0.17a 6.98±0.28bc 110.86±1.25b
Kenpimai13 灌浆期Filling stage 57.76±1.87e 24.00±1.29bcd 7.50±0.57c 3.02±0.16c 7.29±0.04ab 113.14±3.81b
灌浆10d Filling for 10 days 59.96±3.14de 20.47±2.49e 4.78±0.23f 2.96±0.14c 4.69±0.37fg 113.49±9.06b
蜡熟期Dough stage 60.84±1.01de 28.83±1.14a 4.47±0.10f 1.93±0.34d 4.47±0.46g 101.60±1.43cd
P13-3 抽穗期Heading stage 60.54±1.27de 21.05±2.56de 12.03±0.57a 4.75±0.44a 7.50±0.05ab 111.47±4.98b
灌浆期Filling stage 60.34±3.76de 22.39±2.78cde 7.52±0.27c 3.34±0.11bc 6.34±0.10de 110.29±3.41b
灌浆10d Filling for 10 days 68.30±1.11a 21.65±3.33cde 6.28±0.38de 2.96±0.03c 6.15±0.56e 98.15±4.50d
蜡熟期Dough stage 67.29±0.57ab 19.78±1.10e 5.38±0.28ef 2.34±0.15d 5.91±0.23e 101.59±1.35cd
甘啤4号 抽穗期Heading stage 62.47±1.54cd 21.11±0.85de 10.77±1.10b 4.43±0.60a 6.70±0.30cd 107.92±1.82bc
Ganpi4 灌浆期Filling stage 54.49±0.95f 21.99±0.45cde 7.38±1.28cd 3.65±0.14b 7.73±0.18a 122.55±2.73a
灌浆10d Filling for 10 days 63.99±1.51c 25.46±0.98b 5.46±0.39ef 2.92±0.05c 5.94±0.23e 100.45±3.35d
蜡熟期Dough stage 65.40±1.21bc 28.64±1.52a 5.08±0.46ef 2.33±0.17d 5.02±0.23f 94.72±1.14d

Table 4

The fermentation quality of barley at different moving stages"

品种(系)
Cultivar (line)		 刈割期
Mowing stage		 pH 氨态氮(%)
NH3-N		 乳酸(%)
Lactic acid		 乙酸(%)
Acetic acid		 丙酸(%)
Propionic acid		 丁酸(%)
Butyric acid		 V-评分
V-Score
垦啤麦13
Kenpimai13		 抽穗期
Heading stage		 3.85±0.02i 1.65±0.11h 1.52±0.39bc 0.57±0.11de 0.28±0.04abc 0.92±0.17a 50.55±0.93f
灌浆期
Filling stage		 4.16±0.08gh 3.70±0.10b 0.75±0.16bcd 0.94±0.18bc 0.43±0.30a 0.01±0.02c 88.38±6.82e
灌浆10d
Filling for 10 days		 4.36±0.04fg 3.00±0.09de 0.33±0.12d 0.44±0.11e 0.47±0.03a 0.05±0.09c 94.58±0.41abc
蜡熟期
Dough stage		 5.15±0.05c 0.91±0.08ij 0.17±0.05d 0.46±0.02e 0.19±0.01bc 0.00±0.00c 95.66±0.70abc
P13-3 抽穗期
Heading stage		 3.76±0.19e 4.06±0.11a 2.81±1.06a 0.55±0.15de 0.08±0.03c 0.41±0.57b 89.26±6.22de
灌浆期
Filling stage		 4.19±0.13gh 3.45±0.21c 1.51±0.49bc 0.79±0.13cd 0.22±0.13bc 0.00±0.00c 93.79±0.10abcd
灌浆10d
Filling for 10 days		 5.06±0.13cd 3.16±0.31d 1.08±0.71bcd 0.47±0.06e 0.11±0.14c 0.00±0.00c 97.08±1.03ab
蜡熟期
Dough stage		 5.64±0.28a 1.02±0.16i 0.27±0.08d 0.35±0.11e 0.07±0.01c 0.00±0.00c 98.33±0.74a
甘啤4号
Ganpi4		 抽穗期
Heading stage		 4.17±0.03gh 2.14±0.12g 1.62±0.33b 1.17±0.13ab 0.08±0.07c 0.05±0.05c 92.62±2.27bcde
灌浆期
Filling stage		 4.18±0.04gh 2.84±0.04e 0.78±0.22bcd 0.92±0.24bc 0.40±0.08ab 0.00±0.00c 92.33±2.14bcde
灌浆10d
Filling for 10 days		 4.87±0.09de 2.38±0.11f 1.27±0.21bc 0.44±0.05e 0.21±0.10bc 0.00±0.00c 96.47±1.03abc
蜡熟期
Dough stage		 5.38±0.11b 0.80±0.05ij 0.25±0.04d 0.58±0.08de 0.11±0.03c 0.00±0.00c 96.58±1.12ab
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