Crops ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 66-72.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.03.011

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Comprehensive Analysis of Main Agronomic Traits of Summer Sowing Soybean Varieties (Lines) in Huang-Huai-Hai Region

Chang Shihao, Yang Qingchun, Shu Wentao, Li Jinhua, Li Qiong, Zhang Baoliang, Zhang Donghui, Geng Zhen()   

  1. Zhoukou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhoukou 466001, Henan, China
  • Received:2019-12-13 Revised:2020-03-02 Online:2020-06-15 Published:2020-06-10
  • Contact: Zhen Geng E-mail:gengzhen0616@163.com

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Abstract:

A total of 12 important agronomic traits from the 60 summer sowing soybean varieties (lines) was tested in Huang-Huai-Hai region. The result of the statistical analysis showed that the average yield and the crude protein content of middle group varieties (lines) was the highest. The coefficient of variation of effective branch number was the highest and the coefficient of variation of growth period was the lowest. The results of the correlation analysis showed that yield had extremely significant positive correlation with effective pod number per plant, seed number per plant and seed weight per plant, but negative correlation with number of the main stem nodes. The 100-seed weight had a negative correlation with plant height, number of the main stem nodes, effective pod number per plant and seed number per plant. The crude protein content was negatively corelated with crude fat content. The result of principal component analysis showed that 12 important agronomic traits were extracted into 4 principal components and their cumulative contribution rate was 76.78%. The result of cluster analysis showed that the 60 varieties (lines) were divided into 2 groups, and each group was divided into 2 subgroups. The 60 varieties (lines) were not distinguishable due to the region of the north, middle and south group, indicated that the genetic backgrounds of soybean varieties (lines) in the Huang-Huai-Hai region were similar.

Key words: Soybean, Agronomic trait, Principal component analysis, Cluster analysis

Table 1

Variable coefficient of major agronomic traits in summer soybean in Huang-Huai-Hai region"

性状Trait 北组North group 中组Middle group 南组South group
平均数±标准差
Mean±SD		 变异范围
Range		 变异系数
CV(%)		 平均数±标准差
Mean±SD		 变异范围
Range		 变异系数
CV(%)		 平均数±标准差
Mean±SD		 变异范围
Range		 变异系数
CV(%)
产量** Yield (kg/hm2) 2 735.8±8.8Bc 2 442.0~2 961.0 0.05 2 961.8±10.9Aa 2 730.0~3 367.5 0.06 2 858.0±9.7ABb 2 515.5~3 462.0 0.05
生育期** Growth period (d) 107.5±1.8Bb 105.0~110.0 0.02 112.1±1.3Aa 109.9~114.7 0.01 102.8±2.3Cc 98.0~107.0 0.02
株高** Plant height (cm) 90.5±19.2Aa 67.9~133.1 0.21 84.5±15.6Aa 64.1~117.0 0.18 68.4±12.0Bb 46.6~105.2 0.17
底荚高度Lowest pow height (cm) 18.7±3.8 13.2~27.5 0.20 16.3±2.4 12.9~21.0 0.14 17.1±2.4 12.6~23.0 0.14
主茎节数**
Number of main stem nodes		 18.3±2.4Aa 14.8~22.8 0.13 16.7±2.0ABb 13.5~20.3 0.12 15.3±1.4Bc 12.9~19.7 0.09
有效分枝数
Number of effective branches		 1.9±0.7 1.0~3.6 0.34 2.1±0.7 1.0~3.3 0.33 2.0±0.5 1.1~2.9 0.26
单株有效荚数*
Number of effective pods per plant		 45.6±4.5a 40.5~55.0 0.10 42.7±7.3ab 33.8~56.1 0.17 41.5±5.8b 32.3~54.5 0.14
单株粒数Number of seeds per plant 92.8±9.3 80.1~115.1 0.10 87.5±11.5 73.4~109.8 0.13 83.0±10.7 63.0~104.5 0.13
单株粒重**
Seed weight per plant (g)		 18.7±1.9Aa 16.2~23.0 0.10 17.9±1.7ABa 14.9~20.7 0.10 16.8±1.3Bb 14.1~19.5 0.08
百粒重100-seed weight (g) 21.6±1.9 18.9~24.9 0.09 21.9±2.7 16.7~27.3 0.12 21.3±2.3 16.1~24.9 0.11
粗蛋白含量**
Crude protein content (%)		 41.0±2.0Bb 38.1~44.1 0.05 42.2±1.6Bb 39.7~44.8 0.04 43.7±1.7Aa 39.3~46.7 0.04
粗脂肪含量Crude fat content (%) 20.4±1.3 17.7~21.9 0.06 19.8±1.4 17.1~22.1 0.07 19.4±1.1 17.1~22.1 0.06

Table 2

Correlation coefficient of the main agronomical traits in summer soybean varieties (lines) planted in Huang-Huai-Hai region"

性状
Trait		 产量
Yield		 生育期
Growth
period		 株高
Plant
height		 底荚高度
Lowest pow
height		 主茎节数
Number of main stem nodes		 有效分枝数
Number of effective
branches		 单株有效荚数
Number of effective pods
per plant		 单株粒数
Number of seeds per plant		 单株粒重
Seed
weight
per plant		 百粒重
100-seed
weight		 粗蛋白含量
Crude
protein
content		 粗脂肪
含量
Crude fat
content
产量 -1
生育期 -0.21 -1
株高 -0.17 -0.60** -1
底荚高度 -0.21 -0.05 -0.35** -1
主茎节数 -0.26* -0.50** -0.93** -0.36** -1
有效分枝 -0.03 -0.02 -0.03 -0.17 -0.05 -1
单株有效荚数 -0.28* -0.26* -0.36** -0.07 -0.39** -0.27* -1
单株粒数 -0.32* -0.30* -0.43** -0.11 -0.44** -0.15 -0.91** -1
单株粒重 -0.43** -0.32* -0.16 -0.13 -0.13 -0.08 -0.53** -0.58** -1
百粒重 -0.06 -0 -0.28* -0.03 -0.32* -0.11 -0.61** -0.65** -0.19 -1
粗蛋白含量 -0.01 -0.46** -0.55** -0.02 -0.54** -0.04 -0.36** -0.45** -0.24 -0.30* -1
粗脂肪含量 -0.09 -0.16 -0.38** -0.23 -0.34** -0.03 -0.21 -0.27* -0.02 -0.35** -0.68** 1

Table 3

The testing results of the KMO and Bartlett for 12 main agronomic traits"

检验方法Testing method 项目Item 数值Value
KMO取样适切性量数KMO quantity of sample suitability 0.62
Bartlett检验Bartlett testing 近似卡方The approximate chi-square 545.61
自由度Degree of freedom 66.00
显著性Significance 0.00

Table 4

The total variance explained of the principle component"

成分
Component		 初始特征值Initial eigenvalue 提取载荷平方和Extract the sum of the squares of the loads
总计
Total		 方差百分比
Variance percentage (%)		 累计
Accumulative total (%)		 总计
Total		 方差百分比
Variance percentage (%)		 累计
Accumulative total (%)
1 4.27 35.56 35.56 4.27 35.56 35.56
2 2.06 17.17 52.73 2.06 17.17 52.73
3 1.60 13.31 66.04 1.60 13.31 66.04
4 1.29 10.74 76.78 1.29 10.74 76.78
5 0.97 8.04 84.82
6 0.71 5.90 90.71
7 0.44 3.67 94.38
8 0.29 2.45 96.83
9 0.21 1.73 98.56
10 0.10 0.80 99.36
11 0.05 0.43 99.78
12 0.03 0.22 100.00

Table 5

The eigenvectors of 4 main components"

性状Trait 第1主成分
The first principal component		 第2主成分
The second principal component		 第3主成分
The third principal component		 第4主成分
The fourth principal component
产量Yield 0.03 0.36 0.11 -0.23
生育期Growth period 0.14 -0.05 0.24 -0.34
株高Plant height 0.19 -0.23 0.11 0.01
底荚高度Lowest pow height 0.04 -0.17 0.35 0.43
主茎节数Number of main stem nodes 0.18 -0.24 0.09 0.09
有效分枝数Number of effective branches 0.03 0.16 -0.17 0.13
单株有效荚数Number of effective pods per plant 0.18 0.23 -0.04 0.23
单株粒数Number of seeds per plant 0.20 0.21 -0.02 0.18
单株粒重Seed weight per plant 0.10 0.26 0.34 -0.12
百粒重100-seed weight -0.13 -0.06 0.37 -0.32
粗蛋白含量Crude protein content -0.17 0.10 0.10 0.31
粗脂肪含量Crude fat content 0.12 -0.11 -0.34 -0.32

Fig.1

Cluster analysis of the 60 soybean varieties (lines) based on 12 agronomic traits (left) and comprehensive principal component analysis scores (right)"

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