Crops ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6): 143-150.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.06.021

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Application Effect of Slow-Released Formulated Fertilizer on Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) under Late Sowing Rice

Lü Weisheng(), Xiao Xiaojun, Huang Tianbao, Xiao Guobin, Li Yazhen, Xiao Fuliang, Han Depeng, Zheng Wei()   

  1. Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil/Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Red Soil Arable Land Conservation/Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation in Jiangxi, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanchang 330046, Jiangxi, China
  • Received:2020-03-27 Revised:2020-07-16 Online:2020-12-15 Published:2020-12-09
  • Contact: Zheng Wei E-mail:1162499181@qq.com;zw07917043299@163.com

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Abstract:

The rapeseed undersowing rice cultivation model is effective for double cropping rice in the winter fallow field. Field experiments covering two rape seasons (2016-2017 and 2017-2018) were conducted to explore the yields, fertilizer use efficiency and economic benefit affected by slow-released formulated fertilizer (N 25%, P2O5 7%, K2O 8%, and other mid-nutrient and micro-nutrient 5%, respectively) on rapeseed undersowing late rice, and thus to provide a reference for simplified fertilization of intercropping rapeseed. The results showed that both the application of formulated fertilizer and conventional fertilizer on rapeseed undersowing late rice with residues retention could significantly increase the yield and economic benefits. Compared with conventional fertilizer application, one-off base fertilization application of formulated fertilizer technology could ensure stable or increase seed yield and improved economic benefit, while reduced the total amount of nutrients significantly. Significant linear plus platform correlations had been shown between seed yield and slow-released formula quantity. Proper fertilizer increased yield and economic benefits significantly, with high fertilizer use efficiency due to higher plant density and sufficient pod number. On the whole, it could be calculated that the optimal quantity of slow-released formulated fertilizer for rapeseed undersowing late rice was 645 to 715kg/hm2 to target yield of 1 500 to 1 800kg/hm2.

Key words: Slow-released formulated fertilizer, Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), Undersowing rice, Seed yield, Economic benefit, Fertilizer use efficiency

Fig.1

Monthly temperature and rainfall during oilseed rape growth season"

Table 1

Effects of different fertilization treatments on seed yield of oilseed rape cultivars"

品种Cultivar 施肥处理Treatment 籽粒产量Seed yield (kg/hm2) 增产量Increase of seed yield (kg/hm2) 增产率Rate of yield increase (%)
丰油730 NF 447.72±41.96b - -
Fengyou 730 CF 1 554.17±82.30a 1 106.44±61.74a 248.47±21.16a
FF 1 633.89±82.07a 1 186.17±47.91a 266.10±20.06a
圣光127 NF 479.72±38.16b - -
Shengguang 127 CF 1 568.11±90.60a 1 088.39±78.29a 228.24±29.37a
FF 1 627.39±66.70a 1 147.67±50.27a 240.23±21.15a

Table 2

Effects of different fertilization treatments on fertilizer use efficiency of oilseed rape"

品种
Cultivar		 施肥处理
Treatment		 肥料贡献率
Fertilizer contribution rate (%)		 肥料农学利用率
Fertilizer agronomic efficiency (kg/kg)		 肥料偏生产力
Fertilizer partial factor productivity (kg/kg)
丰油730 CF 70.20±2.06a 3.21±0.18b 4.50±0.24b
Fengyou 730 FF 72.63±1.49a 4.49±0.21a 6.19±0.31a
圣光127 CF 69.37±2.75a 3.15±0.23b 4.55±0.21b
Shengguang 127 FF 70.53±1.83a 4.35±0.39a 6.16±0.25a

Table 3

Effects of different fertilization treatments on economic benefits of oilseed rape"

品种
Cultivar		 施肥处理
Treatment		 产值(元/hm2)
Income
(yuan/hm2)		 施肥成本(元/hm2)
Cost of fertilization (yuan/hm2)		 经济效益(元/hm2)
Economic benefit
(yuan/hm2)		 产投比
Input-output
ratio
肥料成本Fertilizer 施肥用工Labour 合计Total
丰油730 NF 2 462.47 - - - - -
Fengyou 730 CF 8 547.92 2 025.00 1 050.00 3 075.00 3 010.44 1.98
FF 8 986.39 1 782.00 450.00 2 232.00 4 291.92 2.92
圣光127 NF 2 638.47 - - - - -
Shengguang 127 CF 8 624.61 2 025.00 1 050.00 3 075.00 2 911.14 1.79
FF 8 950.64 1 782.00 450.00 2 232.00 4 080.17 2.71

Table 4

Effects of different fertilization treatments on seed yield and its components of oilseed rape"

品种
Cultivar		 施肥量
Fertilizer
(kg/hm2)		 收获密度
Harvesting density
(×104/hm2)		 每株角果数
Pod number
per plant		 每角粒数
Seed number
per pod		 千粒重
1000-seed
weight (g)		 籽粒产量
Seed yield
(kg/hm2)
丰油730 0 29.58±2.60d 35.74±3.71d 13.87±1.28c 3.48±0.22a 538.50±49.65e
Fengyou 730 300 37.92±3.15c 49.11±4.49c 15.36±1.02bc 3.54±0.32a 961.58±87.90d
450 44.17±1.91b 57.50±2.85b 17.27±0.86a 3.51±0.17a 1 324.58±65.63c
600 48.75±3.31ab 63.78±3.60ab 17.55±0.99ab 3.60±0.20a 1 598.08±97.29ab
750 52.08±3.15a 66.88±3.36a 17.78±0.89a 3.39±0.17a 1 738.50±112.38a
900 49.58±1.91ab 60.45±2.59ab 18.02±0.77a 3.47±0.15a 1 559.67±66.85b
阳光131 0 33.33±2.60c 29.98±3.46d 12.94±1.49b 3.53±0.30a 503.83±58.12e
Yangguang 131 300 40.83±3.15b 48.68±5.61c 14.98±1.11ab 3.59±0.27a 936.17±69.41d
450 49.17±2.89a 53.75±2.41bc 15.87±0.71a 3.56±0.16a 1 285.75±57.55c
600 52.08±4.12a 59.28±3.48ab 16.76±0.98a 3.64±0.21a 1 542.08±90.44ab
750 55.42±5.19a 62.21±4.50a 16.98±0.96a 3.47±0.20a 1 662.33±104.01a
900 51.25±3.75a 57.14±2.16ab 16.49±0.62a 3.58±0.17a 1 456.00±55.12b

Fig.2

Effects of application rate of the slow-released formula fertilizer on seed yield of oilseed rape"

Table 5

Correlation coefficients and path coefficients between grain yield and yield components of oilseed rape"

产量因素
Yield component		 相关系数Correlation coefficient 对Y直接通径系数
Direct effect to Y
X2 X3 X4 产量Yield (Y)
收获密度Plant density (X1) 0.705* 0.841** 0.012 -0.958** 0.463
每株角果数Pod number per plant (X2) 0.967** -0.093 -0.979** 0.301
每角粒数Seed number (X3) -0.164 -0.931** 0.258
千粒重1000-seed weight (X4) -0.094 -0.029

Table 6

Effects of application rate of the slow-released formula fertilizer on fertilizer use efficiency of oilseed rape"

品种
Cultivar		 施肥量
Fertilizer
(kg/hm2)		 肥料贡献率
Fertilizer contribution
rate (%)		 肥料农学利用率
Fertilizer agronomic
efficiency (kg/kg)		 肥料偏生产力
Fertilizer partial factor
productivity (kg/kg)
丰油730 300 43.87±4.63c 3.53±0.61bc 8.01±0.43a
Fengyou 730 450 59.34±3.29b 4.37±0.34a 7.36±0.66ab
600 66.16±5.05a 4.41±0.54a 6.66±0.38b
750 68.88±4.43a 4.03±0.51ab 5.82±0.29c
900 65.35±4.56a 2.84±0.31c 4.33±0.19d
阳光131 300 46.28±2.77c 3.59±0.24b 7.78±0.58a
Yangguang 131 450 60.65±5.95b 4.34±0.62a 7.14±0.42ab
600 67.34±3.26ab 4.33±0.32a 6.43±0.38b
750 69.51±5.12a 3.86±0.49ab 5.54±0.31c
900 65.36±4.27ab 2.64±0.22c 4.04±0.15d

Table 7

Effects of application rate of the slow-released formula fertilizer on economic benefits of oilseed rape"

品种
Cultivar		 施肥量
Fertilizer
(kg/hm2)		 产值(元/hm2)
Income
(yuan/hm2)		 施肥成本(元/hm2)
Cost of fertilization
(yuan/hm2)		 毛利润(元/hm2)
Gross profit
(yuan/hm2)		 施肥净利润(元/hm2)
Net profits of fertilization
(yuan/hm2)		 产投比
Input-output
ratio
丰油730 0 2 961.75 0.00 2 961.75
Fengyou 730 300 5 288.71 810.00 4 478.71 1 516.96 1.87
450 7 285.21 1 215.00 6 070.21 3 108.46 2.56
600 8 789.46 1 620.00 7 169.46 4 207.71 2.60
750 9 561.75 2 025.00 7 536.75 4 575.00 2.26
900 8 578.17 2 430.00 6 148.17 3 186.42 1.51
阳光131 0 2 771.08 0.00 2 771.08 - -
Yangguang 131 300 5 148.92 810.00 4 338.92 1 567.83 1.94
450 7 071.63 1 215.00 5 856.63 3 085.54 2.52
600 8 481.46 1 620.00 6 861.46 4 090.38 2.54
750 9 142.83 2 025.00 7 117.83 4 346.75 2.15
900 8 008.00 2 430.00 5 578.00 2 806.92 1.36
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