Crops ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 120-125.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2017.06.020

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Study on the Pattern of Maize/Brassica juncea var. integlifolia Intercropping in Alpine Regions

Li Hong1,Li Mengjiao2,Wang Yuchao1,Wang Ruijun1,Zhang Xuli1   

  1. 1High Latitude Crops Institute,Shanxi Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Datong 037000,Shanxi,China
    2College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A & F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China;
  • Received:2017-08-08 Revised:2017-10-13 Online:2017-12-15 Published:2018-08-26

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Abstract:

Maize/Brassica juncea var. integlifolia intercropping is a new type of planting pattern in alpine regions of Shanxi Province. In order to obtain the maximum yields and economic benefits, a cultivation experimental plot test (community test) and field demonstration experiment (large scale planting experiment) of maize and Brassica juncea var. integlifolia intercropping were carried out during 2013-2016. The results showed that the five treatments had different effects on the agronomic traits and yields of maize except for the ear rows and yields of Brassica juncea var. integlifolia. The optimum pattern was T3 treatment which had the densities of 67 500 plants/hm 2 for maize and 60 000 plants/hm 2 for Brassica juncea var. integlifolia, and the rows spacing was 13.5cm/110cm and 30cm/55cm, respectively. In the scale cultivation experiment, compared with other treatments, the net income of T3 was the highest.

Key words: Maize, Brassica juncea var. integlifolia, Intercropping, Yield, Economic benefits

Table 1

Experiment design"

处理
Treatment		 种植密度(株/hm2)
Planting density (plant/hm2)		 行距(cm)
Row spacing		 株距(cm)
Plant spacing
T1 52 500 110 17.3
T2 60 000 110 15.2
T3 67 500 110 13.5
T4 75 000 110 12.1
T5 82 500 110 11.0

Table 2

Effects of different planting densities on yield and agronomic traits of maize and yield of Brassica juncea var. integlifolia"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 株高
(cm)
Plant
height		 穗位高(cm)
Ear
height		 茎粗
(cm)
Stem
diameter		 穗长
(cm)
Ear
length		 穗粗
(cm)
Ear
diameter		 秃尖长
(cm)
Barren
tip length		 穗行数
No. of
ear rows		 行粒数
No. of
row grain		 千粒重(g)
1000-grain
weight		 出子率(%)
Grain rate		 玉米产量
(kg/hm2)
Maize yield		 高菜产量
(kg/hm2)
Brassica
junceayield
2013 T1 282.51a 105.10a 2.29a 19.37bc 4.67a 1.47c 15.07a 39.72ab 337.89ab 85.71a 9 566.67bc 79 000.00a
T2 281.77a 104.64a 2.23ab 19.77a 4.66a 2.03b 15.06a 40.26a 336.99ab 85.72a 11 050.00ab 76 433.33a
T3 281.01a 103.69ab 2.19b 19.70a 4.71a 2.11b 15.08a 39.35ab 345.68a 85.51ab 12 150.00a 74 533.33a
T4 279.98a 102.20ab 2.21b 19.63ab 4.69a 2.34a 14.89a 38.81bc 338.72ab 83.93b 10 383.33abc 74 916.67a
T5 274.06b 100.88ab 2.03c 19.18c 4.58b 2.52a 14.45a 37.75c 332.26b 82.32c 9 033.33c 74 000.00a
2014 T1 283.61a 105.39a 2.36a 19.69ab 4.70ab 1.12d 15.18a 41.65a 344.39a 85.71a 9 733.33cd 77 116.67a
T2 282.79a 106.34a 2.34ab 19.55ab 4.75ab 1.59c 15.12a 40.63ab 342.35a 85.75a 11 400.00ab 75 716.67a
T3 281.74ab 104.90a 2.25abc 19.99a 4.78a 2.13b 15.16a 40.09ab 347.30a 85.18ab 12 466.67a 74 833.33a
T4 280.46ab 103.17ab 2.19bc 19.74ab 4.70ab 2.40a 15.05a 39.74b 348.91a 83.60b 10 800.00bc 73 900.00a
T5 275.32b 98.57b 2.15c 19.06b 4.66b 2.46a 14.83a 38.87b 331.65b 83.23b 9 116.67d 74 633.33a

Table 3

Comparisons of difference on yield and agronomic traits of maize"

项目Item 株高(cm)
Plant height		 穗位高(cm)
Ear height		 茎粗(cm)
Stem
diameter		 穗长(cm)
Ear length		 穗粗(cm)
Ear
diameter		 秃尖长(cm)
Barren tip length		 穗行数
No. of
ear rows		 行粒数
No. of
row grain		 千粒重(g)
1000-grain
weight		 出子率(%)
Grain rate		 产量
(kg/hm2)
Yield
平均值Average 280.32 103.49 2.22 19.57 4.69 2.02 14.99 39.56 340.61 84.67 10 570.00
标准偏差
Standard deviation		 3.88 3.12 0.11 0.38 0.06 0.47 0.47 1.07 7.17 1.47 1 371.67
变异系数
Coefficient of variation		 1.38 3.01 4.78 1.94 1.38 23.14 3.13 2.71 2.11 1.73 12.98
位次Rank 10 5 3 8 10 1 4 6 7 9 2.00

Table 4

Correlation analysis between yield and agronomic traits of maize"

项目
Item		 密度
Density (X0)		 株高
Plant height
(X1)		 穗位高
Ear height
(X2)		 茎粗
Stem diameter
(X3)		 穗长
Ear length
(X4)		 穗粗
Ear diameter
(X5)		 秃尖长
Barren tip length
(X6)		 穗行数
No.of ear rows
(X7)		 行粒数
No.of row grain
(X8)		 千粒重
1000-grain
weight
(X9)		 出子率
Grain rate
(X10)		 产量
Yield
(X11)
X0 1
X1 -0.697** 1
X2 -0.639** 0.518** 1
X3 -0.753** 0.643** 0.629** 1
X4 -0.299 0.259 0.358 0.374* 1
X5 -0.316 0.457* 0.494** 0.538** 0.475** 1
X6 0.907** -0.609** -0.514** -0.704** -0.137 -0.242 -1
X7 -0.333 0.380* 0.229 0.318 0.103 0.091 -0.250 1
X8 -0.640** 0.697** 0.492** 0.627** 0.192 0.484** -0.565** 0.346 1
X9 -0.285 0.382* 0.414* 0.287 0.449* 0.524** -0.198 0.312 0.467** 1
X10 -0.768** 0.553** 0.447* 0.681** 0.347 0.343 -0.636** 0.433* 0.578** 0.334 1
X11 -0.187 0.340 0.330 0.144 0.361* 0.565** -0.033 0.123 0.497** 0.620** 0.364* 1

Table 5

Grey correlation coefficient between yield and agronomic traits under different planting densities of maize"

项目 Item 处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant
height		 穗位高
Ear
height		 茎粗
Stem
diameter		 穗长
Ear
length		 穗粗
Ear
diameter		 秃尖长
Barren tip
length		 穗行数
No. of
ear rows		 行粒数
No. of
row grain		 千粒重
1000-grain
weight		 出子率
Grain rate		 产量
Yield
无量纲化处理 T1 0.8227 0.7401 1.1162 -0.1427 -0.0963 -1.5025 0.6576 0.7769 0.0960 0.7854 -0.7199
Dimensionless result T2 0.5885 0.8433 0.6727 0.3230 0.3482 -0.4323 0.4944 0.9152 -0.1721 0.8017 0.5125
T3 0.3167 0.3392 -0.0111 1.0124 1.1631 0.2140 0.6494 0.2028 1.0688 0.5108 1.3602
T4 -0.0323 -0.3375 -0.2883 0.4379 0.1630 0.7387 -0.1012 -0.3465 0.5821 -0.6753 0.0170
T5 -1.6957 -1.5850 -1.4895 -1.6305 -1.5780 0.9820 -1.7003 -1.5484 -1.5748 -1.4225 -1.1698
绝对差 T1 2.0876 2.0050 2.3811 1.1222 1.1686 0.2376 1.9225 2.0418 1.3609 2.0503 0.5450
Absolute difference T2 1.2210 1.4758 1.3052 0.9555 0.9807 0.2002 1.1269 1.5477 0.4604 1.4342 1.1450
T3 0.3167 0.3392 0.0111 1.0124 1.1631 0.2140 0.6494 0.2028 1.0688 0.5108 1.3602
T4 0.6648 0.9700 0.9208 0.1946 0.4695 0.1062 0.7337 0.9790 0.0504 1.3078 0.6155
T5 2.9606 2.8499 2.7544 2.8954 2.8429 0.2829 2.9652 2.8133 2.8397 2.6874 2.4347
关联系数 T1 0.4184 0.4283 0.3866 0.5734 0.5634 0.8684 0.4387 0.4238 0.5253 0.4228 0.7367
Correlation coefficient T2 0.5525 0.5049 0.5358 0.6127 0.6064 0.8876 0.5724 0.4929 0.7687 0.5121 0.5685
T3 0.8301 0.8199 1.0000 0.5987 0.5646 0.8804 0.7006 0.8863 0.5854 0.7493 0.5254
T4 0.6956 0.6090 0.6215 0.8906 0.7652 0.9401 0.6740 0.6068 0.9744 0.5353 0.7119
T5 0.3362 0.3448 0.3525 0.3412 0.3453 0.8460 0.3358 0.3477 0.3456 0.3582 0.3813

Table 6

Grey relational analysis between yield and agronomic traits under different planting densities of maize"

项目
Item		 株高
Plant
height		 穗位高
Ear
height		 茎粗
Stem
diameter		 穗长
Ear
length		 穗粗
Ear
diameter		 秃尖长
Barren tip
length		 穗行数
No. of ear
rows		 行粒数
No. of row
grain		 千粒重
1000-grain weight		 出子率
Grain rate		 产量
Yield
关联度
Relational grade		 0.5666 0.5414 0.5793 0.6033 0.5690 0.8845 0.5443 0.5515 0.6399 0.5155 0.5848
位次Rank 7 10 5 3 6 1 9 8 2 11 4

Table 7

Principle factor and the comprehensive score of factors"

处理
Treatment		 FAC1-1 FAC2-1 综合分值
Comprehensive score		 排序
Rank
T1 1.305 -0.635 0.422 3
T2 0.660 0.178 0.430 2
T3 -0.176 1.216 0.433 1
T4 -0.578 0.432 -0.122 4
T5 -1.212 -1.191 -1.163 5

Table 8

The economic benefits of maize/Brassica juncea var. integlifolia intercropping systems under scale cultivation experiment"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 产量Yield (kg/hm2) 收益(元/hm2)
Earnings
(yuan/hm2)
玉米
Maize		 高菜
Brassica juncea
2015 T1 9 189.5 76 383.5 52 895.0
T2 10 600.0 76 305.5 55 112.8
T3 11 829.0 75 019.5 56 436.2
T4 10 845.5 73 869.5 54 287.6
T5 8 547.0 73 835.5 50 593.0
CK1 11 954.0 - 19 126.4
CK2 - 78 932.0 39 466.0
2016 T1 9 313.5 76 940.5 53 371.9
T2 10 645.5 74 833.5 54 449.6
T3 11 697.5 73 634.0 55 533.0
T4 10 584.0 71 782.0 52 825.4
T5 8 774.5 70 887.5 49 483.0
CK1 12 278.5 - 19 645.6
CK2 - 78 528.5 39 264.3
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