Crops ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 130-137.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2018.06.020

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Effects of N, P and K Fertilization on Rapeseed Yield in Different Rotating Areas of Henan Province

Cai Dongfang,Wang Jianping,Zhang Shufen,He Junping,Cao Jinhua,Wen Yancheng,Zhao Lei,Wang Dongguo,Zhu Jiacheng   

  1. Industrial Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huanghuaihai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Genetic Improvement in Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
  • Received:2018-04-27 Revised:2018-08-16 Online:2018-12-15 Published:2018-12-06

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Abstract:

A “3414” fertilizer experiment was developed to determine the optimum fertilization proportions in various rotating areas of Henan Province. Winter rape variety Fengyou No.10 was used to investigate the N, P and K fertilizer effects on rapeseed yield, agronomy efficiency (AE), nutrient productivity and economic benefit. We then analyzed the recommended optimum fertilizer amounts in various rotating areas by the fertilizer efficiency models. In two rice-rape rotation regions in Huangchuan, the fertilizer formula N2P2K3 produced the highest yield and economic benefit which averaged 3 204.15kg/hm 2 and 13 485.5yuan/hm 2, respectively. The yield was increased by an average of 15.33, 22.20 and 22.17kg corresponding to per kilogram of N, P and K fertilizers, respectively. Therefore, N2P2K3 were the optimum fertilization rates in rice-rape rotation regions in Huangchuan. The fertilizer formula of the highest economic benefit in maize-rape rotation regions in Nanyang was N1P1K2 which produced an economic benefit of 12 599.4yuan/hm 2 and a yield of 2 801.4kg/hm 2. Compared with the highest yield fertilizer formula N2P3K2, the output value of N1P1K2 decreased by 875.3yuan/hm 2, but the economic benefit increased by 472.4yuan/hm 2. The yield was increased by an average of 4.05, 6.07 and 5.87kg corresponding to per kilogram of N, P and K fertilizers, respectively. In conclusion, the optimum fertilization rates in maize-rape rotation regions in Nanyang was N1P1K2. These two fertilization rates would bring about high yields and greate conomic benefit.

Key words: Brassi canapus, N,P and K fertilizer, Yield, Economic benefits

Table 1

Main physical and chemical properties of the soils in three trial points"

试验点
Trial point		 碱解氮
Available N
(mg/kg)		 速效磷
Available P
(mg/kg)		 速效钾
Available K
(mg/kg)		 有机质
Organic matter
(g/kg)
潢川1
Huangchuan 1		 133.50 12.89 58.44 20.35
潢川2
Huangchuan 2		 138.79 3.33 49.62 21.76
南阳
Nanyang		 125.57 42.86 142.23 20.50

Table 2

Designs of the “3414” fertilizer experiment kg/hm2"

处理
Treatment		 施氮量
N application rate		 施磷量
P2O5application rate		 施钾量
K2O application rate
N0P0K0 0 0 0
N0P2K2 0 120 120
N1P2K2 90 120 120
N2P0K2 180 0 120
N2P1K2 180 60 120
N2P2K2 180 120 120
N2P3K2 180 180 120
N2P2K0 180 120 0
N2P2K1 180 120 60
N2P2K3 180 120 180
N3P2K2 270 120 120
N1P1K2 90 60 120
N1P2K1 90 120 60
N2P1K1 180 60 60

Table 3

Effects of different N, P and K treatments on yield in Brassica napus"

处理
Treatment		 潢川1 Huangchuan 1 潢川2 Huangchuan 2 潢川平均值Average of Huangchuan 南阳Nanyang
产量Yield
(kg/hm2)		 增产率(%)
Increase rate		 产量Yield
(kg/hm2)		 增产率(%)
Increase rate		 产量Yield
(kg/hm2)		 增产率(%)
Increase rate		 产量Yield
(kg/hm2)		 增产率(%)
Increase rate
N0P0K0 265.20d - 200.10f - 232.65f - 1 875.90e -
N0P2K2 780.45d 194.29 690.30e 244.98 735.38e 216.09 1 951.05e 4.01
N1P2K2 2 646.30abc 897.85 1 975.95d 887.48 2 311.13d 893.39 2 051.10de 9.34
N2P0K2 825.45d 211.26 800.40e 300.00 812.93e 249.42 2 126.10cde 13.34
N2P1K2 2 846.40abc 973.30 2 681.40ab 1 240.03 2 763.90abcd 1 088.01 2 201.10bcde 17.34
N2P2K2 3 156.60ab 1 090.27 2 726.40ab 1 262.52 2 941.50ab 1 164.35 2 701.35abc 44.00
N2P3K2 3 256.65ab 1 128.00 2 816.40ab 1 307.50 3 036.53a 1 205.19 2 976.45a 58.67
N2P2K0 2 521.20bc 850.68 2 436.15cbd 1 117.47 2 478.68bcd 965.41 2 376.15abcde 26.67
N2P2K1 3 081.60ab 1 061.99 2 656.35abc 1 227.51 2 868.98abc 1 133.17 2 451.30abcde 30.67
N2P2K3 3 361.65a 1 167.59 3 046.65a 1 422.56 3 204.15a 1 277.24 2 626.35abcd 40.00
N3P2K2 3 266.70ab 1 131.79 2 776.35ab 1 287.48 3 021.53a 1 198.74 2 701.35abc 44.00
N1P1K2 2 551.35bc 862.05 1 990.95d 894.98 2 271.15d 876.21 2 801.40ab 49.34
N1P2K1 2 731.35abc 929.92 2 151.15cd 975.04 2 441.25cd 949.32 2 401.20abcde 28.00
N2P1K1 2 101.05c 692.25 2 591.25abc 1 194.98 2 346.15d 908.45 2 501.25abcde 33.34
平均Average 2 385.15 - 2 110.05 - 2 247.56 - 2 410.20 -

Table 4

The agronomic efficiency in different fertilizer treatments kg/kg"

处理
Treatment		 潢川1 Huangchuan 1 潢川2 Huangchuan 2 潢川平均值Average of Huangchuan 南阳Nanyang
N P2O5 K2O N P2O5 K2O N P2O5 K2O N P2O5 K2O
N0P0K0 - - - - - - - - - - - -
N0P2K2 - 4.29 4.29 - 4.09 4.09 - 4.19 4.19 - 0.63 0.63
N1P2K2 26.46 19.84 19.84 19.73 14.80 14.80 23.09 17.32 17.32 1.95 1.46 1.46
N2P0K2 3.11 - 4.67 3.34 - 5.00 3.22 - 4.84 1.39 - 2.09
N2P1K2 14.34 43.02 21.51 13.79 41.36 20.68 14.06 42.19 21.09 1.81 5.42 2.71
N2P2K2 16.06 24.10 24.10 14.04 21.05 21.05 15.05 22.57 22.57 4.59 6.88 6.88
N2P3K2 16.62 16.62 24.93 14.54 14.54 21.80 15.58 15.58 23.37 6.11 6.11 9.17
N2P2K0 12.53 18.80 - 12.42 18.63 - 12.48 18.72 - 2.78 4.17 -
N2P2K1 15.65 23.47 46.94 13.65 20.47 40.94 14.65 21.97 43.94 3.20 4.80 9.59
N2P2K3 17.20 25.80 17.20 15.81 23.72 15.81 16.51 24.76 16.51 4.17 6.25 4.17
N3P2K2 11.12 25.01 25.01 9.54 21.47 21.47 10.33 23.24 23.24 3.06 6.88 6.88
N1P1K2 25.40 38.10 19.05 19.90 29.85 14.92 22.65 33.98 16.99 10.28 15.43 7.71
N1P2K1 27.40 20.55 41.10 16.26 16.26 32.52 24.54 18.41 36.81 5.84 4.38 8.76
N2P1K1 10.20 30.60 30.60 13.28 39.85 39.85 11.74 35.23 35.23 3.47 10.42 10.42
平均Average 16.34 24.18 23.27 13.86 22.17 21.08 15.33 22.20 22.17 4.05 6.07 5.87

Fig.1

Trends of yield increase with different N treatments in Brassica napus"

Fig.2

Trends of yield increase with different P treatments in Brassica napus"

Fig.3

Trends of yield increase with different K treatments in Brassica napus"

Table 5

The nutrient productivity of yields in different fertilizer treatments"

处理
Treatment		 养分投入量(kg/hm2)
Nutrient input		 单位养分生产力Nutrient productivity (kg/kg) N:P2O5:K20
潢川1 Huangchuan 1 潢川2 Huangchuan 2 潢川平均值Average of Huangchuan 南阳Nanyang
N0P0K0 0 - - - - -
N0P2K2 240 3.3 2.9 3.1 8.1 0:1:1
N1P2K2 330 8.0 6.0 7.0 6.2 1:1.3:1.3
N2P0K2 300 2.8 2.7 2.7 7.1 1:0:0.67
N2P1K2 360 7.9 7.4 7.7 6.1 1:0.3:0.75
N2P2K2 420 7.5 6.5 7.0 6.4 1:0.67:0.67
N2P3K2 480 6.8 5.9 6.3 6.2 1:1:0.67
N2P2K0 300 8.4 8.1 8.3 7.9 1:0.67:0
N2P2K1 360 8.6 7.4 8.0 6.8 1:0.67:0.33
N2P2K3 480 7.0 6.3 6.7 5.5 1:0.67:1
N3P2K2 510 6.4 5.4 5.9 5.3 1:0.44:0.44
N1P1K2 270 9.4 7.4 8.4 10.4 1:0.67:1.33
N1P2K1 270 10.1 8.0 9.0 8.9 1:1.33:0.67
N2P1K1 300 7.0 8.6 7.8 8.3 1:0.33:0.33

"

处理Treatment 养分投入Nutrient input 油菜产值Output value 经济效益Economic benefit
潢川1 Huangchuan 1 潢川2 Huangchuan 2 潢川平均值
Average of Huangchuan		 南阳Nanyang 潢川1 Huangchuan 1 潢川2 Huangchuan 2 潢川平均值
Average of Huangchuan		 南阳Nanyang
N0P0K0 0 1 326.0 1 000.5 1 163.3 9 379.5 1 326.0 1 000.5 1 163.3 9 379.5
N0P2K2 1 560.0 3 902.3 3 451.5 3 676.9 9 755.3 2 342.3 1 891.5 2 116.9 8 195.3
N1P2K2 1 907.6 13 231.5 9 879.8 11 555.7 10 255.5 11 323.9 7 972.1 9 648.0 8 347.9
N2P0K2 1 255.3 4 127.3 4 002.0 4 064.7 10 630.5 2 872.0 2 746.7 2 809.4 9 375.2
N2P1K2 1 755.3 14 232.0 13 407.0 13 819.5 11 005.5 12 476.7 11 651.7 12 064.2 9 250.2
N2P2K2 2 255.3 15 783.0 13 632.0 14 707.5 13 506.8 13 527.7 11 376.7 12 452.2 11 251.5
N2P3K2 2 755.3 16 283.3 14 082.0 15 182.7 14 882.3 13 528.0 11 326.7 12 427.4 12 127.0
N2P2K0 1 695.3 12 606.0 12 180.8 12 393.4 11 880.8 10 910.7 10 485.5 10 698.1 10 185.5
N2P2K1 1 975.3 15 408.0 13 281.8 14 344.9 12 256.5 13 432.7 11 306.5 12 369.6 10 281.2
N2P2K3 2 535.3 16 808.3 15 233.3 16 020.8 13 131.8 14 273.0 12 698.0 13 485.5 10 596.5
N3P2K2 2 602.9 16 333.5 13 881.8 15 107.7 13 506.8 13 730.6 11 278.8 12 504.7 10 903.8
N1P1K2 1 407.6 12 756.8 9 954.8 11 355.8 14 007.0 11 349.1 8 547.1 9 948.1 12 599.4
N1P2K1 1 627.6 13 656.8 10 755.8 12 206.3 12 006.0 12 029.1 9 128.1 10 578.6 10 378.4
N2P1K1 1 475.3 10 505.3 12 956.3 11 730.8 12 506.3 9 030.0 11 481.0 10 255.5 11 031.0
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