Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 38-45.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.04.006

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Comprehensive Analysis of Main Traits of Newly Bred Wheat Varieties (Lines) in Southern Huang-Huai Region

Du Xiaoyu(), Li Nannan, Zou Shaokui, Wang Lina, Lü Yongjun, Zhang Qian, Li Shuncheng, Yang Guangyu, Han Yulin()   

  1. Zhoukou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhoukou 466001, Henan, China
  • Received:2020-12-31 Revised:2021-05-25 Online:2021-08-15 Published:2021-08-13
  • Contact: Han Yulin E-mail:du6536@126.com;hanyulin2005@126.com

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Abstract:

A total of thirty-nine winter wheat varieties (lines) tested in the national winter water section trial in the Southern Huang-Huai region in 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 were used as materials, and ten main traits of the tested wheat varieties (lines) were comprehensively evaluated by calculating the diversity index, cluster analysis, correlation analysis, and principal component analysis. The results showed the diversity indexes (H’) of the ten main traits were 1.56-2.01 with an average of 1.88. Among them, H’ of flour water absorption was the largest and H’ of dough stabilization time was the smallest. The coefficient of variation of dough stabilization time was the highest (71.93%). Principal component analysis classified ten traits into four principal components which could explain 73.76% of the trait information. At the Euclidean distance of 6.5, the 39 wheat varieties (lines) could be divided into five groups, each group had its own emphasis and high-quality wheat presents clustering characteristics. On the whole, the higher the comprehensive evaluation value (D) of the wheat variety, the better the comprehensive traits. The score of strong gluten wheat was higher than that of medium-strong gluten wheat, and the score of medium gluten wheat was relatively low. The wheat varieties (lines) in the Southern Huang-Huai region had high genetic diversity. Varieties (lines) such as Xinmai 45, Shannong 116, and Lunxuan 2000 with better comprehensive performance can be used as the preferred parents sources for wheat breeding.

Key words: Wheat trait, Cluster analysis, Principal component analysis, Comprehensive analysis

Table 1

Tested wheat varieties (lines)"

序号
Number		 品种（系）
Variety (line)		 亲本组合
Parent combination		 来源
Source		 序号
Number		 品种（系）
Variety (line)		 亲本组合
Parent combination		 来源
Source
1 中麦578 中麦255/济麦22 河南 21 中育1428 周麦22/洛麦22 河南
2 新麦45 新麦26/济麦20 河南 22 百农4199 百农高光3709F2/矮抗58 河南
3 山农116 W080068/石4185 山东 23 德研0516 周麦16/百农矮抗58 河南
4 驻麦762 04中36/矮抗58 河南 24 平安0658 周麦22号/洛麦21号 河南
5 瑞华1568 周麦16/瑞华麦523 江苏 25 中颖8号 周麦16/漯麦4号 河南
6 益科麦1506 6108（紫麦19）/淮麦25 安徽 26 濮麦1165 周麦18/郑育8号 河南
7 许研5号 周麦22/许科1号 河南 27 顺麦11号 周麦22/周麦24 河南
8 赛德麦601 周麦13/郑麦9023//周麦22 河南 28 创麦58 周16/郑366//新麦18 安徽
9 新农23 （周麦16/济麦22）F1//西农979 河南 29 LS018R 泰农18/临麦6号-RIL 山东
10 华成865 华成3366//（淮麦18/皖麦46）F5 安徽 30 金麦1号 （淮核0308/宿4002）/洛新998 安徽
11 丰韵麦5号 百农AK58/泛麦7030 河南 31 淮核15173 冬春轮回选择群体 江苏
12 民丰266 Mx001/05(16)-18 河南 32 西农733 西农509/漯麦7239 陕西
13 众麦166 百农207/中麦895 河南 33 豫农804 豫农202/许农5号//豫农202 河南
14 顺麦10号 兰（考）特早/内乡188//周麦22 河南 34 淮麦1403 淮麦28/淮麦25 江苏
15 豫农168 （周麦16/豫麦68）//CP1106 河南 35 轮选2000 矮败西农979/豫农416//西农9718 河南
16 轮选6号 济麦22/165-5Z 北京 36 淮麦1196 04346//洛麦23/05296 安徽
17 苑丰8号 亿麦6号//（漯麦4号/豫麦49-198）F3 河南 37 宝亮5号 豫麦52//（周麦16/cp11-06） 河南
18 涡麦77 莱137/周麦16号//AK58 安徽 38 郑麦22 周麦22/偃展4110//矮抗58 河南
19 厚德麦981 周麦16/才智97(5)-3 河南 39 科大1026 豫麦46×郑麦9405 河南
20 德研0518 周麦22/洛麦21号//新麦26 河南

Table 2

Variable and diversity index of main traits of wheat varieties (lines) in Southern Huang-Huai region"

性状Trait 年度Year 变异范围Range 平均值Mean 标准差SD 变异系数CV (%) 多样性指数H′
产量 2017-2018 6936.0~7411.5 7213.5 6.82 1.41 1.84
Yield (kg/hm2) 2018-2019 8710.5~9007.5 8848.5 5.76 0.97
均值 7837.5~8205.0 8025.0 5.63 1.05
穗数 2017-2018 541.5~636.0 583.5 1.59 4.08 1.95
Spike number (×104/hm2) 2018-2019 571.5~697.5 637.5 2.24 5.27
均值 556.5~663.0 610.5 1.89 4.46
穗粒数 2017-2018 27.7~35.0 31.2 1.43 4.58 1.88
Number of seeds per ear 2018-2019 28.8~37.9 34.1 1.89 5.54
均值 28.6~36.3 32.7 1.59 4.89
千粒重 2017-2018 38.1~49.1 44.6 2.57 5.76 1.93
1000-seed weight (g) 2018-2019 38.4~51.3 45.2 2.84 6.28
均值 39.3~50.1 44.9 2.66 5.93
株高 2017-2018 67.7~85.0 77.4 3.71 4.79 1.84
Plant height (cm) 2018-2019 74.0~90.6 81.9 3.58 4.37
均值 70.9~87.8 79.7 3.58 4.49
容重 2017-2018 760.0~839.0 803.0 14.23 1.77 1.83
Bulk density (g/L) 2018-2019 769.0~841.0 799.1 12.40 1.55
均值 764.5~840.0 801.1 12.58 1.57
蛋白质含量 2017-2018 13.8~17.8 15.3 0.87 5.70 1.98
Protein content (%) 2018-2019 12.7~16.3 14.2 0.68 4.77
均值 13.2~16.6 14.7 0.71 4.83
湿面筋含量 2017-2018 28.4~41.6 35.5 3.31 9.31 1.98
Wet gluten content (%) 2018-2019 27.6~35.9 32.3 2.23 6.91
均值 28.0~38.3 33.9 2.58 7.61
面粉吸水率 2017-2018 56.0~63.0 59.0 1.79 3.03 2.01
Flour water absorption (%) 2018-2019 52.0~63.0 57.6 2.28 3.96
均值 55.0~63.0 58.3 1.84 3.17
面团稳定时间 2017-2018 2.0~16.7 5.7 3.51 61.68 1.56
Dough stability time (min) 2018-2019 2.2~26.9 7.6 6.31 83.46
均值 2.4~20.0 6.6 4.76 71.93

Table 3

Correlation coefficients of main traits of 39 wheat varieties (lines)"

性状
Trait		 产量
Yield		 千粒重
1000-seed weight		 容重
Bulk density		 穗粒数
Number of
seeds per ear		 穗数
Spike
number		 株高
Plant height		 蛋白质含量
Protein content		 湿面筋含量
Wet gluten content		 面粉吸水率
Flour water absorption		 面团稳定时间Dough
stability time
产量Yield 1
千粒重1000-seed weight -0.11 1
容重Bulk density 0.39* -0.12 1
穗粒数Number of seeds per ear -0.13 -0.51** -0.21 1
穗数Spike number 0.47** -0.46** 0.47** -0.44** 1
株高Plant height 0.12 -0.05 0.01 0.08 -0.02 1
蛋白质含量Protein content -0.15 0.11 -0.27 -0.08 -0.06 -0.09 1
湿面筋含量Wet gluten content -0.34* 0.33* -0.46** 0.09 -0.56** 0.06 0.58** 1
面粉吸水率Flour water absorption -0.06 0.01 0.29 -0.13 0.17 -0.25 0.22 -0.02 1
面团稳定时间Dough stability time 0.11 -0.12 0.37* -0.32* 0.49** -0.22 0.23 -0.44** 0.34* 1

Fig.1

Cluster diagram of wheat varieties (lines) in Southern Huang-Huai region based on 10 main traits"

Table 4

Statistical analysis of mean main traits of wheat varieties (lines) in Southern Huang-Huai region"

性状
Trait		 类群Group
Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ
产量Yield (kg/hm2) 8001.0 7992.0 8101.5 8109.0 8053.5
穗数
Spike number (×104/hm2)		 595.5 591.0 637.5 640.5 649.5
千粒重
1000-seed weight (g)		 46.3 45.2 42.4 49.8 41.5
株高Plant height (cm) 80.3 78.1 81.9 79.1 76.7
穗粒数
Number of seeds per ear		 32.2 33.5 32.6 28.8 33.1
容重Bulk density (g/L) 792.2 799.1 810.5 824.3 800.8
蛋白质含量
Protein content (%)		 15.2 14.3 14.1 14.9 16.2
湿面筋含量
Wet gluten content (%)		 36.6 33.5 31.3 32.3 33.3
面团稳定时间
Dough stability time (min)		 4.5 4.8 7.9 15.8 12.4
面粉吸水率
Flour water absorption (%)		 57.1 59 57.4 60.5 60.7

Table 5

The trait values and matrix of four main components"

项目
Item		 性状
Trait		 第1
主成分
PC1		 第2
主成分
PC2		 第3
主成分
PC3		 第4
主成分
PC4
特征向量 产量 0.55 -0.22 -0.30 0.36
Eigenvector 穗数 -0.09 -0.42 -0.33 0.59
千粒重 0.86 0.05 0.04 0.29
株高 -0.35 -0.60 0.62 -0.03
穗粒数 -0.36 0.51 -0.70 -0.23
容重 0.73 0.01 -0.11 -0.09
蛋白质含量 -0.29 0.65 0.31 0.56
湿面筋含量 -0.79 0.33 0.01 0.32
面团稳定时间 0.28 0.56 0.36 -0.14
面粉吸水率 0.64 0.47 0.24 0.04
特征值Eigenvalue 3.03 1.90 1.37 1.08
方差百分率Variance percentage (%) 30.34 19.01 13.66 10.75
累计贡献率
Accumulative contribution rate (%)		 30.34 49.35 63.01 73.76
权重系数Weight coefficient (%) 41.13 25.77 18.52 14.57

Table 6

The main component score (y), normalized values (u) and comprehensive quality evaluation values (D-value) of 39 wheat varieties (lines)"

品种（系）Variety (line) y1 y2 y3 y4 u1 u2 u3 u4 D值D-value 排名Ranking
中麦578 Zhongmai 578 1.15 1.41 -0.47 0.83 0.74 0.93 0.06 0.46 0.62 6
新麦45 Xinmai 45 1.23 1.56 0.85 1.02 0.77 1.00 1.00 0.64 0.85 1
山农116 Shannong 116 1.76 0.58 0.27 0.73 0.98 0.51 0.59 0.36 0.69 3
驻麦762 Zhumai 762 0.54 0.06 0.76 0.57 0.50 0.24 0.94 0.22 0.47 12
瑞华1568 Ruihua 1568 1.10 -0.31 -0.32 0.95 0.72 0.06 0.17 0.57 0.42 18
益科麦1506 Yikemai 1506 0.61 -0.43 0.10 1.06 0.53 0.00 0.46 0.68 0.40 19
许研5号 Xuyan 5 -0.08 0.75 -0.16 0.86 0.26 0.59 0.28 0.48 0.38 22
赛德麦601 Saidemai 601 -0.25 0.62 -0.25 1.05 0.19 0.53 0.22 0.67 0.35 24
新农23 Xinnong 23 -0.63 0.76 -0.12 0.91 0.04 0.60 0.31 0.54 0.31 34
华成865 Huacheng 865 1.17 0.56 0.24 1.22 0.74 0.50 0.57 0.83 0.66 4
丰韵麦5号 Fengyunmai 5 1.47 0.00 -0.26 0.99 0.86 0.22 0.21 0.61 0.54 8
民丰266 Minfeng 266 -0.61 0.86 -0.05 0.86 0.05 0.65 0.36 0.48 0.33 29
众麦166 Zhongmai 166 -0.22 0.54 -0.16 0.85 0.20 0.49 0.28 0.48 0.33 27
顺麦10号 Shunmai 10 0.01 0.47 -0.37 0.84 0.29 0.45 0.13 0.47 0.33 28
豫农168 Yunong 168 -0.74 0.69 0.10 0.92 0.00 0.56 0.46 0.54 0.31 33
轮选6号 Lunxuan 6 0.11 0.75 -0.36 0.34 0.33 0.59 0.14 0.00 0.32 31
苑丰8号 Yuanfeng 8 -0.39 0.37 -0.18 1.03 0.14 0.40 0.26 0.65 0.30 35
涡麦77 Guomai 77 0.52 -0.20 0.16 1.41 0.49 0.11 0.51 1.00 0.47 14
厚德麦981 Houdemai 981 -0.50 0.52 -0.31 0.98 0.10 0.48 0.17 0.60 0.28 36
德研0518 Deyan 0518 0.70 0.69 0.64 1.22 0.56 0.56 0.85 0.82 0.65 5
中育1428 Zhongyu 1428 -0.18 0.51 -0.27 1.04 0.22 0.47 0.20 0.65 0.34 25
百农4199 Bainong 4199 0.92 0.38 -0.03 0.57 0.65 0.41 0.37 0.21 0.47 13
德研0516 Deyan 0516 0.02 0.54 -0.22 1.06 0.30 0.49 0.24 0.68 0.39 21
平安0658 Ping’an 0658 0.08 0.53 -0.11 0.48 0.32 0.48 0.31 0.13 0.33 26
中颖8号 Zhongying 8 -0.47 0.16 0.13 0.59 0.10 0.29 0.49 0.23 0.24 37
濮麦1165 Pumai 1165 -0.50 -0.01 0.00 0.71 0.10 0.21 0.40 0.34 0.22 39
顺麦11号 Shunmai 11 -0.29 0.14 -0.20 0.63 0.18 0.29 0.25 0.27 0.23 38
创麦58 Chuangmai 58 -0.07 0.63 -0.13 1.03 0.26 0.53 0.30 0.65 0.40 20
LS018R 1.21 0.06 -0.09 0.63 0.76 0.25 0.33 0.27 0.48 11
金麦1号 Jinmai 1 0.81 0.02 -0.22 0.99 0.61 0.23 0.24 0.61 0.44 15
淮核15173 Huaihe 15173 0.25 0.31 0.04 1.08 0.39 0.37 0.43 0.69 0.43 17
西农733 Xinong 733 0.40 0.20 0.19 0.46 0.44 0.31 0.53 0.11 0.38 23
豫农804 Yunong 804 0.24 0.30 -0.28 0.56 0.38 0.37 0.19 0.21 0.32 30
淮麦1403 Huaimai 1403 1.38 0.54 -0.34 0.89 0.83 0.49 0.15 0.52 0.57 7
轮选2000 Lunxuan 2000 1.82 1.32 -0.55 0.86 1.00 0.88 0.00 0.48 0.71 2
淮麦1196 Huaimai 1196 1.17 0.07 0.01 0.94 0.75 0.25 0.40 0.56 0.53 9
宝亮5号 Baoliang 5 -0.26 0.56 0.01 0.58 0.19 0.50 0.40 0.23 0.31 32
郑麦22 Zhengmai 22 -0.10 0.91 -0.22 1.21 0.25 0.68 0.24 0.82 0.44 16
科大1026 Keda 1026 0.25 1.00 0.41 0.60 0.39 0.72 0.69 0.25 0.51 10
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