Crops ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 159-167.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.01.026

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Identification of Cold Tolerance of Direct Seeded Early Rice Varieties at Bud Stage

Shuangqin Tang,Ziming Wu,Xueming Tan,Yongjun Zeng,Qinghua Shi,Xiaohua Pan,Yanhua Zeng   

  1. Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, China
  • Received:2018-11-06 Revised:2018-12-25 Online:2019-02-15 Published:2019-02-01
  • Contact: Yanhua Zeng

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Abstract:

Low temperature stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses in rice production. It is important to identify cold tolerance of rice germplasm resources at bud stage and screen cold tolerant varieties for rice production. In this study, 33 early indica hybrid rice varieties and 8 conventional rice varieties in Jiangxi Province were used as experimental materials, 12 low temperature stress treatments were set up at bud stage, and the suitable identification method of cold tolerance at bud stage of early indica rice was discussed with the dead seedling rate as an index. At the same time, the seedling rate, seedling height, root length, root number, aboveground biomass, root biomass and root-shoot ratio were investigated after 10 days of 8℃ low temperature treatment. Principal component analysis, fuzzy membership function and cluster analysis were used to explore the evaluation methods of cold tolerance at bud stage of direct seeding early rice and to screen cold tolerant varieties. The results showed that the variance and variation range of dead seedling rate of direct seeding early indica rice varieties were large under 8℃low temperature for 10 days, which could better identify the difference of cold tolerance among varieties, and it was the most reasonable way to identify cold tolerance of direct seeding early indica rice at bud stage; the cold tolerance of hybrid rice varieties was stronger than that of conventional rice; the seedling rate, seedling height, root length, root number, aboveground biomass, root biomass and root-shoot comparison after low temperature stress were decreased compared with 25℃ treatment, and seven indices were transformed into three independent comprehensive indices (CI1, CI2, CI3) by principal component analysis. The principal component analysis showed that root biomass and aboveground biomass could best represent the response of direct seeding early indica rice to low temperature stress and could be used as an evaluation index for cold tolerance identification at bud stage. By cluster analysis, 41 early indica rice varieties were divided into three categories. Nine strong cold-tolerant varieties, such as Lingliangyou 7108, Liangyou 287 and Jinlingyou 816 were selected. Fifteen moderate cold-tolerant varieties, such as Zhuliangyou 1, Tanliangyou 83 and Zhuliangyou 22, and 17 cold-sensitive varieties, such as Wen 229, Zhongzao 33 and Wufengyou 157 were selected. These varieties can further serve for cold tolerance breeding and production.

Key words: Rice, Early indica rice variety, Cold tolerance of germination stage, Principal component analysis

Fig.1

Comparison of the mean value, variance and variation range of dead seedling rate among 12 low temperature treatments The different small letters mean significant difference at P=0.05"

Table 1

Dead seedling rate and cold tolerance grading under cold stress at 8℃ for 10 days"

品种类型Variety type 品种Variety 死苗率Dead seedling rate (%) 耐冷性级别Grade 耐冷性评价Cold resistance evaluation
杂交稻Hybrid rice 株两优819 Zhuliangyou 819 33.33 5 M
株两优829 Zhuliangyou 829 40.67 5 M
株两优35 Zhuliangyou 35 36.67 5 M
株两优101 Zhuliangyou 101 16.67 3 T
株两优30 Zhuliangyou 30 30.67 5 M
株两优08 Zhuliangyou 08 12.67 3 T
株两优22 Zhuliangyou 22 20.00 3 T
株两优1号Zhuliangyou 1 7.33 1 HT
陵两优611 Lingliangyou 611 43.33 5 M
陵两优211 Lingliangyou 211 30.00 5 M
陵两优0516 Lingliangyou 0516 10.67 3 T
陵两优32 Lingliangyou 32 52.00 7 S
陵两优942 Lingliangyou 942 38.67 5 M
陵两优7108 Lingliangyou 7108 5.33 1 HT
陵两优7717 Lingliangyou 7717 47.33 5 M
陵两优722 Lingliangyou 722 30.67 5 M
锦两优816 Jinliangyou 816 40.00 5 M
陆两优996 Luliangyou 996 30.67 5 M
潭两优83 Tanliangyou 83 16.67 3 T
煜两优4156 Yuliangyou 4156 54.00 7 S
中两优206 Zhongliangyou 206 6.67 1 HT
两优287 Liangyou 287 9.33 1 HT
五丰优623 Wufengyou 623 28.00 5 M
五丰优157 Wufengyou 157 26.00 5 M
五丰优286 Wufengyou 286 16.00 3 T
品种类型Variety type 品种Variety 死苗率Dead seedling rate (%) 耐冷性级别Grade 耐冷性评价Cold resistance evaluation
优I 651 You I 651 27.33 5 M
优I 2009 You I 2009 52.67 7 S
优I 125 You I 125 50.00 5 M
优I 2058 You I 2058 10.67 3 T
淦鑫203 Ganxin 203 21.00 5 M
荣优585 Rongyou 585 41.33 5 M
鄱优364 Poyou 364 34.67 5 M
庆丰优306 Qingfengyou 306 18.00 3 T
平均Mean 28.45 5 M
变幅The range of variation 5.33~54.00 1~7 HT~S
常规稻 湘早籼6号Xiangzaoxian 6 28.67 5 M
Conventional rice 中嘉早17 Zhongjiazao 17 56.00 7 S
中早25 Zhongzao 25 55.33 7 S
中早33 Zhongzao 33 23.33 5 M
中组3号Zhongzu 3 42.00 5 M
中佳早66 Zhongjiazao 66 39.33 5 M
中佳早29 Zhongjiazao 29 64.67 7 S
温229 Wen 229 67.33 7 S
平均Mean 47.08 5 M
变幅The range of variation 23.33~67.33 5~7 M~S

Table 2

Cold resistance coefficient of direct seeding indica rice varieties after low temperature stress"

品种
Variety		 成苗率Seedling
rate		 苗高Seedling
height		 根长
Root
length		 根数
Roots		 地上部生物量
Aboveground biomass
per plant		 根系生物量
Root biomass
per plant		 根冠比
Root-shoot
ratio
株两优819 Zhuliangyou 819 0.70 0.54 0.61 0.82 0.80 0.73 0.92
株两优829 Zhuliangyou 829 0.61 0.32 0.59 0.42 0.65 0.58 0.91
株两优35 Zhuliangyou 35 0.64 0.51 0.67 0.49 0.51 0.37 0.74
株两优101 Zhuliangyou 101 0.85 0.37 0.73 0.58 0.43 0.61 1.45
株两优30 Zhuliangyou 30 0.71 0.37 0.79 0.32 0.58 0.86 1.47
株两优08 Zhuliangyou 08 0.90 0.44 0.66 0.39 0.50 0.60 1.21
株两优22 Zhuliangyou 22 0.82 0.52 0.78 0.61 0.59 0.40 0.68
株两优1号Zhuliangyou 1 0.95 0.39 0.73 0.61 0.77 0.51 0.67
陵两优611 Lingliangyou 611 0.57 0.45 0.87 0.49 0.65 0.76 1.16
陵两优211 Lingliangyou 211 0.72 0.51 0.82 0.25 0.70 0.58 0.80
陵两优0516 Lingliangyou 0516 0.92 0.49 0.83 0.33 0.71 0.46 0.65
陵两优32 Lingliangyou 32 0.50 0.59 1.11 0.72 0.76 0.25 0.30
陵两优942 Lingliangyou 942 0.64 0.50 0.69 0.61 0.83 0.91 1.06
陵两优7108 Lingliangyou 7108 0.96 0.49 0.93 0.57 0.51 0.62 1.18
陵两优7717 Lingliangyou 7717 0.58 0.39 0.63 0.47 0.61 0.77 1.27
陵两优722 Lingliangyou 722 0.75 0.35 0.82 0.34 0.29 0.28 0.99
品种
Variety		 成苗率Seedling
rate		 苗高Seedling
height		 根长
Root
length		 根数
Roots		 地上部生物量
Aboveground biomass
per plant		 根系生物量
Root biomass
per plant		 根冠比
Root-shoot
ratio
锦两优816 Jinliangyou 816 0.62 0.44 1.43 0.57 0.69 0.84 1.23
陆两优996 Luliangyou 996 0.71 0.32 0.60 0.45 0.38 0.47 1.24
潭两优83 Tanliangyou 83 0.85 0.34 1.10 0.37 0.44 0.38 0.86
煜两优4156 Yuliangyou 4156 0.46 0.30 1.15 0.51 0.35 0.41 1.22
中两优206 Zhongliangyou 206 0.94 0.45 0.99 0.63 0.70 0.91 1.29
两优287 Liangyou 287 0.93 0.51 0.88 0.51 0.60 0.88 1.45
五丰优623 Wufengyou 623 0.75 0.47 0.50 0.41 0.66 0.51 0.77
五丰优157 Wufengyou 157 0.77 0.29 0.50 0.76 0.78 0.34 0.32
五丰优286 Wufengyou 286 0.91 0.58 0.76 0.47 0.75 0.55 0.72
优I 651 You I 651 0.76 0.42 0.48 0.36 0.44 0.47 1.06
优I 2009 You I 2009 0.48 0.54 0.90 0.51 0.54 0.52 0.99
优I 125 You I 125 0.53 0.41 0.46 0.48 0.50 0.41 0.81
优I 2058 You I 2058 0.92 0.50 0.82 0.55 0.87 0.68 0.72
淦鑫203 Ganxin 203 0.79 0.34 0.62 0.48 0.47 0.37 0.77
荣优585 Rongyou 585 0.61 0.56 1.19 0.47 0.68 0.74 1.09
鄱优364 Poyou 364 0.71 0.42 0.57 0.64 0.57 0.39 0.68
庆丰优306 Qingfengyou 306 0.85 0.54 1.26 0.50 0.56 0.57 1.02
湘早籼6号Xiangzaoxian 6 0.74 0.30 0.97 0.14 0.43 0.26 0.61
中嘉早17 Zhongjiazao 17 0.47 0.57 0.52 0.68 0.66 0.81 1.22
中早25 Zhongzao 25 0.46 0.40 1.14 0.39 0.57 0.69 1.22
中早33 Zhongzao 33 0.79 0.19 0.52 0.19 0.35 0.31 0.91
中组3号Zhongzu 3 0.60 0.43 0.78 0.39 0.37 0.32 0.85
中佳早66 Zhongjiazao 66 0.61 0.45 0.60 0.97 0.69 0.72 1.07
中佳早29 Zhongjiazao 29 0.36 0.35 0.63 0.20 0.44 0.51 1.15
温229 Wen 229 0.34 0.41 0.52 0.51 0.53 0.40 0.76
平均Mean 0.70 0.43 0.78 0.49 0.58 0.56 0.70

Table 3

Correlation coefficient matrix of traits"

指标
Index		 成苗率
Seedling
rate		 苗高
Seedling
height		 根长
Root
length		 根数
Roots		 地上部生物量
Aboveground
biomass per plant		 根系生物量
Root biomass
per plant		 根冠比
Root-shoot
ratio
成苗率Seedling rate 1.000
苗高Seedling height 0.035 -1
根长Root length 0.046 -0.230 1.000
根数Roots -0.011 -0.398** -0.050 -1
地上部生物量Aboveground biomass per plant 0.141 -0.566** 0.049 -0.534** -1
根系生物量Root biomass per plant 0.056 -0.366* 0.175 -0.290 -0.501** 1
根冠比Root-shoot ratio -0.051 -0.060 0.170 -0.082 -0.265 0.684** 1

Table 4

Eigenvector, eigen value and contribution rates of each comprehensive index"

主成分Principle factor CI1 CI2 CI3
成苗率Seedling rate 0.13 -0.09 0.75
苗高Seedling height 0.76 -0.18 0.10
根长Root length 0.25 0.34 0.58
根数Roots 0.67 -0.32 -0.32
地上部生物量Aboveground biomass per plant 0.83 -0.37 0.01
根系生物量Root biomass per plant 0.76 0.57 -0.12
根冠比Root-shoot ratio 0.17 0.95 -0.15
特征值Eigen value 2.40 1.62 1.05
贡献率Contributive ratio (%) 34.22 23.19 14.96
累计贡献率Cumulative contributive ratio (%) 34.22 57.41 72.38

Fig.2

Cluster analysis map of D value of different direct-seeded early indica rice varieties"

Table 5

Comprehensive index value, index weight, μ(Xj), D value and comprehensive evaluation of varieties"

品种Variety CI1 CI2 CI3 μ(X1) μ(X2) μ(X3) D 综合评价Comprehensive evaluation
株两优819 Zhuliangyou 819 1.65 -0.78 -0.93 1.00 0.39 0.30 0.66 中度耐冷Moderate cold tolerance
株两优829 Zhuliangyou 829 -0.46 -0.07 -0.84 0.48 0.55 0.32 0.47 冷敏感Cold-sensitive
株两优35 Zhuliangyou 35 -0.35 -0.83 -0.24 0.51 0.37 0.47 0.46 冷敏感Cold-sensitive
株两优101 Zhuliangyou 101 -0.21 1.21 0.00 0.54 0.85 0.54 0.64 中度耐冷Moderate cold tolerance
株两优30 Zhuliangyou 30 0.13 1.87 -0.13 0.62 1.00 0.50 0.72 强耐冷Strong cold resistant
株两优08 Zhuliangyou 08 -0.18 0.66 0.58 0.55 0.72 0.69 0.63 中度耐冷Moderate cold tolerance
株两优22 Zhuliangyou 22 0.23 -1.15 0.61 0.65 0.30 0.70 0.55 中度耐冷Moderate cold tolerance
株两优1号Zhuliangyou 1 0.39 -1.19 0.85 0.69 0.29 0.76 0.57 中度耐冷Moderate cold tolerance
陵两优611 Lingliangyou 611 0.61 0.78 -0.56 0.74 0.75 0.39 0.67 中度耐冷Moderate cold tolerance
陵两优211 Lingliangyou 211 0.17 -0.26 0.75 0.63 0.51 0.73 0.61 中度耐冷Moderate cold tolerance
陵两优0516 Lingliangyou 0516 0.06 -0.92 1.58 0.61 0.35 0.95 0.60 中度耐冷Moderate cold tolerance
陵两优32 Lingliangyou 32 0.77 -2.32 0.17 0.78 0.03 0.58 0.50 冷敏感Cold-sensitive
陵两优942 Lingliangyou 942 1.54 0.18 -0.88 0.97 0.61 0.31 0.72 强耐冷Strong cold resistant
陵两优7108 Lingliangyou 7108 0.46 0.57 1.22 0.70 0.70 0.86 0.73 强耐冷Strong cold resistant
陵两优7717 Lingliangyou 7717 0.21 0.95 -1.17 0.64 0.79 0.24 0.61 中度耐冷Moderate cold tolerance
陵两优722 Lingliangyou 722 -1.63 0.31 0.63 0.19 0.64 0.70 0.44 冷敏感Cold-sensitive
锦两优816 Jinliangyou 816 1.21 1.38 0.73 0.89 0.89 0.73 0.86 强耐冷Strong cold resistant
陆两优996 Luliangyou 996 -1.10 0.77 -0.53 0.32 0.74 0.40 0.47 冷敏感Cold-sensitive
潭两优83 Tanliangyou 83 -0.98 0.15 1.63 0.35 0.60 0.96 0.56 中度耐冷Moderate cold tolerance
煜两优4156 Yuliangyou 4156 -1.07 1.20 -0.40 0.33 0.84 0.43 0.51 冷敏感Cold-sensitive
中两优206 Zhongliangyou 206 1.40 1.04 0.88 0.94 0.81 0.77 0.86 强耐冷Strong cold resistant
两优287 Liangyou 287 1.11 1.47 0.81 0.87 0.91 0.75 0.85 强耐冷Strong cold resistant
五丰优623 Wufengyou 623 -0.05 -0.83 -0.14 0.58 0.38 0.50 0.50 冷敏感Cold-sensitive
五丰优157 Wufengyou 157 -0.21 -2.45 -0.54 0.54 0.00 0.40 0.34 冷敏感Cold-sensitive
五丰优286 Wufengyou 286 0.85 -1.01 1.14 0.80 0.33 0.83 0.66 中度耐冷Moderate cold tolerance
优I 651 You I 651 -0.85 0.16 -0.23 0.38 0.60 0.48 0.47 冷敏感Cold-sensitive
优I 2009 You I 2009 0.24 0.09 -0.60 0.65 0.59 0.38 0.58 中度耐冷Moderate cold tolerance
优I 125 You I 125 -0.76 -0.64 -1.33 0.40 0.42 0.19 0.36 冷敏感Cold-sensitive
优I 2058 You I 2058 1.22 -0.90 1.03 0.89 0.36 0.81 0.70 强耐冷Strong cold resistant
品种Variety CI1 CI2 CI3 μ(X1) μ(X2) μ(X3) D 综合评价Comprehensive evaluation
淦鑫203 Ganxin 203 -0.99 -0.61 0.13 0.35 0.42 0.57 0.42 冷敏感Cold-sensitive
荣优585 Rongyou 585 1.10 0.71 0.55 0.86 0.73 0.68 0.78 强耐冷Strong cold resistant
鄱优364 Poyou 364 -0.24 -1.21 -0.51 0.53 0.29 0.41 0.43 冷敏感Cold-sensitive
庆丰优306 Qingfengyou 306 0.61 0.40 1.78 0.74 0.66 1.00 0.77 强耐冷Strong cold resistant
湘早籼6号Xiangzaoxian 6 -1.87 -0.32 1.44 0.13 0.49 0.91 0.41 冷敏感Cold-sensitive
中嘉早17 Zhongjiazao 17 1.26 0.34 -2.07 0.90 0.64 0.00 0.63 中度耐冷Moderate cold tolerance
中早25 Zhongzao 25 0.04 1.36 -0.28 0.60 0.88 0.47 0.66 中度耐冷Moderate cold tolerance
中早33 Zhongzao 33 -2.40 0.18 0.23 0.00 0.61 0.60 0.32 冷敏感Cold-sensitive
中组3号Zhongzu 3 -1.13 -0.16 -0.07 0.31 0.53 0.52 0.43 冷敏感Cold-sensitive
中佳早66 Zhongjiazao 66 1.30 -0.35 -1.79 0.91 0.48 0.07 0.60 中度耐冷Moderate cold tolerance
中佳早29 Zhongjiazao 29 -1.34 0.95 -1.46 0.26 0.79 0.16 0.41 冷敏感Cold-sensitive
温229 Wen 229 -0.70 -0.72 -2.01 0.42 0.40 0.02 0.33 冷敏感Cold-sensitive
权重Index weight 0.47 0.32 0.21
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