Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 9-14.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.02.002

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Advances in Genetic and Regulatory Mechanisms of Blue Grain Traits in Wheat Crops

Li Hongyan1(), Yao Xiaohua1,2, Yao Youhua1,2, Li Xin1,2, Wu Kunlun1,2()   

  1. 1Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China
    2Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding / Qinghai Subcenter of National Hulless Barley Improvement / Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Germplasm Resources, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China
  • Received:2023-02-03 Revised:2023-05-11 Online:2024-04-15 Published:2024-04-15

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Abstract:

Wheat crops are the main grain crops in China, and the colors of seed coats, pericap, or endosperms of most wheat grains show blue, purple, yellow, black and other hues due to the accumulation of anthocyanins. Crops of blue grain wheat have a lot of superior qualities. This paper reviewed and explored the formation and inheritance of blue grain characteristic, the classification of grain color, the quality of blue grain, the gene mapping and regulation mechanism of blue grain trait of wheat crops, and the basis for the fine mapping and formation mechanism of blue grain trait genes of wheat crops. These findings will help people understand and utilize blue grain wheat crops better.

Key words: Wheat crops, Blue grain traits, Quality, Heredity, Regulatory mechanisms

Table 1

Seed color and regulatory genes of different wheat crops"

项目Item 玉米Maize 大麦Barley 小麦Wheat （小）黑麦Triticale
组织Tissue 糊粉层 糊粉层 糊粉层 糊粉层
色素种类Pigment species 花青素 花青素 花青素 花青素
种子颜色Seed color 蓝色 蓝色 蓝色 绿色（蓝色）
调控基因/候选基因
Regulatory gene/candidate gene		 MYB C1 HvMYB4H
bHLH R1 HvMYC4H ThMYC4E TsMYC2
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