Crops ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6): 137-142.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.06.020

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Effects of Different Sowing Densities on the Morphological Traits and Yields of Three Adzuki Bean Varieties

Liu Zhenxing1(), Zhou Guimei1, Ya Xiuxiu1, Chen Jian1, Meng Qingxiang1, He Guoqing2   

  1. 1Tangshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tangshan 063001, Hebei, China
    2Handan Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Handan 056002, Hebei, China
  • Received:2020-03-17 Revised:2020-05-28 Online:2020-12-15 Published:2020-12-09

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Abstract:

Three varieties and six planting densities were used to investigate their effects on the morphological traits and yields of adzuki bean with two factors randomized block design. The results showed that both variety and planting density had significant effects on traits and yields. The bottom pod height and the first internode length increased with the increase of planting density, while the number of nodes per main stem, the number of branches per main stem, the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per pod and 100-seed weight decreased with the increase of planting density. The total yield increased first and then decreased with the increase of the planting density. However, there were significant differences between varieties and densities, and effects of interaction between varieties and planting densities were observed too. Planting density were positively correlated with plant height, bottom pod height and the first internode length, but negatively correlated with the number of branches per main stem, stem diameter and the number of nodes per main stem. Increasing planting density could effectively increase the adzuki bean plant height, bottom pod height and the first internode length and could effectively reduce the number of branches per stem, all of these traits benefits mechanical harvest. Combination of high yielding varieties with moderate increase of planting density can make adzuki bean plant morphological characteristics suitable for mechanical harvest. The present study will provide information for further study on breeding and mechanics for production of adzuki bean.

Key words: Adzuki bean, Planting density, Morphological characteristic, Yield, Correlation

Table 1

Population features of adzuki bean under different treatments"

参数
Parameter		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 底荚高度
Bottom pod
height (cm)		 第一节间长
First internode
length (cm)		 茎粗
Stem diameter
(mm)		 主茎节数
Nodes of
main stem		 主茎分枝数
Branches of
main stem		 单株荚数
Pods per
plant		 荚长
Pod length
(cm)		 荚宽
Pod width
(cm)		 单荚粒数
Seed number
per pod		 百粒重
100-seed
weight (g)		 产量
Yield
(kg/hm2)
最小值Minimum 45.20 15.70 1.40 5.40 18.70 0.70 10.60 7.70 0.60 4.40 10.30 1 911.40
最大值Maximum 77.00 30.70 2.50 8.00 22.90 4.40 27.50 8.40 0.80 6.20 14.00 3 072.40
平均值Average 59.57 21.85 1.89 6.32 20.47 2.01 17.24 7.97 0.67 5.37 11.75 2 428.61
标准差
Standard deviation		 8.88 4.81 0.36 0.70 1.21 0.93 4.20 0.28 0.04 0.52 1.07 292.91
变异系数
Coefficient of variation (%)		 14.91 21.99 19.04 11.15 5.93 46.41 24.35 3.48 6.02 9.62 9.14 12.06

Table 2

Effects of different planting densities on agronomic traits of different varieties"

品种
Variety		 种植密度
Planting density
(×104/hm2)		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 底荚高度
Bottom pod
height (cm)		 第一节间长
First internode
length (cm)		 茎粗
Stem diameter (mm)		 主茎节数
Nodes of
main stem		 主茎分枝数
Branches of
main stem
冀红20 Jihong 20 9 52.47±1.70d 16.63±1.79c 1.89±0.16c 8.05±0.48a 21.40±0.60a 4.40±1.04a
12 55.83±1.16c 18.37±0.55b 1.93±0.15c 7.27±0.28b 20.60±1.22a 2.67±0.23b
15 59.97±2.48b 18.57±0.81b 2.20±0.30b 6.99±0.52c 20.53±0.90a 1.93±0.58c
18 60.43±3.66b 23.23±1.96a 2.30±0.26ab 6.56±0.26d 19.67±0.46b 1.40±0.20d
21 63.30±2.39a 23.30±16.1a 2.50±0.10a 6.55±0.38d 19.40±1.00b 0.93±0.31e
24 65.43±2.04a 23.67±3.11a 2.53±0.21a 5.44±0.39e 19.20±0.80b 0.67±0.31e
冀红21 Jihong 21 9 45.17±1.70e 15.67±1.65d 1.40±0.32b 6.46±0.39a 21.93±2.53a 2.47±0.12a
12 47.77±2.30d 17.80±0.56c 1.43±0.28b 6.20±0.10a 20.53±2.10b 2.40±0.35ab
15 49.60±1.78d 18.50±0.79c 1.57±0.31ab 5.83±0.21b 19.73±0.23b 2.03±0.06ab
18 56.13±3.40c 21.83±1.57b 1.60±0.17ab 5.72±0.33bc 19.33±2.60b 1.80±0.40bc
21 63.57±1.96b 26.50±2.57a 1.75±0.26a 5.53±0.12cd 19.05±1.78c 1.47±0.12cd
24 68.23±0.65a 26.70±0.87a 1.87±0.29a 5.39±0.15d 18.97±0.61c 1.20±0.40d
唐红201602 Tanghong 201602 9 53.43±2.80d 16.53±0.74c 1.50±0.26e 6.85±0.15a 22.93±1.14a 3.07±0.70a
12 53.97±2.57d 16.93±1.46c 1.63±0.15de 6.72±0.2a 22.20±1.25ab 2.87±0.90a
15 63.13±0.76c 21.13±0.67b 1.80±0.10cd 6.43±0.08ab 21.87±0.70ab 2.80±0.20a
18 68.00±3.38b 28.10±1.21a 2.03±0.06bc 6.26±0.24bc 21.13±0.64b 1.47±0.12b
21 73.87±3.07a 29.15±0.97a 2.40±0.17ab 6.00±0.23c 20.27±0.92c 1.33±0.23b
24 77.03±1.90a 30.73±1.46a 2.47±0.12a 5.58±0.36d 19.33±1.14d 1.20±0.10b

Table 3

Effects of different densities on yields of different varieties"

品种
Variety		 种植密度
Planting density
(×104/hm2)		 单株荚数
Pods per
plant		 荚长
Pod length
(cm)		 荚宽
Pod width
(cm)		 单荚粒数
Seed number
per pod		 百粒重
100-seed
weight (g)		 产量
Yield
(kg/hm2)
冀红20 Jihong 20 9 20.20±3.86a 8.36±0.53a 0.75±0.17a 6.25±0.06a 14.03±0.12a 2 545.21±125.83cd
12 16.73±2.50ab 8.35±0.17a 0.74±0.06a 6.03±0.39a 13.87±0.72a 2 611.83±111.90c
15 16.07±5.97ab 8.35±0.26a 0.73±0.03a 5.97±0.33a 12.63±0.61b 2 716.73±142.06b
18 13.93±2.00bc 8.33±0.58ab 0.73±0.13a 5.93±0.10a 12.47±1.19b 3 072.37±195.59a
21 11.40±0.40cd 8.30±0.47ab 0.72±0.17a 5.54±1.72a 12.33±0.49b 2 501.61±31.06d
24 10.60±0.72d 8.25±0.14b 0.72±0.03a 5.39±0.04b 10.90±0.26c 2 390.94±108.22e
冀红21 Jihong 21 9 22.07±6.71a 7.77±0.08a 0.68±0.00a 5.77±0.51a 12.20±0.10a 1 911.42±30.67c
12 18.73±2.00ab 7.73±0.14b 0.65±0.05a 5.47±0.43ab 11.77±0.21ab 2 013.84±27.97b
15 16.07±2.32bc 7.72±0.33b 0.65±0.03a 5.39±0.38ab 11.50±0.35b 2 540.35±50.09a
18 15.53±3.72bc 7.71±0.14b 0.63±0.03a 5.28±0.35b 11.40±0.46b 2 579.16±21.53a
21 13.53±2.77cd 7.69±0.16b 0.65±0.00a 5.23±0.04b 11.37±0.60b 2 064.77±119.47b
24 12.13±2.89d 7.65±0.50b 0.65±0.00a 4.68±0.05c 10.87±0.06c 2 035.70±21.59b
唐红201602 Tanghong 201602 9 27.53±4.23a 8.03±0.26a 0.67±0.03a 5.39±0.24a 12.33±0.15a 2 255.57±92.05d
12 20.40±6.16b 8.02±0.18a 0.65±0.00a 5.34±0.50ab 11.43±0.21b 2 320.23±19.47cd
15 20.13±1.03b 7.89±0.37b 0.65±0.03a 5.12±0.22ab 11.27±0.06b 2 623.90±53.11a
18 19.53±1.72b 7.88±0.46b 0.65±0.03a 4.89±0.21bc 10.47±0.25c 2 682.07±80.57a
21 18.07±0.81b 7.74±0.09b 0.64±0.03a 4.58±0.51cd 10.37±0.47c 2 456.02±67.71b
24 17.60±0.92b 7.72±0.32b 0.63±0.03a 4.36±0.38d 10.33±0.25c 2 393.88±142.55bc

Fig.1

Comparison of yield of varieties under different planting densities Different letters indicate significant difference at 0.05 level. The same below"

Fig.2

Comparison of yields of different varieties under the same planting densities"

Table 4

Correlation coefficients between planting densities and traits"

品种
Variety		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 底荚高度
Bottom pod
height (cm)		 第一节间长
First internode
length (cm)		 茎粗
Stem diameter
(mm)		 主茎节数
Nodes of
main stem		 主茎分枝数
Branches of
main stem		 单株荚数
Pods per
plant		 荚长
Pod length
(cm)		 荚宽
Pod width
(cm)		 单荚粒数
Seed number
per pod		 百粒重
100-seed
weight (g)
冀红20 Jihong 20 0.88** 0.93** 0.64 -0.96** -0.96** -0.95** -0.98** -0.69 -0.90** 0.12 -0.69
冀红21 Jihong 21 0.98** 0.97** 0.39 -0.98** -0.69 -0.99** -0.96** -0.68 -0.13 -0.37 -0.64
唐红201602 Tanghong 201602 0.98** 0.96** 0.77* -0.99** -0.99** -0.89** -0.83** -0.97** -0.92** -0.28 -0.94**
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