Crops ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 127-132.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.05.019

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Effects and Optimum Rates of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizer for Mung Bean

Hao Xiyu(), Xiao Huanyu, Liang Jie(), Wang Yingjie, Guo Wenyun   

  1. Baicheng Academy of Agricultural Science, Baicheng 137000, Jilin, China
  • Received:2020-03-30 Revised:2020-06-04 Online:2020-10-15 Published:2020-10-12
  • Contact: Liang Jie E-mail:haoxiyu1990@foxmail.com;liangjie9669@163.com

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Abstract:

The effects of application rates of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) on the yield and yield related traits were studied to ensure the optimal fertilization model and ratio suitable for mung bean. Quadratic orthogonal regressive rotation design of three factors (N, P, K) was applied to conduct field experiment. The effective functions of N, P and K application codes on the yield and yield related traits were established. The results showed that the effect of three fertilizers on the yield of mung bean was N > P > K. The yields, pods per plant and 100-seed weight of mung bean were increased first and then decreased with the increasing of application rates of N and P. The yield and pods per plant of mung bean were promoted by the interaction of P and K in the range of experiment. The optimal fertilizer application rates of N, P2O5 and K2O were respectively 81.2-89.3, 124.8-133.5, 82.6-90.7kg/ha for the target yield between 2 104.6 and 2 215.2kg/ha. The highest yield was 2 215.2kg/hm 2 with the optimal fertilizer ratio N, P2O5, K2O=1:1.54:1.03 (N: 87.4kg/ha). The best economic benefit was 15 589.89 yuan/ha with the fertilizer ratio N:P2O5:K2O=1:1.54:1.05 (N: 80.4kg/ha).

Key words: Mung bean, Yield, Yield components, Fertilization, Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, Optimum model

Table 1

Effective accumulated temperature, precipitation and sunshine duration during mung bean growth period in 2011-2013"

项目Item 月份Month 年份Year
2011 2012 2013
有效积温
Effective accumulated
temperature (℃)		 5 492.9 520.8 570.4
6 753.0 642.0 642.0
7 740.9 740.9 740.9
8 641.7 694.4 688.2
9 504.0 477.0 462.0
降水量
Precipitation (mm)		 5 72.3 31.9 48.7
6 21.9 81.6 94.1
7 141.6 194.2 227.7
8 79.2 6.5 50.2
9 11.1 69.4 40.1
日照时数
Sunshine duration (h)		 5 188.5 293.6 144.3
6 268.2 200.7 209.4
7 167.1 230.9 222.2
8 217.2 283.8 203.4
9 288.3 199.6 245.0

Table 2

Design of factor level code kg/hm2"

因素Factor x1 (N) x2 (P2O5) x3 (K2O)
零水平（0）Zero level 69.0 120.0 75.0
变化区间Change interval 18.4 14.3 14.9
上水平（+1）Upper level 87.4 134.3 89.9
下水平（-1）Lower level 50.6 105.7 60.1
上星臂号（+1.682）Star on the arms 92.0 144.0 100.0
下星臂号（-1.682）Star under the arms 46.0 96.0 50.0

Table 3

Effects of different fertilizer compositions on yield and yield components of mung bean"

肥料组成Fertilizer composition 产量Yield (kg/hm2) 单株荚数
Pods per
plant (y2)		 单荚粒数
Seeds per pod (y3)		 百粒重(g)
100-seed
weight (y4)
处理
Treatment		 N
(x1)		 P2O5
(x2)		 K2O
(x3)		 2011 2012 2013 平均(y1)
Average
1 -1 -1 -1 2 270.4 2 234.2 2 391.2 2 298.6aA 30.20aA 13.9aA 6.42aA
2 -1 -1 -1 2 198.0 2 077.5 2 058.9 2 111.5abcdeABC 21.27abcdABC 12.8aA 6.06abcdefABCDEF
3 -1 -1 -1 1 949.0 2 307.0 2 137.9 2 131.3abcdeABC 22.76abcdABC 13.4aA 6.10abcdeABCDEF
4 -1 -1 -1 1 912.1 2 127.1 2 161.0 2 066.8bcdefABC 19.85bcdABC 12.9aA 5.93cdefgBCDEF
5 -1 -1 -1 2 290.9 2 181.8 2 013.9 2 162.2abcdABC 25.09abcABC 12.6aA 6.17abcdeABCD
6 -1 -1 -1 2 037.4 1 886.5 1 971.4 1 965.1defBC 17.40cdBC 12.2aA 5.81efgCDEF
7 -1 -1 -1 2 088.0 1 884.3 2 020.1 1 997.5cdefBC 18.82cdABC 12.5aA 5.88defgBCDEF
8 -1 -1 -1 1 826.7 1 980.2 1 892.5 1 899.8fC 15.39dC 12.6aA 5.65gEF
9 -1.682 -0 -0 1 934.2 1 955.7 1 919.8 1 936.6efBC 16.88cdBC 12.7aA 5.64gF
10 -1.682 -0 -0 2 332.6 2 213.2 2 066.3 2 204.1abAB 21.08abcdABC 12.3aA 5.98bcdefgABCDEF
11 -0 -1.682 -0 2 022.4 2 043.7 1 972.9 2 013.0bcdefBC 19.40bcdABC 12.8aA 5.72fgDEF
12 -0 -1.682 -0 2 134.7 2 145.4 2 214.6 2 164.9abcdABC 19.59bcdABC 12.6aA 6.32abAB
13 -0 -0 -1.682 2 014.3 2 008.9 1 966.0 1 996.4cdefBC 17.78cdBC 12.9aA 5.82efgCDEF
14 -0 -0 -1.682 1 989.0 2 236.1 2 283.2 2 169.4abcABC 21.28abcdABC 12.7aA 6.35aAB
15 -0 -0 -0 2 064.6 2 271.9 2 136.7 2 157.8abcdABC 23.86abcdABC 13.0aA 6.162abcdeABCD
16 -0 -0 -0 2 225.2 2 047.9 2 172.0 2 148.4abcdABC 23.28abcdABC 12.8aA 6.12abcdeABCD
17 -0 -0 -0 2 167.0 2 103.8 2 085.7 2 118.8abcdeABC 21.53abcdABC 12.6aA 6.09abcdeABCDEF
18 -0 -0 -0 2 118.9 2 182.3 2 254.8 2 185.3abcAB 25.93abcABC 12.6aA 6.20abcdABC
19 -0 -0 -0 2 272.3 1 969.3 2 196.6 2 146.1abcdABC 22.89abcdABC 13.0aA 6.11abcdeABCDE
20 -0 -0 -0 2 359.6 2 116.0 2 088.2 2 187.9abcAB 28.19abAB 12.7aA 6.23abcdABC
21 -0 -0 -0 2 133.4 2 103.4 2 209.8 2 148.9abcdABC 23.60abcdABC 12.3aA 6.13abcdeABCD
22 -0 -0 -0 2 301.9 2 174.4 2 107.3 2 194.5abcAB 30.07aA 12.9aA 6.28abcABC
23 -0 -0 -0 2 187.6 2 075.6 2 221.7 2 161.7abcdABC 24.32abcdABC 12.0aA 6.16abcdeABCD

Fig.1

Single factor effect of N, P and K application rate on the yield of mung bean"

Fig.2

Single factor effect of N, P and K application rate on the pods per plant of mung bean"

Fig.3

Interaction analysis of N, P and K application rate on the yield of mung bean"

Fig.4

Interaction analysis of N, P and K application rate on the pods per plant of mung bean"

Table 4

Frequency distribution for the yield of mung bean between 2 104.6 and 2 215.2kg/hm2 (33 schemes)"

水平Level x1 (N) 频率Frequency (%) x2 (P2O5) 频率Frequency (%) x3 (K2O) 频率Frequency (%)
-1.682 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
-1 0 0.0 4 12.1 2 6.1
0 10 30.3 10 30.3 10 30.3
1 14 42.4 10 30.3 11 33.3
1.682 9 27.3 9 27.3 10 30.3
平均值Average 0.883 0.640 0.782
标准误Standard error 0.112 0.154 0.139
95%置信区间95% confidence interval 0.663~1.103 0.338~0.943 0.510~1.055
最佳施肥量The optimal fertilization (kg/hm2) 81.2~89.3 124.8~133.5 82.6~90.7

Table 5

Frequency distribution for the pods per plant of mung bean between 44.1 and 51.1 pods (23 schemes)"

水平Level x1 (N) 频率 Frequency (%) x2 (P2O5) 频率Frequency (%) x3 (K2O) 频率Frequency (%)
-1.682 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0
-1 0 0.0 7 30.4 0 0.0
0 9 39.1 9 39.1 7 30.4
1 9 39.1 7 30.4 9 39.1
1.682 5 21.7 0 0.0 7 30.4
平均值Average 0.757 0.000 0.903
标准误Standard error 0.137 0.163 0.138
95%置信区间95% confidence interval 0.488~1.026 -0.319~0.319 0.633~1.173
最佳施肥量The optimal fertilization (kg/hm2) 78.0~87.9 115.4~124.6 84.4~92.5
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