Crops ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 99-105.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.03.016

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Effects of the Temperature Change Based on Sowing Date on the Period from Seeding to Heading and the Filling and Ripening Stage of Japonica Rice in Southern Henan Province

Duan Bin1,Fang Ling1,He Shijie1,Li Huilong1,Peng Bo2,Song Xiaohua1,Hu Yang1   

  1. 1 Xinyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
    2 Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, Henan, China
  • Received:2019-01-09 Revised:2019-04-23 Online:2019-06-15 Published:2019-06-12
  • Contact: Ling Fang

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Abstract:

To explore the effects of temperature change on growth characteristics for japonica rice in southern Henan Province, five cultivars were introduced and applied as experimental materials to conduct a stage sowing test in 2011-2012. The effects of sowing date and temperature change on the growth characteristics of the tested varieties were investigated. Results showed that with the temperature from seeding to heading period increased, which was close to the biological optimum temperature of rice, the temperature of filling and ripening stage decreased significantly. With the delay of sowing date, the period from seeding to heading was shortened and filling and ripening stage was prolonged. The non-linear model of temperature effect of rice development modified by Yin Xinyou was used to simulate the period from seeding to heading, all the tested varieties showed different degrees of temperature-sensitivity. Temperature-sensitivity of varieties Ningjing 3>9 You 418>Nanjing44>Zhengdao 18>Longyou 1875. The filling and ripening stage of 9 You 418, Nanjing 44, Ningjing 3 and Longyou 1875 was significantly negatively correlated with average temperature, maximum temperature and minimum temperature. There was significant negative correlation between the filling and ripening stage of Zhengdao 18 and the average temperature and significant positively correlated with temperature difference. The filling and ripening stage of Longyou 1875 was sensitive to low temperature, when the filling and ripening stage significantly extend below 21℃, the speed for grain filling of Zhengdao 18 was fast, but insensitive to low temperature. Taking into the consideration of the effects of temperature on the number of days from seeding to heading and filling and ripening stage comprehensively, the seeding date of Longyou 1875 should be arranged before May 10, Zhengdao 18 could be postponed to the end of May, while Ningjing 3, Nanjing 44 and 9 You 418 may be planted around May 15.

Key words: Sowing date, Temperature change, Growth characteristics, Japonica rice

Table 1

Days of seeding to heading and filling and ripening stage of different sowing date treatments d"

生育时期
Growth stage		 播期
Sowing date		 9优418
9 you 418		 南粳44
Nanjing 44		 宁粳3号
Ningjing 3		 郑稻18
Zhengdao 18		 隆优1875
Longyou 1875
2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012
播始历期 Ⅰ 111 103 111 112 111 112 100 98 98 96
Seeding to heading stage Ⅱ 106 100 106 108 108 107 98 94 99 93
Ⅲ 103 98 103 104 104 104 99 92 99 91
Ⅳ 98 96 102 102 103 102 96 89 96 91
Ⅴ 96 93 99 98 100 98 93 86 94 88
Ⅵ 93 89 95 96 95 96 88 84 89 87
Ⅶ 89 87 92 98 92 94 84 85 87 87
Ⅷ 88 86 91 93 91 91 83 81 88 85
Ⅸ 85 82 90 89 89 88 80 77 85 84
Ⅹ 84 83 88 88 89 87 80 79 84 83
变异系数CV (%) 9.6 8.0 7.9 7.9 8.2 8.5 8.9 7.8 6.5 4.7
变异系数2年平均(%)
CV average of two years		 8.8 7.9 8.4 8.4 5.6
灌浆成熟期 Ⅰ 41 42 46 38 48 38 48 46 44 48
Filling and ripening stage Ⅱ 43 43 49 39 47 40 50 47 46 48
Ⅲ 43 47 47 43 51 43 48 50 51 51
Ⅳ 47 46 49 42 52 42 46 54 53 51
Ⅴ 48 47 50 42 52 42 47 55 61 51
Ⅵ 53 47 51 41 55 42 51 53 72 52
Ⅶ 58 46 58 40 59 41 54 55 77 53
Ⅷ 60 44 61 45 64 42 56 54 77 53
Ⅸ 67 47 65 48 67 47 59 57 82 54
Ⅹ 70 48 71 48 69 48 67 58 83 56
变异系数CV (%) 19.5 4.4 15.6 8.2 14.0 7.0 12.5 7.6 23.7 4.8
变异系数2年平均(%)
CV average of two years		 12.0 11.9 10.5 10.1 14.3

Table 2

Variance analysis results of varieties, sowing dates and years"

变异来源
Source of variation		 自由度
df		 播始历期Seeding to heading stage 灌浆成熟期Filling and ripening stage
平方和
Anova SS		 均方
Mean square		 F值
F value		 P值
Pvalue		 平方和
Anova SS		 均方
Mean square		 F值
F value		 P值
Pvalue
年份Year 1 96.04 96.04 59.06 0.0000 2 106.80 2 106.80 178.48 0.0000
品种Cultivar 4 1 621.34 405.34 249.27 0.0000 1 251.80 312.94 26.51 0.0000
播期Sowing date 9 4 725.24 525.03 322.87 0.0000 3 194.00 354.80 30.06 0.0000
年份×品种Year×Cultivar 4 97.86 24.47 15.05 0.0000 690.24 172.56 14.62 0.0000
年份×播期Year×Sowing date 9 55.56 6.17 3.79 0.0019 1 172.50 130.28 11.04 0.0000
品种×播期Cultivar×Sowing date 36 163.86 4.55 2.80 0.0013 315.84 8.77 0.74 0.8113
误差Error 36 58.54 1.63 424.96 11.80
总和Total 99 6 818.44 9 156.10

Table 3

The trend of the stages from seeding to heading and filling and ripening stage with the change of sowing date"

品种
Cultivar		 线性回归方程Linear regression equation R 播期效应系数Sowing date effect coefficient
播始历期
Seeding to
heading stage		 灌浆成熟期
Filling and
ripening stage		 播始历期
Seeding to
heading stage		 灌浆成熟期
Filling and
ripening stage		 播始历期
Seeding to
heading stage		 灌浆成熟期
Filling and
ripening stage
9优418 9 you 418 y=-2.703x+108.3 y=1.875x+39.0 -0.9910** 0.9859** 0.4156 0.4456
南粳44 Nanjing 44 y=-2.518x+112.1 y=1.790x+38.8 -0.9910** 0.9365** 0.3391 0.5095
宁粳3号Ningjing 3 y=-2.675x+112.7 y=1.663x+40.3 -0.9920** 0.9061** 0.4059 0.4535
郑稻18 Zhengdao 18 y=-2.381x+101.4 y=1.518x+44.4 -0.9900** 0.9581** 0.3656 0.3891
隆优1875 Longyou 1875 y=-1.618x+99.1 y=2.869x+42.4 -0.9894** 0.9849** 0.2383 0.5702

Table 4

The daily average temperature changes at the seeding to heading stage and filling and ripening stage ℃"

生育时期
Growth stage		 播期
Sowing date		 9优418
9 you 418		 南粳44
Nanjing 44		 宁粳3号
Ningjing 3		 郑稻18
Zhengdao 18		 隆优1875
Longyou 1875		 平均
Average
2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012 2011 2012
播始历期 Ⅰ 25.2 25.9 25.2 26.0 25.2 26.0 25.0 25.9 25.0 25.8 25.5
Seeding to heading stage Ⅱ 26.1 26.2 26.1 26.2 26.2 26.4 25.9 26.1 25.9 26.1 26.1
Ⅲ 25.6 26.5 25.6 26.4 25.6 26.4 25.4 26.4 25.4 26.4 26.0
Ⅳ 25.7 26.6 25.6 26.6 25.6 26.6 26.2 26.6 26.2 26.6 26.2
Ⅴ 25.9 26.8 26.2 26.8 25.7 26.8 25.9 26.9 25.9 26.9 26.4
Ⅵ 25.8 27.0 25.7 26.8 25.7 26.8 25.9 27.1 25.9 27.0 26.4
Ⅶ 26.3 27.4 26.2 27.0 26.2 27.0 26.5 27.4 26.4 27.4 26.8
Ⅷ 26.3 27.4 26.2 27.3 26.2 27.2 26.5 27.7 26.3 27.5 26.9
Ⅸ 26.3 27.7 26.3 27.6 26.3 27.6 26.5 28.0 26.3 27.6 27.0
Ⅹ 26.3 27.6 26.2 27.5 26.1 27.5 26.3 27.7 26.3 27.6 26.9
平均Average 26.0 26.9 25.9 26.8 25.9 26.8 26.0 27.0 26.0 26.9 26.4
变异系数CV (%) 1.5 2.3 1.4 2.0 1.4 1.9 1.9 2.7 1.7 2.4 1.9
灌浆成熟期 Ⅰ 21.8 24.4 21.7 23.7 21.5 23.7 23.2 24.8 24.1 25.0 23.4
Filling and ripening stage Ⅱ 21.8 24.2 21.4 23.5 20.9 23.0 22.8 24.6 22.9 24.7 23.0
Ⅲ 21.3 23.7 20.9 23.2 20.5 23.2 22.0 24.3 21.7 24.3 22.5
Ⅳ 20.9 23.4 20.4 22.6 18.2 22.6 20.3 23.7 20.9 23.6 21.7
Ⅴ 20.4 23.0 19.5 22.5 20.1 22.5 20.9 23.3 20.2 23.3 21.6
Ⅵ 20.2 23.2 20.2 22.4 20.0 22.4 20.7 23.0 19.4 23.0 21.5
Ⅶ 20.0 22.4 19.6 21.5 17.6 22.2 20.6 22.6 17.7 22.2 20.6
Ⅷ 19.2 22.2 21.5 21.2 18.3 22.0 20.1 23.2 17.9 22.1 20.8
Ⅸ 18.4 22.0 17.6 20.8 17.6 21.0 19.8 22.2 17.2 21.8 19.8
Ⅹ 17.3 21.3 16.5 20.4 16.6 20.5 18.4 21.5 16.4 20.8 19.0
平均Average 20.1 23.0 19.9 22.2 19.1 22.3 20.9 23.3 19.8 23.1 21.4
变异系数CV (%) 7.3 4.3 8.6 5.2 8.7 4.3 6.9 4.6 12.9 5.9 6.9

Table 5

Model parameter values and RMSE test results"

品种Cultivar 模型模拟结果Model simulation results 根均方检验结果RMSE test results
R0 α R2 R Ρ RMSE r
9优418 9 you 418 0.01476 7.114 0.920 0.959** 0.000 2.302 0.956**
南粳44 Nanjing 44 0.01394 6.814 0.877 0.936** 0.000 2.577 0.936**
宁粳3号Ningjing 3 0.01435 7.320 0.828 0.910** 0.000 3.313 0.904**
郑稻18 Zhengdao 18 0.01438 5.412 0.893 0.945** 0.000 2.301 0.943**
隆优1875 Longyou 1875 0.01315 3.772 0.828 0.910** 0.000 1.974 0.908**

Table 6

Correlation analysis of filling and ripening stage and temperature ℃"

品种Cultivar 平均气温
Average temperature		 最高气温
Maximum temperature		 最低气温
Minimum temperature		 温差
Temperature difference
9优418 9 you 418 -0.842** -0.691** -0.836** -0.002
南粳44 Nanjing 44 -0.874** -0.763** -0.840** -0.248
宁粳3号Ningjing 3 -0.947** -0.884** -0.948** -0.135
郑稻18 Zhengdao 18 -0.535* -0.264 -0.615** -0.534*
隆优1875 Longyou 1875 -0.927** -0.858** -0.919** -0.034
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