Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 108-114.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.06.017

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Comparison of Growth Characteristics and Yields of Different Wheat Varieties Planted in the Approaching Winter in Northern Xinjiang

Su Wenping1(), Wang Huan1, Aimulaguli·Kuerban 1, Zhao Xinlin1, Xue Lihua2(), Zhang Jianxin1(), Liu Jun2, Sun Shiren2   

  1. 1College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
    2Grain Crops Research Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2020-12-03 Revised:2021-07-07 Online:2021-12-15 Published:2021-12-16
  • Contact: Xue Lihua,Zhang Jianxin E-mail:3317333764@qq.com;xuelihua521@126.com;zjxin401@126.com

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Abstract:

In order to choose the wheat varieties suitable for planting in the approaching winter in northern Xinjiang, field experiments were conducted to systematically compare the emergence rate, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation and yield of 18 wheat varieties. The results showed that the average emergence rate of spring wheat varieties (53.23%) was significantly higher than that of winter wheat varieties (34.20%) and the average emergence rate of Ningchun series varieties (60.83%) was higher than that of Xinchun series varieties (42.67%) under the lowest geothermal temperature was -7.93°C. The average growth period of winter varieties was 6d later ripening than that of spring varieties. The average growth period of the spring wheat ratieties (103d) was longer than that of the Nongmai and Yongliang varieties (88d) and the Ningchun varieties (92d). The emergence rates of Xinchun 48 and Xindong 41 were 45.60% and 52.00%, respectively. The basic seedling number were 3.42×106/ha and 3.90×106/ha, the number of ears were 4.59×106/ha and 3.65×106/ha, and the number of spikes were 34.90 and 33.84, respectively; the leaf area index peakes were 3.96 and 3.52; the total photosynthetic potentials were 247.00 and 231.21(m2·d)/m2. The dry matter weight, economic coefficients, and yield of Xinchun 48 and Xindong 41 were higher than the other varieties, the growth periods were 104 and 106d, respectively. According to the results of this study, Xinchun 48 and Xindong 41 were suitable for planting in the approaching winter in northern Xinjiang.

Key words: Planting in the approaching winter, Wheat varieties, Emergence rate, Growth characteristics, Yield

Fig.1

Dynamic of daily minimum ground temperature in 4cm soil layer during over-wintering period"

Table 1

Emergence rates and growth process of wheat varieties 月-日month-day"

品种类型
Variety type		 品种
Variety		 出苗期
Emergence		 出苗率
Emergence rate (%)		 分蘖期
Tillering		 拔节期
Jointing		 孕穗期
Booting		 开花期
Flowering		 成熟期
Maturity		 生育期
Growth period (d)
春小麦 宁春43号 03-29 57.33c 04-12 04-29 05-10 05-22 07-01 94
Spring wheat 宁春55号 04-01 61.73ab 04-12 04-29 05-10 05-22 07-01 91
宁春50号 04-01 62.67a 04-12 04-29 05-10 05-22 06-29 89
宁春4号 03-29 62.13ab 04-12 04-29 05-10 05-22 06-30 93
宁2038 03-29 60.27b 04-12 04-30 05-11 05-23 07-01 94
新春29号 04-06 24.00k 04-14 05-05 05-13 05-28 07-19 104
新春6号 04-02 48.27f 04-12 04-30 05-11 05-26 07-12 101
新春27号 04-02 52.80de 04-12 05-01 05-11 05-26 07-13 102
新春48号 04-02 45.60g 04-12 05-04 05-12 05-27 07-15 104
永良4号 03-29 52.00e 04-12 04-29 05-12 05-24 06-28 91
农麦5号 04-04 57.73c 04-12 05-01 05-12 05-24 06-28 85
农麦3号 04-04 54.27d 04-12 05-01 05-12 05-25 06-30 87
平均 53.23a 94
冬小麦 新冬41号 03-29 52.00e 04-12 05-01 05-13 05-25 07-13 106
Winter wheat 新冬22号 04-13 31.06ij 04-17 05-10 05-17 06-03 07-20 98
新冬18号 04-13 32.53hi 04-17 05-09 05-18 06-04 07-18 96
新冬53号 04-08 30.13j 04-15 05-09 05-16 06-03 07-17 100
新冬48号 04-08 25.73k 04-15 05-09 05-16 06-03 07-16 99
新冬51号 04-07 33.73h 04-15 05-09 05-17 06-04 07-20 104
平均 34.20b 100

Fig.2

Dynamics of total stem number in different wheat varieties"

Fig.3

Dynamics of LAI in various wheat varieties"

Fig.4

Photosynthetic mass and total photosynthetic potential in various group of wheat varieties"

Fig.5

Dynamics of dry matter accumulation in various wheat varieties"

Fig.6

Economic coefficients of various wheat varieties"

Table 2

Yield and yield components of various wheat varieties"

品种类型Variety type 品种Variety 穗数Ears (?104/hm2) 穗粒数Grain number per ear 千粒重1000-grain weight (g) 产量Yield (kg/hm2)
春小麦 宁春43号 426.65b 25.81f 49.66c 5388.89d
Spring wheat 宁春55号 396.65c 23.52g 50.13bc 4574.07fg
宁春50号 451.65a 20.62h 50.31bc 4592.59fg
宁春4号 460.00a 20.59h 50.27bc 4694.44f
宁2038 465.00a 17.85l 55.30a 4435.19g
新春29号 326.65e 29.19e 51.90bc 5000.00e
新春6号 456.65a 22.73gh 54.10ab 5509.26d
新春27号 418.35b 26.81f 52.53b 5740.74cd
新春48号 459.00a 34.90bc 48.79cd 7592.59a
永良4号 390.00c 23.85g 49.79c 4574.07fg
农麦5号 421.65b 21.75h 45.04d 4083.33h
农麦3号 383.35c 26.61f 45.77d 4583.33fg
冬小麦 新冬41号 365.00d 33.84c 55.01ab 6712.96b
Winter wheat 新冬22号 321.65e 31.24d 44.82d 4444.44g
新冬18号 360.00d 35.84b 45.11d 5750.00cd
新冬53号 266.65g 42.37a 46.58d 5277.78d
新冬48号 421.65b 26.81f 53.00ab 5833.33c
新冬51号 298.35f 34.91bc 40.50e 4194.44h
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