Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 134-138.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.06.021

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Effects of Biochar-Based Fertilizer on Soil Urease Activity and Yield of Potato

Gao Jia1(), Wang Jiao2, Wang Song2, Liu Hongjian2, Kang Jia2, Shen Hong2, Wang Haili2, Ren Shaoyong2()   

  1. 1Huzhou Lingliang Ecological Agriculture Co. Ltd., Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China
    2Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, Jiaxing 314000, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2020-12-31 Revised:2021-03-29 Online:2021-12-15 Published:2021-12-16
  • Contact: Ren Shaoyong E-mail:297149792@qq.com;498512574@qq.com

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Abstract:

To study the effects of biochar-based fertilizer in potato production, random block design was used to analyse the effects of biochar-based fertilizer on soil urease activity and yield of ‘Zhongshu 3’ by applying 0 (CK0), 300 (T1), 600 (T2), 900 (T3) and 1200 (T4) kg/hm 2 of biochar-based fertilizer and the same amount of N, P, K fertilizer (CK1, CK2, CK3, CK4, respectively). The results showed that at seedling stage, soil urease activity was observed as CK4 > T4 > CK3 > T3 > CK2 > T2 > CK1 > T1 > CK0, at the tuber growth and harvest stage, soil urease activity was observed as T4 > CK4 > T3 > CK3 > T2 > CK2 > T1 > CK1 > CK0. Soil urease activities at different growth stages of potato observed as tuber growth period > mature harvest stage > seedling stage. Urease activities in different soil layers were observed as 0-10cm > 10-20cm > 20-40cm. Potato production performance was showed as T3 > T4 > CK3 > T2 > CK4 > T1 > CK2 > CK1 > CK0. The yield and soil urease activity were extremely significant at the tuber growth and harvest stages. In the experiment, the yield of potato of 900kg/ha biochar-based fertilizer treatment were the highest, and it was the suitable match for Huzhou areas in Zhejiang province.

Key words: Biochar-based fertilizer, Potato, Soil urease activity, Yield

Table 1

Fertilization amounts of all treatments kg/hm2"

处理
Treatment		 施肥量Fertilization amounts
生物炭基肥
Biochar-based
fertilizer		 尿素
Urea		 过磷酸钙
Calcium
superphosphate		 硫酸钾
Potassium
sulfate
CK0 0 0 0 0
CK1 0 64.8 150 103.8
CK2 0 129.6 300 207.6
CK3 0 194.4 450 311.6
CK4 0 259.2 600 415.5
T1 300 0 0 0
T2 600 0 0 0
T3 900 0 0 0
T4 1200 0 0 0

Fig.1

Effects of biochar-based fertilizer on soil urease activity of different soil layers at seedling stage of potato"

Fig.2

Effects of biochar-based fertilizer on soil urease activity of different soil layers at the tuber growth stage of potato"

Fig.3

Effects of biochar-based fertilizer on soil urease activity of different soil layers at harvest stage of potato"

Table 2

Effects of biochar-based fertilizer on yield and its factors of potato"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 单株结薯数
Number of tuber
per plant		 单薯重
Single tuber
weight (g)		 大薯率
Rate of big
tuber (%)		 产量
Yield (kg/hm2)		 较CK0增产
Increased yield
compared with CK0 (%)
2019 CK0 3.75±0.18cA 101.22±7.68cB 36.11±2.70bB 19 851.56±844.86dD –
CK1 3.83±0.26bcA 112.11±5.24bcAB 37.20±4.16bB 22 557.84±2412.68cdCD 13.63
CK2 3.86±0.26abcA 116.59±16.02abAB 38.15±3.47bB 23 546.65±3158.10cdBCD 18.61
CK3 3.99±0.36abcA 123.65±8.38abA 45.43±3.42aA 25 960.64±4853.48abcABC 30.77
CK4 3.88±0.45abcA 118.13±15.43abAB 41.11±7.74aA 24 040.02±4273.37cABCD 21.10
T1 3.96±0.50abcAB 119.85±11.87abAB 45.23±4.09bB 25 014.82±3536.46bcABCD 26.01
T2 3.93±0.26abcAB 129.50±7.58aA 45.46±5.70bB 26 754.76±2469.52abcABC 34.77
T3 4.35±0.36aA 130.09±6.39aA 50.20±3.12aA 29 719.37±2514.76aA 49.71
T4 4.31±0.31aA 125.64±11.13abA 47.56±3.19aA 28 464.25±3898.39abAB 43.39
2020 CK0 4.03±0.19aA 98.43±7.41dC 39.84±2.05bB 23 424.12±903.85bB –
CK1 4.06±0.19aA 111.16±6.49cdBC 41.41±2.49bB 26 046.06±1451.15bAB 11.19
CK2 4.33±0.20aA 115.80±6.71cBC 43.60±2.38bB 28 270.24±1595.28abAB 20.69
CK3 4.62±0.36aA 138.99±5.52abA 57.93±3.93aA 30 986.49±1188.38abAB 32.28
CK4 4.38±0.25aA 131.81±7.49abAB 55.59±2.86aA 30 539.81±1231.56abAB 30.38
T1 4.30±0.33aA 113.39±4.20cBC 42.89±2.08bB 28 004.88±1602.29abAB 19.56
T2 4.36±0.22aA 125.45±1.61bcAB 44.08±2.16bB 28 345.14±1337.36abAB 21.01
T3 4.69±0.36aA 145.48±4.39aA 62.77±4.45aA 35 591.87±1460.50aA 51.95
T4 4.59±0.28aA 137.86±6.55abA 60.73±2.76aA 31 652.85±1785.39abAB 35.13

Table 3

Correlation of the soil urease activity and yield"

指标
Index		 时期
Period		 土层Soil layer (cm)
0~10 10~20 20~40
土壤脲酶
Soil urease		 苗期 0.686* 0.788** 0.781**
块茎增长期 0.967** 0.954** 0.926**
成熟收获期 0.943** 0.972** 0.967**
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