Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 189-192.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.06.030

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Long-Term No-Tillage Straw Returning on Soil Organic Carbon and Soybean Yield in Cold Region

Cai Lijun1(), Zhang Jingtao1(), Liu Jingqi1, Gai Zhijia1, Guo Zhenhua2, Zhao Guifan1   

  1. 1Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China
    2Rice Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi 154026, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2021-01-05 Revised:2021-10-20 Online:2021-12-15 Published:2021-12-16
  • Contact: Zhang Jingtao E-mail:cai_lijun@yeah.net;zhangjt2008@163.com

RichHTML

3

PDF (PC)

206

Abstract:

In order to optimize the cultivation techniques and measures of no-tillage mulching in cold region, the effects of 0%, 30%, 60% and 100% straw mulching on the contents of soil organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon under no-tillage condition were studied. The results showed that no-tillage straw returning was helpful to increase the contents of soil total organic carbon (4.1%-22.3%), soil active organic carbon (52.5%-75.5%) and soil microbial biomass carbon content (14.6%-44.7%); the total organic carbon, active organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon contents of surface soil increased with the increase of straw returning, the total organic carbon content of subsurface soil was the highest with 60% straw returning, and the microbial biomass carbon content of subsurface soil were higher with 60% and 100% straw returning; the yield of soybean was the highest with 30% straw returning, followed by 60% straw returning. Under the condition of no-tillage in cold region for nine years, 60% straw returning had significant effects on soil organic carbon retention and soybean yield improvement.

Key words: No-tillage, Straw returning, Total organic carbon, Active organic carbon, Microbial biomass carbon, Soybean yield

Fig.1

Effects of no-tillage straw returning on soil total organic carbon contents Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference (P < 0.05), the same below"

Fig.2

Effects of no-tillage straw returning on soil active organic carbon contents"

Fig.3

Effects of no-tillage straw returning on soil microbial biomass carbon contents"

Table 1

Effects of no-tillage straw returning on soybean yield and its components"

秸秆还田量
Straw returning
rate (%)		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 底荚高度
Bottom pod
height (cm)		 无效节数
Invalid
nodes		 有效节数
Effective
nodes		 单株荚数
Pods per
plant		 单株粒数
Grains per
plant		 百粒重
100-grain
weight (g)		 收获密度（株/m2）
Harvest density
(plant/m2)		 产量
Yield
(kg/hm2)
0 71.7a 10.7a 3.7c 8.9b 25.5c 51.0d 21.7a 32.6a 3708.0b
30 70.8a 10.0a 4.0c 9.6a 41.5a 91.8a 20.7a 33.6a 4162.5a
60 71.2a 12.4b 4.5b 8.7b 34.0b 81.5b 19.3b 32.0a 3844.5b
100 68.4b 12.0b 5.0a 8.4c 31.5b 76.5c 19.7b 28.0b 3289.5c
[1] 郑华平. 保护性耕作措施的综合效应研究及其生态与经济效益评价. 兰州:甘肃农业大学, 2004.
[2] 李成芳, 寇志奎, 张枝盛, 等. 秸秆还田对免耕稻田温室气体排放及土壤有机碳固定的影响. 农业环境科学学报, 2011, 30(11):2362-2367.
[3] 张鹏, 李涵, 贾志宽, 等. 秸秆还田对宁南旱区土壤有机碳含量及土壤碳矿化的影响. 农业环境科学学报, 2011, 30(12):2518-2525.
[4] 王虎, 王旭东, 田宵鸿. 秸秆还田对土壤有机碳不同活性组分储量及分配的影响. 应用生态学报, 2014, 25(12):3491-3498.
[5] 宫亮, 孙文涛, 王聪翔, 等. 玉米秸秆还田对土壤肥力的影响. 玉米科学, 2008(2):122-124,130.
[6] 郝翔翔, 杨春葆, 苑亚茹, 等. 连续秸秆还田对黑土团聚体中有机碳含量及土壤肥力的影响. 中国农学通报, 2013, 29(35):263-269.
[7] 战秀梅, 宋涛, 冯小杰, 等. 耕作及秸秆还田对辽南地区土壤水分及春玉米水分利用效率的影响. 沈阳农业大学学报, 2017, 48(6):666-672.
[8] 汤宏, 沈健林, 张杨珠, 等. 秸秆还田与水分管理对稻田土壤微生物量碳、氮及溶解性有机碳、氮的影响. 水土保持学报, 2013, 27(1):240-246.
[9] 周兴祥, 高焕文, 刘晓峰. 华北平原一年两熟保护性耕作体系试验研究. 农业工程学报, 2001(6):81-84.
[10] 孙利军, 张仁陟, 黄高宝, 等. 黄土高原半干旱区保护性耕作适应性评价. 中国生态农业学报, 2008, 16(5):1122-1126.
[11] 吴金水, 林启美, 黄巧云, 等. 土壤微生物生物量测定方法及其应用. 北京: 气象出版社, 2006:54-68.
[12] 鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000:30-34.
[13] 徐明岗, 于荣, 王伯仁. 长期不同施肥下红壤活性有机质与碳库管理指数变化. 土壤学报, 2006, 43(5):723-729.
[14] 张林森, 刘富庭, 张永旺, 等. 不同覆盖方式对黄土高原地区苹果园土壤有机碳组分及微生物的影响. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(15):108-118.
[15] 徐尚起, 崔思远, 陈阜, 等. 耕作方式对稻田土壤有机碳组分含量及其分布的影响. 农业环境科学学报, 2011, 30(1):127-132.
[16] 孙凤霞, 张伟华, 徐明岗, 等. 长期施肥对红壤微生物生物量碳氮和微生物碳源利用的影响. 应用生态学报, 2010, 21(11):2792-2798.
[17] 荣国华. 秸秆还田对土壤酶活性、微生物量及群落功能多样性的影响. 哈尔滨:东北农业大学, 2018.
[18] 刘艳慧, 王双磊, 李金埔, 等. 棉花秸秆还田对土壤速效养分及微生物特性的影响. 作物学报, 2016, 42(7):1037-1046.
[19] 殷士学, 宋明芝, 封克. 免耕法对土壤微生物和生物活性的影响. 土壤学报, 1992, 29(4):370-376.
[20] 盖志佳, 吴嘉彧, 张敬涛, 等. 大豆玉米持续轮作免耕对土壤养分及作物产量的影响. 中国农学通报, 2019, 35(5):100-106.
[21] 王幸, 邢兴华, 徐泽俊, 等. 耕作方式和秸秆还田对黄淮海夏大豆产量和土壤理化性状的影响. 中国油料作物学报, 2017, 39(6):834-841.
[22] 杨水源. 耕作覆盖方式对旱作大豆产量及土壤水热效应影响的研究. 呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学, 2017.
[23] 张敬涛, 刘婧琦, 赵桂范, 等. 免耕栽培不同秸秆覆盖量下土壤温度变化研究. 中国农学通报, 2015, 31(27):224-228.
[24] 张敬涛, 刘婧琦, 赵桂范, 等. 免耕秸秆覆盖对大豆田土壤含水量的影响. 农学学报, 2015, 5(8):48-51.
[1] Li Xinhao, Li Jun, Wan Lin, Liu Lixin, Liu Junquan, Ma Ni. Effects of No-Tillage and Drilling on Growth, Root System and Yield of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) in Hilly Area [J]. Crops, 2021, 37(6): 139-144.
[2] Wang Guojiao, Song Peng, Yang Zhenzhong, Zhang Wenzhong. Effects of Straw Returning on Photosynthetic Matter Production Characteristics, Quality of Rice and Soil Nutrients [J]. Crops, 2021, 37(4): 67-72.
[3] Liu Xuetong, Zheng Chunlian, Cao Wei, Dang Hongkai, Cao Caiyun, Li Xiaoshuang, Li Kejiang, Ma Junyong. Effects of Long-Term Located Fertilization on Soil Organic Matter, Nitrogen Forms and Crop Yields [J]. Crops, 2021, 37(4): 130-135.
[4] Meng Xiangyu, Ran Cheng, Liu Baolong, Zhao Zhexuan, Bai Jingjing, Geng Yanqiu. Effects of Straw Returning to Field and Nitrogen Application on Soil Nutrients and Rice Yield in Black Soil Areas of Northeast China [J]. Crops, 2021, 37(3): 167-172.
[5] Zhou Zhengping, Tian Baogeng, Chen Wanhua, Wang Ziyang, Yuan Wei, Liu Shiping. Effects of Different Tillage Methods and Straw Returning on Soil Nutrients and Wheat Yield and Quality [J]. Crops, 2021, 37(3): 78-83.
[6] Liu Jianzhao, Yuan Jingchao, Liang Yao, He Yu, Zhang Shuimei, Shi Haipeng, Cai Hongguang, Ren Jun. Analysis of Field Verification and Benefit on Full Maize Straw Returning with Deep Plowing Mode [J]. Crops, 2021, 37(2): 135-139.
[7] Huang Shaohui, Yang Junfang, Liu Xuetong, Yang Yunma, Xing Suli, Han Baowen, Liu Mengchao, Jia Liangliang, He Ping. Effects of Wheat Long-Term Straw Returning on Soil Phosphorus Content and Phosphorus Balance in Loamy Tidal Soil [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(6): 89-96.
[8] Luo Yuqiong, Yan Bo, Wu Ke, Xie Huimin, Liang He, Jiang Ligeng. Effects of No-Tillage and Straw Returning on Soil Fertility and Rice Yield in Farmland [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(5): 133-139.
[9] Song Qiulai, Wang Qi, Feng Yanjiang, Sun Yu, Zeng Xiannan, Lai Yongcai. Effects of Paddy-Upland Rotation and Straw Returning on Soil Related Enzyme Activities in Cold Region [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(3): 149-153.
[10] Qi Hua,Li Congfeng,Zhao Ming,Jiang Ying. Developments and Prospects of Conservation Tillage in the Dryland of Northern China [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(2): 16-19.
[11] Diao Shengpeng,Gao Riping,Gao Yu,Ren Yongfeng,Zhao Peiyi,Yuan Wei,Gao Xuefeng. Effects of Straw Returning on Soil Hydrothermal and Yield of Maize in Loess Plateau of Inner Mongolia [J]. Crops, 2019, 35(6): 83-89.
[12] Li Guannan,Huang Lihua,Zhang Lu,Chen Jiaxing,Yang Jingmin. Effects of Organic Fertilizer and Straw Returning on Nutrition and Taste Quality of Rice in Saline-Sodic Soil of Northeast China [J]. Crops, 2019, 35(5): 82-88.
[13] Xiao Guo, Shouyi Wang, Tianyi Yuan, Yuting Ye, Yifu Zhang, Yifu Jin, Ruihong Zhang, Hongcheng Zhang. Research Status and Prospects on Wheat No-Tillage Seeder [J]. Crops, 2019, 35(2): 39-45.
[14] Xiaojun Xiao,Weisheng Lü,Paolan Yu,Wei Zheng,Yazhen Li,Lei Hu,Fuliang Xiao,Shaowen Zhang,Tianbao Huang,Guobin Xiao. Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Yield Formation and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Early Rice under Rape Straw Returning in Triple Cropping [J]. Crops, 2019, 35(2): 103-109.
[15] Yufei Zhang,Lizhi Liu,Yuxuan Ma,Xiaochun Wang,Jianjun Dai. Effects of Tillage and Straw Returning Methods on Maize Yield and Potassium Accumulation and Transport [J]. Crops, 2019, 35(2): 122-127.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!