Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 67-71.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.06.011

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Response of Different Spring Wheat Varieties to Nitrogen Treatment

Gao Tiantian(), Wang Demei, Wang Yanjie, Yang Yushuang, Chang Xuhong(), Zhao Guangcai()   

  1. Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2021-02-06 Revised:2021-07-08 Online:2021-12-15 Published:2021-12-16
  • Contact: Chang Xuhong,Zhao Guangcai E-mail:gtt1368518579@126.com;changxuhong@caas.cn;zhaoguangcai@caas.cn

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Abstract:

To explore the response of spring wheat varieties to nitrogen treatment, pot experiment was conducted with Egypt1 and Egypt2 (coming from Egypt), Jinqiang 6 and Jinqiang 11 (coming from Tianjin, China) spring wheat varieties, under no nitrogen (B1), urea 1g/pot (B2), urea 1.5g/pot (B3) nitrogen treatments. Plant characteristics, yield, protein content and its components were measured at maturity stage. The results showed that the spike length, number of grains per spike, number of spikelets, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield of Egypt2 were all higher than those of Jinqiang 6, but Jinqiang 6 had the highest total protein content, albumin, prolamin and glutelin. With the increase in the amount of N applied at jointing stage, the number of grains per spike, the 1000-grain weight, the grain yield, the content of protein and its constituents of wheat gradually increased, and the B3 treatment was the highest. Among the different treatment combinations, Egypt2 with the higher nitrogen input had the highest 1000-grain weight and yield, while Jinqiang 6 with the higher nitrogen input had the highest content of total protein and its components in the grain. Increasing the nitrogen supply at jointing stage was beneficial to increase the wheat yield, the contents of total protein and its constituents. In conclusion, the yield of Egypt2 was the highest and the protein content of Jinqiang 6 was the highest. Wheat yield and quality were improved by the rational application of nitrogen fertilizer, and wheat growth was best when 1.5g/pot of urea was applied. The variety and the amount of nitrogen applied had a major influence on the yield and quality of wheat.

Key words: Spring wheat, Jointing stage, Nitrogen application rate, Yield, Protein content

Table 1

Basic nutrients of soil"

土壤
类型
Soil
type		 有机质
Organic
matter
(g/kg)		 全氮
Total
nitrogen
(g/kg)		 碱解氮
Alkaline hydrolysis
nitrogen
(mg/kg)		 速效磷
Available
phosphorus
(mg/kg)		 速效钾
Available
potassium
(mg/kg)
黑土
Black soil		 26.135 3.464 276.65 47.85 234

Table 2

Agronomic characteristics and yield differences among spring wheat varieties"

品种
Variety		 株高
Plant height (cm)		 穗长
Spike length (cm)		 穗粒数
Grains per spike		 总小穗数
Total spikelet		 千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 产量（g/盆）
Grain yield (g/pot)
A1 48.06±1.51cC 6.29±0.28cC 21.38±0.56cB 17.16±0.41bAB 46.13±3.16bB 7.86±0.59cC
A2 57.83±1.70bB 7.16±0.20aA 32.79±1.56aA 18.00±0.38aA 55.88±1.81aA 14.66±0.77aA
A3 61.30±2.94aA 6.98±0.22aAB 31.61±1.55abA 15.17±0.59dC 44.08±1.35cB 11.16±0.79bB
A4 40.54±3.06dD 6.68±0.37bB 31.38±0.66bA 16.30±0.87cB 45.70±0.62bcB 11.49±0.23bB

Table 3

Effects of nitrogen application amount on agronomic characteristics and yield of spring wheat"

处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant height (cm)		 穗长
Spike length (cm)		 穗粒数
Grains per spike		 总小穗数
Total spikelet		 千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 产量（g/盆）
Grain yield (g/pot)
B1 52.51±9.30aA 6.92±0.38aA 29.08±5.09aA 16.65±1.35aA 47.30±4.57bA 11.03±2.64aA
B2 52.57±8.77aA 6.68±0.48aA 29.33±4.54aA 16.78±1.09aA 47.51±5.38bA 11.22±2.47aA
B3 50.73±8.36aA 6.73±0.41aA 29.46±5.17aA 16.54±1.26aA 49.03±5.48aA 11.62±2.62aA

Table 4

Effects of different treatment combinations on agronomic traits and yield of spring wheat"

处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant height (cm)		 穗长
Spike length (cm)		 穗粒数
Grains per spike		 总小穗数
Total spikelet		 千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 产量（g/盆）
Grain yield (g/pot)
A1B1 46.43dCD 6.43defCDE 21.07bB 17.23abcABC 45.30cdBC 7.47cC
A1B2 49.00dC 6.10fE 21.90bB 17.23abcABC 44.77dBC 7.83cC
A1B3 48.73dC 6.33efDE 21.17bB 17.00abcABC 48.33cB 8.27cC
A2B1 57.80bcB 7.27aA 33.27aA 18.23aA 53.77bA 14.30aA
A2B2 58.43bcB 6.97abcABCD 32.00aA 17.93aA 56.30abA 14.43aA
A2B3 57.27cB 7.23aAB 33.10aA 17.83abAB 57.57aA 15.23aA
A3B1 64.03aA 7.10abABC 31.20aA 15.07dD 44.23dBC 11.07bB
A3B2 61.67abAB 7.00abcABCD 31.70aA 15.27dD 43.70dC 11.10bB
A3B3 58.20bcB 6.83abcdeABCD 31.93aA 15.17dD 44.30dBC 11.30bB
A4B1 41.77eDE 6.87abcdABCD 30.77aA 16.07cdCD 45.90cdBC 11.30bB
A4B2 41.17eE 6.63bcdeABCDE 31.73aA 16.67bcABCD 45.27cdBC 11.50bB
A4B3 38.70eE 6.53cdefBCDE 31.63aA 16.17cdBCD 45.93cdBC 11.67bB

Table 5

Protein contents differences among different spring wheat varieties %"

品种Variety 总蛋白质Total protein 清蛋白Albumin 球蛋白Globulin 醇溶蛋白Prolamin 谷蛋白Glutelin
A1 16.26±1.04bB 3.61±0.22bB 1.93±0.09bB 4.44±0.46abAB 5.95±0.39cB
A2 15.27±0.38cC 3.45±0.12cB 2.13±0.08aA 4.35±0.30bcAB 5.06±0.31dC
A3 18.20±0.94aA 3.92±0.20aA 2.09±0.10aA 4.66±0.28aA 6.73±0.27aA
A4 16.43±0.79bB 3.51±0.11bcB 2.08±0.17aA 4.11±0.15cB 6.41±0.32bA

Table 6

Effects of nitrogen application amount on protein contents of spring wheat %"

处理Treatment 总蛋白质Total protein 清蛋白Albumin 球蛋白Globulin 醇溶蛋白Prolamin 谷蛋白Glutelin
B1 16.29±1.18bB 3.58±0.18bA 2.07±0.16abA 4.29±0.27aA 5.95±0.83aA
B2 16.30±1.21bB 3.59±0.22bA 2.01±0.13bA 4.40±0.32aA 5.96±0.69aA
B3 17.03±1.55aA 3.70±0.31aA 2.10±0.11aA 4.47±0.48aA 6.20±0.63aA

Table 7

Effects of different treatment combinations on protein contents of spring wheat %"

处理Treatment 总蛋白质Total protein 清蛋白Albumin 球蛋白Globulin 醇溶蛋白Prolamin 谷蛋白Glutelin
A1B1 15.55±0.91efEF 3.50±0.27cdCDE 1.94±0.07cdCD 4.12±0.42cdBC 5.73±0.33deCDE
A1B2 15.97±0.87defCDEF 3.51±0.10cdCDE 1.85±0.08dD 4.43±0.54abcdABC 5.95±0.52cdBCD
A1B3 17.25±0.64bcBCD 3.82±0.10bABC 2.00±0.06bcdBCD 4.77±0.28abAB 6.18±0.29bcdABC
A2B1 15.02±0.08fF 3.53±0.13cdCDE 2.16±0.10abABC 4.26±0.04bcdABC 4.80±0.14fF
A2B2 15.45±0.51efF 3.48±0.09dCDE 2.15±0.08abABC 4.52±0.21abcABC 5.07±0.37fEF
A2B3 15.34±0.41efF 3.34±0.04dE 2.08±0.06abcABC 4.26±0.49bcdABC 5.32±0.16efDEF
A3B1 17.52±0.61bBC 3.74±0.15bcBCD 2.03±0.08bcABCD 4.58±0.24abcABC 6.67±0.20abAB
A3B2 17.91±0.75bAB 3.92±0.13abAB 2.04±0.04bcABCD 4.51±0.30abcABC 6.60±0.35abAB
A3B3 19.18±0.59aA 4.11±0.13aA 2.20±0.03aAB 4.89±0.22aA 6.93±0.17aA
A4B1 17.06±0.11bcdBCDE 3.56±0.12cdCDE 2.24±0.19aA 4.22±0.00cdABC 6.62±0.28abAB
A4B2 15.87±1.05efDEF 3.44±0.11dDE 1.98±0.09cdCD 4.14±0.04cdBC 6.22±0.39bcdABC
A4B3 16.36±0.54cdeBCDEF 3.53±0.18cdCDE 2.00±0.12bcdBCD 3.97±0.21dC 6.39±0.23abcABC
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