Crops ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 255-260.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.05.037

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Study on the Physiological Response of Broomcorn Millet to Different Herbicides

Dong Yang()   

  1. Qiqihar Sub-Academy of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161006, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2021-06-21 Revised:2021-07-19 Online:2022-10-15 Published:2022-10-19

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Abstract:

In order to find out the effect of herbicides on yield components and physiology characteristics of broomcorn millet, and to screen out herbicides suitable for broomcorn millet fields in semi-arid areas, Qishu 2 was used as material and treated with four different herbicides. The photosynthetic indices, physiological indexes in leaves and agronomic characteristics of broomcorn millet were analyzed in 7, 14, 21 days after treatment. Results showed that with the increase of herbicide concentration, SOD activity, Pro and MDA contents in the leaves increased. With the extension of herbicide stress time, SOD activity, Pro and MDA contents in the leaves increased first and then decreased. After spraying four kinds of herbicides, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were all decreased. The sensitivity of broomcorn millet to the four herbicides tested was different. Herbicides had different effects on agronomic traits and yield. Herbicides had little effect on stem diameter, but promote tillering. The main stem height, 1000-grain weight, main ear grain weight, main ear weight and yield under each treatment were lower than those of the control, which indicated that herbicides had inhibitory effect on yield components. Under the experimental conditions, spraying 50% 2,4-D isooctyl ester was safer for its the least stress on physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of broomcorn millet. Spraying 50% 2,4-D isooctyl ester at 1000mL/ha after seedling was the optimum dose in broomcorn millet field.

Key words: Herbicide, Broomcorn millet, Physiological characteristics, Photosynthetic characteristics, Physiological response

Table 1

Herbicide treatments and dosages"

处理
Treatment		 除草剂
Herbicide		 施药剂量
Dose		 生产商
Manufacturer
T1 50% 2,4-D异辛酯
(mL/hm2)		 1000 山东中石药业有限公司
T2 1600
T3 2200
T4 48%灭草松
(mL/hm2)		 1000 德国巴斯夫欧洲公司
T5 1600
T6 2200
T7 15%噻吩磺隆
(g/hm2)		 100 江苏瑞邦农化股份有限公司
T8 200
T9 300
T10 38%莠去津
(mL/hm2)		 3000 吉林金秋农药有限公司
T11 5000
T12 7000
CK 清水 –

Table 2

Effects of herbicides on physiological characteristics in broomcorn millet"

处理
Treatment		 除草剂
Herbicide		 SOD (U/g) MDA (nmol/g) Pro (μg/g)
7d 14d 21d 7d 14d 21d 7d 14d 21d
T1 50% 2,4-D异辛酯 227.45fh 256.23g 223.86f 33.41gh 57.96f 45.84f 123.43e 183.65d 164.43d
T2 265.92e 315.86de 238.54e 59.15e 77.42d 78.66d 147.64d 210.43c 164.43d
T3 305.83c 364.44c 272.67c 82.85c 102.53c 96.22c 183.29b 235.81b 222.55b
T4 48%灭草松 246.76ef 275.90f 239.56e 38.67g 42.74g 49.41f 97.24f 136.80f 125.76f
T5 286.41de 330.01d 254.49d 73.63d 63.82e 75.04de 125.16e 158.43e 137.32ef
T6 317.81b 389.15b 282.84b 115.17a 142.10a 143.99a 168.93c 235.77b 201.25bc
T7 15%噻吩磺隆 261.80e 261.80f 242.73e 51.56f 70.08de 58.22e 163.55c 215.56c 195.34c
T8 310.66bc 356.77c 265.24cd 72.74d 122.13b 117.15b 176.46bc 238.95b 215.71b
T9 333.24a 418.36a 303.02a 109.20a 135.21a 142.41a 211.76a 285.44a 253.82a
T10 38%莠去津 235.37f 259.84g 217.73g 50.22f 71.26de 64.53e 120.07e 164.89e 146.78e
T11 262.92e 310.72e 236.15ef 69.36de 102.64c 80.84d 145.63d 206.23c 196.31c
T12 294.15d 347.61cd 240.98e 92.78b 126.58b 112.46b 188.45b 235.70b 216.74b
CK 清水 162.54h 184.53i 214.67g 28.69h 32.82h 35.17g 96.40f 113.31g 111.56g

Table 3

Effects of herbicides on photosynthetic characteristics in broomcorn millet"

处理
Treatment		 除草剂
Herbicide		 SPAD Pn [μmol/(m2·s)] Gs [mmol/(m2·s)] Tr [mmol/(m2·s)]
7d 14d 21d 7d 14d 21d 7d 14d 21d 7d 14d 21d
T1 50% 2,4-D异辛酯 34.65b 37.77b 39.95b 21.52b 25.37b 29.56b 158.18ab 177.51ab 220.33a 2.56b 3.32b 4.35ab
T2 33.86cd 36.73cde 39.27bc 18.37de 22.84d 28.83cd 127.62e 156.19d 216.52ab 2.24d 3.10cde 4.30abc
T3 32.53f 36.25cde 39.13bc 15.97f 20.99ef 28.78cd 96.57g 134.20e 204.76def 1.83g 2.94ef 4.18bcd
T4 48%灭草松 33.58de 36.16cde 39.32bc 21.04c 25.13bc 29.63b 153.86b 175.62bc 216.67abc 2.46c 3.25bc 4.30abc
T5 33.10e 35.78def 38.96bc 18.52d 22.45d 29.02bc 126.30ue 154.05d 211.38abcd 2.11e 3.00def 4.19abcd
T6 32.43f 35.31ef 38.77c 16.18f 20.76ef 28.68cd 93.04gh 133.87e 199.23ef 1.75g 2.74gh 4.06de
T7 15%噻吩磺隆 31.87f 34.89fg 37.77d 18.40de 22.94d 27.78e 139.89d 163.94c 199.53ef 2.01f 3.03def 4.10de
T8 30.24g 34.63g 37.13de 15.36g 20.43f 27.22f 116.57f 137.67e 196.87f 1.83g 2.89fg 4.02de
T9 28.49h 33.94g 36.56e 13.25i 18.74g 25.87g 82.75i 112.43f 185.43g 1.36i 2.66h 3.96e
T10 38%莠去津 34.24bc 37.40b 39.53bc 20.96cd 24.51c 28.56cd 146.92c 169.59bc 207.67bcde 2.25d 3.12cd 4.13cde
T11 33.55de 37.05bc 38.95bc 17.24e 21.64e 28.15de 125.43e 148.76d 206.11cdef 2.02f 3.01def 4.05de
T12 32.22f 36.58cd 38.62c 15.12h 20.57f 27.72e 90.20h 134.83e 198.30f 1.59h 2.77gh 3.96e
CK 清水 37.64a 39.57a 41.14a 23.20a 28.68a 30.86a 164.83a 183.72a 220.52a 2.97a 3.50a 4.37a

Table 4

Effects of herbicide on agronomic characteristics of broomcorn millet"

处理
Treatment		 除草剂
Herbicide		 主茎高
Height of
main stem
(cm)		 分蘖数
Tiller		 主茎粗
Diameter of
main stem
(mm)
T1 50% 2,4-D异辛酯 137.4b 3.3de 8.45a
T2 135.6bc 3.7cd 8.38b
T3 130.0cd 3.8c 9.02a
T4 48%灭草松 134.9bc 3.4de 8.25b
T5 131.1c 4.2bc 8.63a
T6 128.5d 4.0c 8.88a
T7 15%噻吩磺隆 128.6d 3.4de 8.50a
T8 127.9de 4.3bc 8.41ab
T9 127.3de 3.8c 8.47a
T10 38%莠去津 139.8a 3.6d 8.75a
T11 138.6ab 5.3a 8.62a
T12 135.4bc 4.7b 8.48a
CK 清水 139.5a 3.0e 8.97a

Table 5

Effects of herbicide on yield and its components of broomcorn millet"

处理
Treatment		 除草剂
Herbicide		 主穗重
Weight of main panicle (g)		 主穗粒重
Grain weight of main panicle (g)		 千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 产量
Yield (kg/hm2)
T1 50% 2,4-D异辛酯 9.86b 7.34b 6.75a 4387.36b
T2 9.42c 7.01c 6.42bc 4267.62d
T3 8.42e 6.27de 6.26d 4199.73e
T4 48%灭草松 9.83b 7.40b 6.80a 4334.47bc
T5 9.50c 7.11c 6.43bc 4254.85d
T6 8.48e 6.20ef 6.29cd 4206.64e
T7 15%噻吩磺隆 8.47e 6.11fg 6.42bc 4252.78d
T8 8.01f 5.68h 6.20d 4178.30fg
T9 7.25g 4.89i 6.03e 4087.94h
T10 38%莠去津 9.45c 7.02c 6.54b 4305.47c
T11 8.74d 6.38d 6.25d 4185.68f
T12 8.11f 5.96g 6.08e 4163.79g
CK 清水 10.87a 8.52a 6.81a 4626.81a
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