Crops ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 30-35.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.02.005

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Effects of 60Co on the Main Agronomic Characteristics of Mungbean and Creation of Specific Mutants

Cao Zhimin1(), Fan Baojie1, Liu Changyou1, Zhang Zhixiao1, Cao Yumei2, Wang Yan1, Su Qiuzhu1, Wang Shen1, Liu Jianjun3, Tian Jing1()   

  1. 1Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China
    2Qian'an Bureau of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, Qian'an 064400, Hebei, China
    3Hebei Industry and Technology Academy of Coarse Cereals, Quzhou 057250, Hebei, China
  • Received:2021-10-09 Revised:2021-12-03 Online:2023-04-15 Published:2023-04-11

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Abstract:

Radiation induced mutation is an effective way to obtain novel materials for breeding, but few studies on radiation induced mutation were reported in mungbean. In this study, dry seeds of three cultivars with different seed size of Jilü 10, Jilü 15 and V1128 were irradiated with 60Co at doses of 300, 400, 500, 600, 700Gy, respectively. The variation of seedling emergence rate and main agronomic characteristics of the progenies were analyzed, and the mutants of the progenies were selected. The results showed that different radiation doses had different radiation effects on mungbean varieties with different seed sizes, among which, the seedling emergence rates of the large and middle seed varieties Jilü 10 and Jilü 15 were obviously inhibited. The effects of high-dose radiation on the branches of main stem among the vegetative traits of the progenies were the greatest. The number of pods per plant and yield were increased significantly, however, the pod length and the number of seeds per pod were inhibited to some extent with high-dose radiation. A series of novel mutants with stable genetics, including no branching, male sterility and special pod type were found after successive planting and selection. This study indicated that radiation induced mutation could be helpful for mungbean breeding and the novel materials in the present study can be used for further study of important traits.

Key words: 60Co, Mungbean, Agronomic characteristics, Mutant

Fig.1

Effects of 60Co rays irradiation on seedling emergence rate on M0 generation in mungbean Different letters indicate significant difference at P < 0.05 level"

Table 1

Comparison of main agronomic characteristics of plant height, branches and nodes of main stem in M2 generation"

品种
Variety		 剂量
Dose (Gy)		 株高Plant height (cm) 主茎分枝数Branches of main stem 主茎节数Nodes of main stem
CK M2 CK M2 CK M2
冀绿10号
Jilü 10		 600 55.50 57.24 2.20 2.90** 10.20 11.35
700 56.40 2.91** 9.58
冀绿15
Jilü 15		 600 60.00 51.62 2.60 2.14 10.80 10.90
700 53.31 2.29 11.11
V1128 600 60.50 57.54 3.90 4.29* 12.30 12.63
700 58.56 4.23* 12.40

Table 2

Comparison of main agronomic characteristics of pod number per plant, pod length and seed number per pod in M2 generation"

品种
Variety		 剂量
Dose (Gy)		 单株荚数Pod number per plant 荚长Pod length (cm) 单荚粒数Seed number per pod
CK M2 CK M2 CK M2
冀绿10号Jilü 10 600 28.00 36.10* 9.85 8.64 12.15 9.59
700 28.16 8.08* 8.35*
冀绿15 Jilü 15 600 27.40 28.30 9.30 9.39 8.60 9.58
700 29.79 9.35 9.22
V1128 600 10.10 14.13* 6.50 6.47 10.70 10.09
700 12.28 6.37 9.81

Table 3

Comparison of main agronomic characteristics of 100-grain weight and grain weight per plant in M2 generation g"

品种
Variety		 剂量
Dose
(Gy)		 百粒重
100-grain
weight		 单株粒重
Grain weight
per plant
CK M2 CK M2
冀绿10号Jilü 10 600 5.98 5.54 13.25 14.52
700 5.72 12.64
冀绿15 Jilü 15 600 5.42 5.74 11.45 12.39
700 5.76 11.66
V1128 600 2.72 2.82 2.40 3.42*
700 2.85 2.83

Table 4

Effects of radiation on yield of M2 generation kg/hm2"

品种
Variety		 剂量
Dose (Gy)		 产量Yield
CK M2
冀绿10号Jilü 10 600 1590.21 1743.01*
700 1516.70*
冀绿15 Jilü 15 600 1373.60 1487.01*
700 1399.10*
V1128 600 288.32 339.30*
700 411.00**

Fig.2

Comparison of individual plants with plant type variation"

Fig.3

Pollen KI-I2 staining results of sterile mutant materials and CK"

Fig.4

Comparison of pod length between mutant and CK of Jilü 10"

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