Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 186-191.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.03.025

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Effects of Nitrogen Base Fertilizer and Topdressing Ratio on the Growth, Yield and Sugar Content of Sugar Beet under Shallow Buried Drip Irrigation

Li Zhi1(), Guo Xiaoxia1, Huang Chunyan1, Jian Caiyuan1, Tian Lu1, Han Kang1, Ren Xiaoyun1, Ren Huimin1, Zhang Peng2, Liu Jia2, Kong Dejuan2, Wang Zhenzhen2, Su Wenbin1()   

  1. 1Special Crops Institute, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031,Inner Mongolia, China
    2Ulanqab Institute of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Jining 012000, Inner Mongolia, China
  • Received:2023-06-28 Revised:2023-10-18 Online:2024-06-15 Published:2024-06-18

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Abstract:

The effects of nitrogen base fertilizer and topdressing ratio on leaf thickness, vein number per unit length, plant height, leaf area index (LAI), root-shoot ratio, dry matter accumulation per plant, yield and sugar content of sugar beet were investigated under shallow buried drip irrigation for two consecutive years from 2021 to 2022. The results showed that sugar content, leaf thickness and root-shoot ratio decreased with the nitrogen topdressing ratio increase, while yield, sugar yield, plant height, LAI and dry matter accumulation per plant of sugar beet increased significantly. The yield and sugar yield of N3 treatment (base fertilizer to topdressing 6:4 of nitrogen fertilizer) were increased by 6.93%-8.04% and 6.12%-8.94%, respectively compared with CK treatment. Correlation analysis showed that sugar beet yield was positively correlated with plant height, LAI and dry matter accumulation per plant, but negatively correlated with leaf thickness. Therefore, it is recommended that the ratio of base fertilizer to topdressing 6:4 of nitrogen fertilizer is beneficial to increase the yield and sugar yield of beet under shallow drip irrigation.

Key words: Sugar beet, Shallow buried drip irrigation, Growth index, Yield, Sugar content

Fig.1

Survey display of phenotypic characteristics of sugar beet in different magnification times"

Table 1

Effects of different base fertilizer and topdressing ratio of nitrogen fertilizer on yield and sugar content of sugar beet"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 产量
Yield
(kg/hm2)		 含糖率
Sugar
content (%)		 产糖量
Sugar yield
(kg/hm2)
2021 CK 64 765.98b 16.19a 10 483.88c
N1 66 569.96ab 16.26a 10 826.16bc
N2 68 449.75a 16.38a 11 211.02ab
N3 69 970.08a 16.32a 11 421.20a
N4 68 069.90a 16.23a 11 045.25ab
2022 CK 62 752.39c 16.16a 10 138.96c
N1 64 418.84bc 16.13ab 10 388.05bc
N2 65 835.30ab 16.06ab 10 573.84ab
N3 67 102.59a 16.03ab 10 759.04a
N4 65 752.17ab 15.91b 10 460.66ab

Table 2

Differences in leaf thickness and vein number of sugar beets with different treatments"

处理
Treatment		 叶片厚度
Leaf
thickness
(mm)		 叶脉数量
Vein
number		 叶片总长度
Total blade
length (mm)		 单位长度内的
叶脉数量
The number of veins
per unit length
CK 0.2542a 24c 6.50c 3.69b
N1 0.2403a 35b 8.67b 4.04a
N2 0.2005b 40a 11.26a 3.55b
N3 0.2018b 42a 11.79a 3.56b
N4 0.2035b 41a 11.36a 3.61b

Fig.2

Effects of different base fertilizer and topdressing ratio of nitrogen fertilizer on plant height of sugar beet Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at 0.05 level, the same below."

Fig.3

Effects of different base fertilizer and topdressing ratio of nitrogen fertilizer on LAI of sugar beet"

Fig.4

Effects of different base fertilizer and topdressing ratio of nitrogen fertilizer on root-shoot ratio of sugar beet"

Fig.5

Effects of different base fertilizer and topdressing ratio of nitrogen fertilizer on dry matter accumulation per plant of sugar beet"

Table 3

Correlation among yield, sugar content and growth indicators of sugar beet"

项目
Item		 产量
Yield		 含糖率
Sugar
content		 产糖量
Sugar
yield		 叶片厚度
Leaf
thickness		 单位长度内叶脉数量
The number of veins
per unit length		 株高
Plant
height		 LAI 根冠比
Root-shoot
ratio		 单株干物质积累量
Dry matter accumulation
per plant
产量Yield 1.000
含糖率Sugar content -0.680 1.000
产糖量Sugar yield 0.979** -0.514 1.000
叶片厚度Leaf thickness -0.930* 0.793 -0.865 1.000
单位长度内叶脉数量
The number of veins per unit length		 -0.486
 0.508
 -0.429
 0.656
 1.000
株高Plant height 0.989** -0.752 0.945* -0.942* -0.438 1.000
LAI 0.892* -0.911* 0.787 -0.917* -0.410 0.945* 1.000
根冠比Root-shoot ratio -0.835 0.781 -0.757 0.871 0.226 -0.903* -0.945* 1.000
单株干物质积累量
Dry matter accumulation per plant		 0.987**
 -0.695
 0.959**
 -0.904*
 -0.544
 0.966**
 0.870
 -0.763
 1.000
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