河北省冬小麦赤霉病拮抗细菌的分离与鉴定

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2017.02.028

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

于2015-2016年小麦季,在河北省15个县（市、区）麦田采集土壤样本115份,采用稀释分离法对土壤样本进行细菌分离,共获得细菌218株。采用平板对峙法进行筛选,获得27株对禾谷镰刀菌（Fusarium graminearum）具有拮抗作用的菌株,平均抑菌率为44.09%;其中XJ-16和LY-2菌株拮抗效果较好,抑菌率分别为73.76%和73.73%。对菌株XJ-16和LY-2进行形态学、生理生化和分子鉴定,确定两菌株均为解淀粉芽孢杆菌（Bacillus amyloliquefaciens）。

关键词: 河北省, 小麦, 赤霉病, 拮抗细菌, 分离, 鉴定

Abstract:

115 soil samples were collected from 15 counties in Hebei province during the wheat growing season from 2015 to 2016. The soil samples were separated by dilution method, then 218 strains of bacteria were obtained. 27 strains with the average inhibition rate of 44.09% on Fusarium were obtained after the filteration of the 218 strains by plate confrontation method. Among them, XJ-16 and LY-2 had good antagonistic effect, the inhibition rates were 73.76% and 73.73%, respectively. The morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular identification of strain XJ-16 and LY-2 were carried out. The results showed that both two strains were Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

Key words: Hebei province, Wheat, Fusarium head blight, Antagonistic bacteria, Separate, Identification

张雪娇,石晶晶,常娜,张雅琴,齐永志,甄文超,尹宝重. 河北省冬小麦赤霉病拮抗细菌的分离与鉴定[J]. 作物杂志, 2017 (2): 157–162

Xuejiao Zhang,Jingjing Shi,Na Chang,Yaqin Zhang,Yongzhi Qi,Wenchao Zhen,Baozhong Yin. Isolation and Identification of Antagonistic Bacteria of Fusarium Head Blight of Winter Wheat in Hebei Province[J]. Crops, 2017(2): 157–162

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菌株编号Strain code	抑菌率Antimicrobial rate	菌株编号Strain code	抑菌率Antimicrobial rate	菌株编号Strain code	抑菌率Antimicrobial rate
XJ-16	73.76±1.35a	WD-15	49.83±2.48bc	ZQ-23	33.53±3.30d
LY-2	73.73±1.45a	XJ-18	49.03±1.48bc	WD-17	32.73±2.79d
ZQ-14	63.07±1.58b	XJ-17	47.43±2.32bc	XJ-13	29.56±2.11d
XJ-3	61.23±2.77b	WD-8	47.40±3.36bc	QX-1	29.03±1.32d
XJ-7	59.70±2.81b	QX-16	46.90±4.94bc	WD-24	26.83±2.90d
LY-9	58.73±1.55b	XJ-19	45.20±1.99bc	LY-10	26.73±3.40d
XJ-20	55.67±2.82b	LY-12	43.10±2.74c	LY-6	25.93±2.85d
QX-6	52.33±3.04b	ZQ-8	37.83±1.55d	QX-5	20.97±4.05e
LY-11	50.43±2.15bc	WD-20	35.93±2.73d	ZQ-19	20.93±2.34e

指标Index		XJ-16	LY-2	指标Index		XJ-16	LY-2
运动性		-	-	水解	明胶	+	+
接触酶		+	+		淀粉	+	+
氧化酶		-	-		酪素	+	+
厌氧生长		+	+	利用	柠檬酸盐	-	-
甲基红试验反应		-	-		丙二酸盐	-	-
乙酰甲基甲醇试验		+	+	酪氨酸水解		-	-
产生吲哚		-	-	苯丙氨酸脱氨酶		-	-
发酵	D-葡萄糖	+	+	硝酸盐还原		+	+
	L-阿拉伯糖	+	+	水解纤维素		+	+
	D-木糖	+	+	生长	pH5.7营养肉汤	+	+
	D-甘露醇	+	+	葡萄糖产气		-	-
KOH溶液简易鉴定		-	-	革兰氏染色		+	+