外源亚精胺对烟粉虱―黄瓜互作的影响

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.02.035

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以Q型烟粉虱（Bemisia tabaci）为试验材料，测定了烟粉虱―黄瓜互作过程中不同浓度外源亚精胺对寄主植物和烟粉虱生长发育的影响，并在生理水平探究外源亚精胺影响烟粉虱和寄主互作的机理。结果表明，烟粉虱取食后导致黄瓜株高、叶片质量、光合速率、可溶性蛋白含量、多酚含量和苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性下降，可溶性糖含量升高；而亚精胺处理能减轻烟粉虱对寄主植物的伤害，表现为促进寄主植物生长发育，提高光合能力，降低可溶性糖含量，提高可溶性蛋白、多酚含量和苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性。外源亚精胺对烟粉虱生长发育的影响表现为低浓度亚精胺（0.5 mmol/L）降低烟粉虱的产卵量和卵到1龄期存活率；高浓度亚精胺（2.0 mmol/L）显著延长烟粉虱的发育历期，降低3~4龄期的存活率。因此，在烟粉虱危害黄瓜过程中，外源亚精胺可以促进黄瓜生长发育，提高光合能力，改变营养特性，提高防御能力，同时还对烟粉虱的生长发育产生干扰，从而影响烟粉虱和寄主植物的互作。

关键词: 亚精胺, 烟粉虱―黄瓜互作, 生长发育, 生理机制

Abstract:

By using Q type Bemisia tabaci as experimental materials, effects of different concentrations of exogenous spermidine on the growth and development of the host plant and B.tabaci during the B.tabaci-host interaction process were determined, also the mechanism of the exogenous spermidine affecting the interaction between B.tabaci and the host were investigated at physiological level. The results showed that feeding of B.tabaci led to the decrease of plant height, leaf mass, photosynthetic rate, soluble protein content, polyphenol content and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme activity, the increase of soluble sugar content; whereas the treatment of spermidine reduced the damage of B.tabaci to the host plant, which was manifested in the promotion of growth and development of hosts, such as the enhancement of the photosynthetic capacity, the decrease of the soluble sugar content, the enhancement of the soluble protein content and polyphenol content and phenylalanine deaminase activity. Exogenous spermidine had impact on the growth and development of B.tabaci, manifested in low concentration of spermidine (0.5 mmol/L) reducing the number of eggs laid and the survival rate from egg to 1st-instar; high concentration of spermidine (2.0 mmol/L) significantly prolonged the developmental period of B.tabaci and reduced the survival rate of 3-4 instars. Therefore, during the process of B.tabaci damaging cucumbers, exogenous spermidine could promote plant growth and development of cucumbers, enhance photosynthetic capacity, alter plant nutritional characteristics, and improve defense ability. At the same time, it also has an adverse impact on the growth and development of B.tabaci, thus affecting the interaction between B.tabaci and host plants.

Key words: Spermidine, Bemisia tabaci-cucumber interaction, Growth and development, Physiological mechanism

卢玉, 张妍妍, 陈海涛, 李满鑫, 白润娥, 雷彩燕. 外源亚精胺对烟粉虱―黄瓜互作的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2025 (2): 256–264

Lu Yu, Zhang Yanyan, Chen Haitao, Li Manxin, Bai Runʼe, Lei Caiyan. Effects of Exogenous Spermidine on the Interaction between Bemisia tabaci and Cucumber[J]. Crops, 2025(2): 256–264

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处理 Treatment	亚精胺浓度 Spd concentration (mmol/L)	烟粉虱数量 Number of B.tabaci
CK0	0	0
CK1	0	25对
Spd1	0.5	25对
Spd2	1.0	25对
Spd3	2.0	25对

发育阶段 Developmental stage	烟粉虱存活率B.tabaci survival rate (%)				差异显著性 Significance of difference
发育阶段 Developmental stage	CK	Spd1	Spd2	Spd3	差异显著性 Significance of difference
卵-1龄Eggs-first-instar	0.99±0.01a	0.82±0.05b	0.86±0.06ab	0.88±0.05ab	0.096
1龄-2龄First-second-instar	0.91±0.08a	0.88±0.12a	0.98±0.02a	0.87±0.05a	0.776
2龄-3龄Second-third-instar	0.99±0.01a	0.98±0.04a	0.94±0.02a	0.97±0.03a	0.228
3龄-4龄Third-fourth-instar	0.97±0.03ab	0.89±0.07ab	0.98±0.01a	0.80±0.11b	0.153