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作物杂志,2016, 第1期: 154–161 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2016.01.029

• 生理生化·植物营养·栽培耕作 • 上一篇    下一篇

降雨季节波动对反枝苋与大豆光合色素的影响

张茜1,金成功2,李景欣1,鲁萍2,姜佰文2,白雅梅2,肖同玉2,崔雨桐2   

  1. 1 东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,150030,黑龙江哈尔滨
    2 东北农业大学资源与环境学院,150030,黑龙江哈尔滨
  • 收稿日期:2015-10-30 修回日期:2016-01-06 出版日期:2016-02-15 发布日期:2018-08-25
  • 通讯作者: 李景欣,鲁萍
  • 作者简介:张茜,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为农田外来杂草的入侵机制
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究项目(12541021);国家自然科学基金(31370546);黑龙江省博士后科研启动项目(LBH-Q11161)

The Effects of Seasonal Precipitation Fluctuation on the Photosynthetic Pigments of Redroot Pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) and Soybean (Glycine max)

Zhang Xi1,Jin Chenggong2,Li Jingxin1,Lu Ping2,Jiang Baiwen2,Bai Yamei2,Xiao Tongyu2,Cui Yutong2   

  1. 1 College of Animal Science and Technology,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,Heilongjiang,China
    2 School of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,Heilongjiang,China
  • Received:2015-10-30 Revised:2016-01-06 Online:2016-02-15 Published:2018-08-25
  • Contact: Jingxin Li,Ping Lu

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摘要：

为探讨外来杂草反枝苋在入侵农田生态系统过程中对降雨季节波动的适应规律及与作物的竞争机制,采用人工模拟不同降雨季节格局的方法,比较研究了反枝苋和大豆叶片光合色素含量及组成的变化情况。结果表明,在苗期和开花结荚期,降雨季节波动对大豆叶片光合色素含量及组成影响不显著,在鼓粒期影响显著;在整个生育期内,降雨季节波动对反枝苋叶片光合色素含量及组成影响显著,这与其具有较强的表型可塑性有关;此外,无论大豆还是反枝苋,在混栽时光合色素含量均大于单栽,说明两物种混栽时具有相互促进的作用,这种促进作用也是反枝苋成功入侵大豆田的原因之一。

关键词: 反枝苋, 大豆, 降雨季节波动, 叶绿素, 类胡萝卜素

Abstract:

In order to study the adapting mechanism of invasive weed, Amaranthus retroflexus response to the seasonal precipitation fluctuations, and the competition mechanism between Amaranthus retroflexus and crops in the process of invading agro-ecosystem, the photosynthetic pigments content and composition in leaves of A. retroflexus and Glycine max response to the seasonal precipitation fluctuations were studied based on the method of imitating different seasonal precipitation fluctuations. The results showed that on the seedling and flowering and pods formation stages of G.max, the effects of seasonal precipitation fluctuations on photosynthetic pigment and composition in G.max leaves were not significant, but significantly affected on the stage of seed filling. In the whole growth period, the influence of the seasonal precipitation fluctuations on the photosynthetic pigment content and composition in leaves of A.retroflexus were significant, which may be related to its high phenotypic plasticity. In addition, both leaf photosynthetic pigment contents of G.max and A. retroflexus, were higher in mixed cropping than monoculture. It is showed that the mutual facilitation occured when the two species growing in mixed-cropping. It maybe one of the reasons for A. retroflexus successful invasion of soybean field.

Key words: Amaranthus retroflexus, Glycine max, Seasonal precipitation fluctuation, Photosynthetic pigments, Carotenoids

图 1

不同降雨季节格局每次浇水量的季节分布 注：前峰即前峰式降雨格局,中峰即中峰式降雨格局,后峰即后峰式降雨格局,双峰即双峰式降雨格局。纵坐标为模拟不同降雨格局处理每盆的浇水量（mL）,横坐标为生长季内的浇水日期。"

图 2

4种降雨格局不同生育期的植物叶片含水量 注：图中数据均为4次测定的平均值±标准误,不同大写字母表示同一生育期不同降雨格局间差异显著,不同小写字母表示同一降雨格局不同生育期处理的差异显著（P<0.05）,下同。"

图 3

不同降雨季节格局大豆和反枝苋叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素及类胡萝卜素含量的变化"

图 4

不同降雨格局下大豆和反枝苋叶绿素a/b和总叶绿素/类胡萝卜素比值的变化"

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