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作物杂志,2017, 第1期: 119–126 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2017.01.022

• 生理生化·植物营养·栽培耕作 • 上一篇    下一篇

等渗NaCl和PEG胁迫及复水处理对藜麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

张紫薇1,庞春花1,张永清1,2,倪瑞军1,杨世芳1,王璐瑗3,刘丽琴1   

  1. 1山西师范大学生命科学学院,041004,山西临汾
    2山西师范大学地理科学学院,041004,山西临汾
    3山西师范大学现代文理学院,041004,山西临汾
  • 收稿日期:2016-10-13 修回日期:2016-12-15 出版日期:2017-02-15 发布日期:2018-08-26
  • 作者简介:张紫薇,在读硕士研究生,主要从事植物生理生态研究
  • 基金资助:
    山西省高等学校大学生创新创业训练项目(2015541);山西省化学优势重点学科建设项目(912019);山西师范大学科技开发与应用基金(YK1402)

Effects of Iso-osmotic NaCl and PEG Stress and Rewatering on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Quinoa

Zhang Ziwei1,Pang Chunhua1,Zhang Yongqing1,2,Ni Ruijun1,Yang Shifang1,Wang Luyuan3,Liu Liqin1   

  1. 1College of Life Sciences,Shanxi Normal University,Linfen 041004,Shanxi,China
    2College of Geographical Sciences,Shanxi Normal University,Linfen 041004,Shanxi,China
    3Modern College of Arts and Sciences,Shanxi Normal University,Linfen 041004,Shanxi,China
  • Received:2016-10-13 Revised:2016-12-15 Online:2017-02-15 Published:2018-08-26

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摘要：

利用NaCl和PEG溶液模拟盐胁迫和水分胁迫,比较等渗NaCl和PEG胁迫下藜麦种子萌发、幼苗生长以及胁迫解除后幼苗生长状况的差异,探明渗透胁迫对藜麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。研究结果表明：（1）在水势<-0.6MPa时,PEG对种子萌发的抑制作用大于NaCl,而在-2.3MPa NaCl与-1.0MPa PEG条件下种子均不能萌发;随着水势的降低,两种胁迫处理的种子初始萌发时间均逐渐推迟,并且在同一水势条件下,PEG胁迫的种子初始萌发时间较NaCl处理时间延长。（2）NaCl和PEG胁迫下幼苗根茎生长总体呈低浓度促进、高浓度抑制的趋势,但对不同生长指标影响存在差异。在≤-0.6MPa NaCl和≤-0.8MPa PEG条件下根长较对照显著降低,而在不高于-1.4MPa NaCl和-0.6MPa PEG时茎长显著降低;在不高于-1.4MPa NaCl和-0.6MPa PEG时根、茎、苗鲜重均显著低于对照;在低于-1.8MPa NaCl或-0.8MPa PEG时,藜麦幼苗不能存活。（3）NaCl处理,根、茎、苗长分别在不低于-1.0、-1.4和-1.0MPa时复水后可恢复至对照水平,甚至高于对照;根、茎、苗重分别在不低于-1.0、-1.8和-1.4MPa时复水后可恢复对照水平,甚至高于对照。前期不同浓度的PEG处理,复水后根茎长度与鲜重均能恢复至对照水平,甚至高于对照。（4）高盐环境降低幼苗根长分配,提高茎长分配,复水后根长与根重分配比例都有所提高,表现出一定的补偿性;干旱胁迫的加剧增加幼苗根长和根生物量的分配,但对幼苗自身根茎生物量分配比例影响不显著。说明藜麦具有很强的耐盐、耐旱及抗环境变化能力,适合在黄土高原引种。

关键词: 藜麦, 复水, 水盐胁迫, 种子萌发, 幼苗生长

Abstract:

The effects of iso-osmotic NaCl and PEG and re-watering on seed germination and growth of quinoa were examined to explore strategies of germination and seedling growth under drought and salt stress. Results showed: (1)When water potential was lower than -0.6 MPa, the inhibitory effect of PEG on seed germination was significantly higher than that of NaCl, and seeds could not germinate under -2.3MPa NaCl and -1.0MPa PEG, respectively. With the water potential decreasing, the initial germination time and germination period were prolonged, and then shortened regardless of NaCl and PEG, and germination time under PEG stress was longer than that of NaCl under the same water potential; (2)There were no seedlings appeared when the water potential decreased to -1.8MPa NaCl and -0.8MPa PEG, respectively, and seedling growth showed a trend of low promotion and high inhibition. Compared with CK , root length was significantly shortened when water potential was lower than -0.6MPa NaCl or -0.8MPa PEG, the shoot length and fresh weight of root, shoot and seedling were significantly decreased with water potential lower than -1.4MPa NaCl or -0.6MPa PEG; (3)The effects of rewatering on seedling growth were different under drought and salt stress. Under the NaCl treatments, the length of root, shoot and seedling could be restored to the control level when the water potential was higher than -1.0, -1.4 or -1.0MPa, The weight of root, shoot and seedling could be restored to the control level when the water potential was higher than -1.0, -1.8 or -1.4MPa, which even were longer and heavier than those of the control. Seedling length and fresh weight were individually restored to the control level or even were longer and heavier than those of the control under drought stress. (4)Under drought or salt stress, high plasticity was showed in biomass allocation. Biomass was little allocated to root under high salt, contrariwise in low salt, allocation ratio of root or shoot was enhanced after rewatering, indicating occurance of compensation effect. With the aggravation of drought, the allocation ratio of root length or biomass were increased with no significant effect. Our results suggest that quinoa is of strong salt- and drought-tolerance and the capability coping with environmental changes. And thus, it is a potential crop on Loess Plateau.

Key words: Quinoa, Rewatering, Water-salt stress, Seed germination, Seedling growth

图1

在不同水势NaCl、PEG处理下藜麦种子的累积萌发率 不同字母表示处理间差异达显著水平（P<0.05）,下同"

图2

NaCl和PEG胁迫及复水对藜麦根长、茎长、苗长的影响"

图3

NaCl和PEG胁迫及复水对藜麦根茎长度比例分配的影响"

图4

NaCl和PEG胁迫及复水对藜麦根、茎、苗鲜重的影响"

图5

NaCl和PEG胁迫及复水对藜麦根茎鲜重比例分配的影响"

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