大麻二酚对Cd和Cr胁迫下烟草生长的影响

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.02.024

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探讨大麻二酚（CBD）对重金属胁迫下烟草生长的影响，以烟草品种K326为材料，分别将浓度为0.0、1.0、5.0、25.0mg/L的CBD喷施于Cd和Cr胁迫烟株叶面，测定其叶片的抗氧化指标、生物量及Cd、Cr积累量。结果表明，Cd和Cr胁迫严重抑制烟株生长，显著提高烟叶活性氧和重金属含量。外源CBD对烟株生长存在低促高抑作用。当CBD浓度分别为1.0mg/L（Cd）和5.0mg/L（Cr）时效果最佳，显著降低了烟叶超氧阴离子（O₂^-·）产生速率，丙二醛、H₂O₂和烟株Cd、Cr含量；显著提高烟株干重、叶片超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、多酚氧化酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶活性，增加抗坏血酸（AsA）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量以及AsA/DHA（氧化型抗坏血酸）、GSH/GSSG（氧化型谷胱甘肽）。综上，适量CBD能有效缓解Cd和Cr胁迫对烟叶的氧化损伤，抑制烟株内重金属的积累，促进植株生长。

关键词: 大麻二酚, 重金属胁迫, 烟草, 抗氧化, AsA-GSH循环

Abstract:

This work was conducted to explore the effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on the growth and development of tobacco under heavy metal stress. Using tobacco variety K326 as material, the CBD solutions of four different concentrations (0.0, 1.0, 5.0, 25.0mg/L) were sprayed on the leaf surface in Cd-stressed and Cr-stressed tobacco plants, respectively. The biomass, Cd and Cr accumulation of tobacco plants, and antioxidant indexes in leaves were determined after treatments. The results showed that, Cd and Cr stress seriously inhibited the growth of tobacco and increased the accumulation of Cd and Cr in plants. Exogenous CBD appeared low concentrations promotion and high concentration inhibition on tobacco growth. The application of 1.0mg/L (Cd) and 5.0mg/L (Cr) CBD significantly reduced the production rate of O₂^-· and H₂O₂in tobacco leaves, Cd and Cr contents in plants, while remarkably increased the shoot and root dry weight of tobacco, the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, ascorbic acid peroxidase and glutathione reductase, and improved the contents of ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH), as well as AsA/DHA (dehydroascorbate) and GSH/ GSSG (oxidized glutathione). In conclusion, an appropriate amount of exogenous CBD could effectively alleviate the oxidative damage caused by heavy metal stress, inhibit the accumulation of heavy metals in tobacco plants and promote plants growth.

Key words: Cannabidiol, Heavy metal stress, Nicotiana tabacum L., Antioxidation, AsA-GSH cycle

管娇, 樊兴荣, 邹红旭, 杨嘉玲, 王丽华, 翁玉仙, 保志娟. 大麻二酚对Cd和Cr胁迫下烟草生长的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2023 (2): 163–170

Guan Jiao, Fan Xingrong, Zou Hongxu, Yang Jialing, Wang Lihua, Weng Yuxian, Bao Zhijuan. Effects of Cannabidiol on Tobacco Growth under Cd and Cr Stress[J]. Crops, 2023(2): 163–170

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重金属 Heavy metal (mg/kg)	CBD浓度 CBD concentration (mg/L)	干重（g/株）Dry weight (g/plant)		耐受系数Tolerance coefficient
重金属 Heavy metal (mg/kg)	CBD浓度 CBD concentration (mg/L)	地上部分 Upper ground	地下部分 Under ground	地上部分 Upper ground	地下部分 Under ground
	CK	51.47±0.82a	7.62±0.38a	?	?
Cd (60)	0.0	41.00±1.17c	5.47±0.44c	0.80±0.03b	0.72±0.09b
	1.0	46.71±1.02b	7.20±0.46a	0.91±0.02a	0.94±0.06a
	5.0	42.81±1.18c	7.04±0.62ab	0.83±0.01b	0.92±0.08a
	25.0	41.91±1.05c	6.18±1.05bc	0.81±0.03b	0.81±0.10ab
Cr (90)	0.0	37.68±0.68d	5.84±0.24b	0.73±0.00c	0.77±0.01b
	1.0	39.47±0.78c	6.32±0.28b	0.77±0.01b	0.83±0.04b
	5.0	45.96±0.48b	7.36±0.28a	0.89±0.02a	0.97±0.06a
	25.0	38.11±0.69d	6.47±0.45b	0.74±0.00c	0.85±0.06b

重金属 Heavy mental (mg/kg)	CBD浓度 CBD concentration (mg/L)	Cd或Cr含量 Content of Cd or Cr (mg/kg DW)		富集系数 Bioaccumulation factor		Cd/Cr TF	Cd或Cr单株积累量 Cd or Cr accumulation per plant (mg)
重金属 Heavy mental (mg/kg)	CBD浓度 CBD concentration (mg/L)	地上部分 Upper ground	地下部分 Under ground	地上部分 Upper ground	地下部分 Under ground	Cd/Cr TF	Cd或Cr单株积累量 Cd or Cr accumulation per plant (mg)
	CK	0.86±0.03c	1.68±0.06d	?	?	0.51±0.01c	0.15±0.08d
Cd (60)	0.0	45.41±1.39a	18.18±0.30a	0.750±0.02a	0.300±0.00a	2.50±0.11b	2.96±0.14a
	1.0	38.24±0.79b	12.76±0.33c	0.630±0.01b	0.210±0.01c	3.00±0.14a	2.75±0.05b
	5.0	37.92±1.22b	13.10±0.10c	0.630±0.02b	0.220±0.00c	2.89±0.07a	2.54±0.03c
	25.0	38.30±2.06b	15.93±0.21b	0.640±0.03b	0.260±0.00b	2.41±0.13b	2.61±0.05c
	CK	1.40±0.06d	16.49±0.31e	?	?	0.08±0.00b	1.06±0.00d
Cr (90)	0.0	2.30±0.10a	42.71±1.33a	0.013±0.00a	0.250±0.01a	0.05±0.00d	1.96±0.06a
	1.0	1.79±0.05c	26.76±0.41c	0.010±0.00c	0.150±0.00c	0.07±0.00c	1.31±0.04c
	5.0	2.08±0.11b	22.33±0.76d	0.012±0.00b	0.130±0.00d	0.09±0.01a	1.30±0.04c
	25.0	2.15±0.09ab	32.94±0.38b	0.012±0.00b	0.190±0.00b	0.07±0.00c	1.56±0.03b

重金属 Heavy metal	SOD	POD	PPO	AsA	GSH	H₂O₂	O₂^-·	MDA	Cd或Cr积累量 Cd or Cr accumulation amount
Cd	-0.267	-0.602^*	-0.619^*	-0.304	-0.410	0.699^*	0.831^**	0.283	-0.500
Cr	-0.221	-0.430	-0.379	-0.164	0.335	-0.876^**	-0.199	0.795 ^**	-0.055