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作物杂志,2026, 第2期: 180–187 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.02.022

• 生理生化·植物营养·栽培耕作 • 上一篇    下一篇

萘乙酸钠与吲哚丁酸钾对大豆苗期低温胁迫的缓解作用

杨昊1,2(), 谷文文1,2, 方淑梅2,3, 姜海鹏1,2, 梁喜龙1,2(), 王庆燕1,2   

  1. 1黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院， 163319， 黑龙江大庆
    2黑龙江省植物生长调节剂工程技术研究中心， 163319， 黑龙江大庆
    3黑龙江八一农垦大学生命科技学院， 163319， 黑龙江大庆
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-16 修回日期:2025-04-18 出版日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-04-16
  • 通讯作者: 梁喜龙，主要从事化学调控与作物高产及抗逆研究，E-mail：xilongliang@126.com
  • 作者简介:杨昊，主要从事作物化学调控研究，E-mail：1186839452@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江八一农垦大学“三横三纵”支持计划(2018年度平台支持计划);黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目(LH2024C078);黑龙江省自然科学基金重点项目(ZD2017003);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31571613)

Alleviating Effects of 1-Naphthalene Acid and Indole-3-Butyric Acid Potassium Salt on Low Temperature Stress at Soybean Seedling Stage

Yang Hao1,2(), Gu Wenwen1,2, Fang Shumei2,3, Jiang Haipeng1,2, Liang Xilong1,2(), Wang Qingyan1,2   

  1. 1College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China
    2Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China
    3College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2025-01-16 Revised:2025-04-18 Online:2026-04-15 Published:2026-04-16

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摘要：

为明确生长素对大豆苗期低温胁迫的缓解作用，以垦农18为供试品种，以萘乙酸钠（NAA-Na）与吲哚丁酸钾（IBA-K）及其复配种子包衣处理，从形态表型、抗氧化和渗透调节等角度，探究NAA-Na与IBA-K对苗期低温胁迫的缓解作用。结果表明，NAA-Na和IBA-K包衣处理可降低活性氧的积累和超氧阴离子（O2-. ）产生速率，使得过氧化氢（H2O2）以及丙二醛积累显著降低；大豆幼苗的渗透调节能力提高，可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸增加；超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶等抗氧化酶活性增强，并促进抗坏血酸―谷胱甘肽（AsA-GSH）循环，进而缓解低温胁迫对大豆幼苗的损伤，使大豆幼苗地上及根部干物质积累增加，减轻了低温胁迫对大豆产量造成的影响，使大豆株荚数、株粒数、百粒重与单株粒重显著提高。

关键词: 大豆, 低温胁迫, 生长素类调节剂, 活性氧, 化控技术

Abstract:

To clarify the alleviating effect of auxin regulators on low-temperature stress at seedlings stage of soybean, the variety Kennong 18 was used as the test material, and seed coating with sodium naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA-Na), potassium indolebutyrate (IBA-K), and their mixture were adopted as the treatment. From the perspectives of morphological phenotype, antioxidant defense and osmotic regulation, the alleviating effect of NAA-Na and IBA-K on the growth and yield of soybean under low temperature stress was investigated. The results showed that the coating treatment with NAA-Na and IBA-K could reduce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and the production rate of superoxide anion (O2-. ), and significantly decrease the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde. The osmotic regulation ability of soybean seedlings was enhanced, and the contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, and proline increased. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase were enhanced, and the ascorbic acid-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle was promoted, thereby alleviating the damage of low-temperature stress to soybean seedlings. The dry matter accumulation in the aboveground and root parts of soybean seedlings increased. The adverse effects of low temperature stress on soybean yield were mitigated, and the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per plant, 100-seed weight, and the seed weight per plant were significantly increased.

Key words: Soybean, Cold stress, Auxin regulators, Active oxygen, Chemical control technology

表1

NAA-Na与IBA-K单剂与复配处理应用

处理
Treatment		 低温处理时期
Low temperature
treatment period		 控温+调节剂
Temperature control+regulator
LT 子叶期 低温处理5 d+清水
CK 子叶期 常温处理+清水
N 子叶期 低温处理5 d+10 mg/L NAA-Na
K 子叶期 低温处理5 d+40 mg/L IBA-K
N+K
 子叶期
 低温处理5 d+10 mg/L NAA-Na+
80 mg/L IBA-K

表2

NAA-Na与IBA-K包衣处理对低温胁迫下大豆地上部形态的影响

复温天数
Rewarming days (d)		 处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant height (cm)		 茎粗
Stem diameter (cm)		 叶鲜重
Leaf fresh weight (g)		 茎鲜重
Stem fresh weight (g)		 地上干重
Aboveground dry weight (g)
20 CK 24.40±0.67a 2.95±0.07a 2.48±0.20a 2.67±0.12a 0.74±0.04a
LT 19.14±0.41c 2.04±0.61c 1.58±0.22c 1.56±0.16c 0.51±0.04b
N 21.63±0.38b 2.60±0.08b 2.24±0.09ab 2.45±0.14ab 0.65±0.02a
K 22.57±0.32ab 2.78±0.09ab 2.39±0.10a 2.17±0.11b 0.68±0.04a
N+K 23.23±1.48ab 2.79±0.16ab 2.48±0.12ab 2.25±0.20ab 0.68±0.05a
25 CK 27.13±0.52a 3.11±0.12a 2.65±0.03a 2.81±0.06a 0.93±0.06a
LT 23.20±0.71c 2.43±0.08b 2.00±0.13b 2.02±0.19b 0.66±0.03b
N 25.33±1.48abc 2.89±0.02a 2.56±0.06a 2.72±0.08a 0.78±0.05ab
K 24.23±0.37bc 2.85±0.15a 2.57±0.07a 2.63±0.05a 0.79±0.03ab
N+K 26.93±0.59ab 2.89±0.09a 2.58±0.03a 2.68±0.08a 0.82±0.04a

表3

NAA-Na与IBA-K包衣处理对低温胁迫下大豆根部形态的影响

复温天数
Rewarming
days (d)		 处理
Treatment		 总根长
Total root
length (cm)		 根表面积
Root surface
area (cm2)		 根体积
Root volume
(cm3)		 平均根直径
Mean root
diameter (mm)		 根尖数
Root tip
number		 根干重
Root dry
weight (g)
20 CK 1149±65a 204±13a 4.21±0.30a 0.65±0.01b 794±41a 0.127±0.004a
LT 655±35c 106±3c 1.73±0.08c 0.61±0.02c 539±28b 0.052±0.003b
N 706±80bc 117±9bc 2.08±0.11bc 0.64±0.01bc 704±77a 0.056±0.004b
K 853±63b 131±11bc 2.33±0.27bc 0.67±0.01b 704±38a 0.060±0.006ab
N+K 855±54b 138±10b 2.41±0.17b 0.74±0.01a 713±36a 0.077±0.004ab
25 CK 1604±106a 269±17a 5.59±0.58a 0.82±0.04a 1109±60a 0.273±0.023a
LT 697±64d 139±4c 2.43±0.14c 0.62±0.01b 705±67c 0.128±0.007c
N 969±50c 174±8b 2.71±0.29bc 0.65±0.01b 898±63b 0.148±0.008bc
K 1242±87b 175±8b 3.57±0.24b 0.67±0.02b 993±69ab 0.161±0.008bc
N+K 1280±46b 177±12b 3.32±0.19bc 0.69±0.01b 1044±62ab 0.176±0.003b

表4

NAA-Na与IBA-K处理对大豆产量构成因素的影响

处理
Treatment		 株荚数
Number of
pods per plant		 株粒数
Number of
seeds per plant		 百粒重
100-seed
weight (g)		 单株粒重
Seed weight
per plant (g)
CK 56.93±3.63ab 142.87±9.73ab 15.70±0.18a 22.51±1.53a
LT 46.27±4.59b 122.53±12.47b 13.66±0.12b 16.74±1.70b
N 55.93±3.56ab 142.00±8.91ab 15.81±0.28a 22.45±1.41a
K 63.47±5.49a 160.20±13.81a 14.50±0.39b 23.23±2.00a
N+K 59.87±3.34a 154.73±7.85ab 15.75±0.36a 24.36±1.24a

图1

NAA-Na与IBA-K包衣处理对低温胁迫下苗期大豆O2-. 产生速率、H2O2及MDA含量的影响 不同小写字母代表同一复温天数不同处理下差异显著（P < 0.05）。下同。

图2

NAA-Na与IBA-K包衣处理对低温胁迫下苗期大豆SOD、POD、CAT活性的影响

图3

NAA-Na与IBA-K包衣处理对低温胁迫下苗期大豆AsA-GSH循环的影响

图4

NAA-Na与IBA-K包衣处理对低温胁迫下苗期大豆叶片SS、SP与Pro含量的影响

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