作物杂志,2026, 第4期: 207–213 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.04.024

• 生理生化·植物营养·栽培耕作 • 上一篇    下一篇

调环酸钙对糜子茎秆特征及抗倒伏能力的影响

侯晓敏(), 闫锋, 董扬, 赵富阳, 李清泉(), 卢环, 张金东, 张巩亮   

  1. 黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院, 161006, 黑龙江齐齐哈尔
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-10 修回日期:2025-05-06 出版日期:2026-08-15 发布日期:2026-08-11
  • 通讯作者: 李清泉
  • 作者简介:侯晓敏,主要从事杂粮作物遗传育种及栽培研究,E-mail:houxiaomin2021@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    齐齐哈尔市科技计划联合引导项目(LNYGG-2024001);国家谷子高粱产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-06-14.5-B21)

Effects of Prohexadione-Calcium on Stem Characteristics and Lodging Resistance of Broomcorn Millet

Hou Xiaomin(), Yan Feng, Dong Yang, Zhao Fuyang, Li Qingquan(), Lu Huan, Zhang Jindong, Zhang Gongliang   

  1. Qiqihar Branch, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161006, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2025-02-10 Revised:2025-05-06 Online:2026-08-15 Published:2026-08-11
  • Contact: Li Qingquan

摘要: 倒伏是影响糜子产量和品质的重要因素,以抗倒伏品种齐黍1号和不抗倒伏品系002-095为试验材料,在拔节期喷施不同浓度(0、100、200和400 mg/L)的调环酸钙,研究了叶面喷施调环酸钙对糜子茎秆生理特性及抗倒伏能力的影响。结果表明,调环酸钙处理抑制了糜子株高,促进了生物量和茎粗增加,使其植株基部节间的机械强度、节间充实度、节间抗折力、木质素和纤维素含量均显著提高,而倒伏指数和倒伏系数降低,抗倒伏能力增强,从而提高了产量。相关分析表明:节间抗折力与节间充实度、节间直径、纤维素含量呈正相关,与株高、重心高度呈负相关。倒伏指数与节间充实度、木质素含量呈极显著负相关。齐黍1号和002-095最适调环酸钙喷施浓度均为200 mg/L,可有效提高糜子的抗倒伏能力。

关键词: 糜子, 调环酸钙, 节间抗折力, 抗倒伏能力, 产量

Abstract:

Lodging is a major factor limiting the yield and quality of broomcorn millet. In this study, the lodging- resistant variety Qishu 1 and the lodging-susceptible line 002-095 were used as experimental materials. Different concentrations of prohexadione-calcium (0, 100, 200, and 400 mg/L) were foliar-applied at the jointing stage to investigate their effects on stem physiological characteristics and lodging resistance. The results showed that prohexadione-calcium treatment reduced plant height while increasing biomass and stem diameter. It significantly enhanced the mechanical strength, internode fullness, internode breaking resistance, and the lignin and cellulose contents of basal internodes. Meanwhile, the lodging index and lodging coefficient decreased, indicating improved lodging resistance, which ultimately contributed to increased yield. Correlation analysis revealed that internode breaking resistance was positively correlated with internode fullness, internode diameter, and cellulose content, but negatively correlated with plant height and center of gravity height. The lodging index was significantly negatively correlated with internode fullness and lignin content. Overall, the optimal concentration of prohexadione-calcium for both Qishu 1 and 002-095 was 200 mg/L, which effectively improved lodging resistance.

Key words: Broomcorn millet, Prohexadione-calcium, Internode breaking resistance, Lodging resistance, Yield

表1

调环酸钙对糜子茎秆形态指标的影响

品种(系)
Variety (line)
处理
Treatment
株高
Plant height (cm)
重心高度
Center of gravity height (cm)
叶重
Leaf weight (g)
茎重
Stem weight (g)
根重
Root weight (g)
齐黍1号
Qishu 1
CK 169.80±10.46a 80.05±3.21a 6.80±0.04c 29.20±1.02c 5.68±0.02ab
P100 159.18±9.88b 75.62±5.66b 7.61±1.33b 30.68±1.96bc 5.80±0.09ab
P200 154.32±15.34c 71.56±4.70c 10.40±0.89a 39.60±1.01a 5.91±0.04a
P400 160.95±11.28b 75.24±3.53b 12.00±0.28a 36.20±0.57b 5.20±0.03b
002-095 CK 193.66±16.75a 87.76±5.06a 7.69±0.85b 24.00±0.96c 4.40±0.02ab
P100 180.33±12.38b 85.08±3.62b 6.33±0.98c 31.22±0.47b 4.80±0.05ab
P200 175.84±11.66c 79.80±4.11c 10.60±0.63a 42.20±0.74a 5.33±0.01a
P400 179.48±10.92b 77.98±2.26c 7.80±0.34b 25.47±0.11bc 4.00±0.05b
品种(系)
Variety (line)
处理
Treatment
穗重
Panicle weight (g)
穗长
Panicle length (cm)
基茎粗
Basal stem diameter (cm)
地上部鲜重
Aboveground fresh weight (g)
齐黍1号
Qishu 1
CK 16.67±0.45c 33.58±1.02a 0.88±0.05b 52.67±1.45c
P100 24.83±0.63b 33.74±0.95a 0.90±0.01b 63.12±1.23b
P200 26.60±1.03a 33.88±1.47a 1.14±0.22a 76.60±1.95a
P400 27.63±0.85a 33.97±1.68a 0.91±0.04b 75.83±2.15a
002-095 CK 14.48±0.74b 35.41±0.74a 0.62±0.01c 46.17±1.48c
P100 15.62±0.57a 37.23±0.96a 0.83±0.03a 53.17±2.67b
P200 15.80±0.66a 38.13±1.85a 0.82±0.02a 68.60±1.44a
P400 15.60±0.41a 35.96±1.43a 0.67±0.04b 48.87±1.55c

图1

不同调环酸钙处理对糜子产量的影响 不同小写字母代表处理间在P < 0.05水平达显著差异,下同。

表2

调环酸钙对糜子茎秆节间长和节间鲜重的影响

品种(系)
Variety
(line)
处理
Treatment
节间长Internode length (cm) 节间鲜重Fresh weight of internode (g)
基1节
Section 1
基2节
Section 2
基3节
Section 3
基4节
Section 4
基5节
Section 5
基1节
Section 1
基2节
Section 2
基3节
Section 3
基4节
Section 4
基5节
Section 5
齐黍1号
Qishu 1
CK 6.78±1.58a 12.88±1.24a 14.92±0.49a 17.86±1.55a 14.08±2.58a 2.36±0.48d 3.02±0.74d 4.94±0.43d 6.20±0.35d 5.17±0.21d
P100 6.02±2.49b 12.08±0.76b 14.90±2.57b 16.24±1.08b 14.04±2.44b 2.48±0.26b 4.26±0.25b 5.20±0.32b 6.48±0.21b 5.43±0.63b
P200 5.52±0.34c 11.63±2.18c 13.25±0.16c 15.57±1.56c 13.20±0.98c 2.66±0.66a 4.88±0.52a 5.84±0.47a 6.63±0.47a 5.92±0.76a
P400 5.48±0.18c 11.00±1.45c 13.66±0.87c 15.04±1.66c 12.12±1.42c 2.40±0.03c 4.16±0.41c 5.03±0.22c 6.29±0.32c 5.22±0.22c
002-095 CK 7.82±1.33a 14.10±0.83a 18.80±2.74a 19.80±0.71a 17.84±1.11a 2.60±0.85d 3.21±0.48d 4.24±0.54c 4.27±0.76d 4.46±0.41d
P100 7.26±0.27b 13.26±1.07b 17.58±1.33b 18.32±2.63b 16.60±0.08b 2.66±0.58c 3.66±0.69b 4.36±0.88b 4.33±0.91c 4.93±0.23b
P200 6.88±1.75c 9.02±1.76c 11.58±0.42c 16.28±0.82c 16.16±1.65c 2.91±0.86a 3.71±0.62a 4.45±0.45a 4.89±0.83a 5.61±0.49a
P400 6.82±1.03c 8.91±1.58a 11.24±1.25c 15.84±0.49c 15.74±2.01c 2.83±0.76b 3.35±0.55c 4.28±0.36c 4.38±0.79b 4.59±0.74c

表3

调环酸钙对糜子节间直径和节间充实度的影响

品种(系)
Variety (line)
处理
Treatment
节间直径Internode diameter (cm)
基1节Section 1 基2节Section 2 基3节Section 3 基4节Section 4 基5节Section 5
齐黍1号Qishu 1 CK 0.71±0.03c 0.71±0.02c 0.71±0.09c 0.63±0.05c 0.71±0.28c
P100 0.77±0.07b 0.76±0.43b 0.75±0.11b 0.70±0.03b 0.73±0.04b
P200 0.81±0.02ab 0.79±0.08a 0.77±0.13ab 0.73±0.10ab 0.75±0.06ab
P400 0.83±0.21a 0.78±0.19a 0.80±0.08a 0.78±0.06a 0.77±0.11a
002-095 CK 0.63±0.05c 0.63±0.03c 0.63±0.06c 0.56±0.07c 0.61±0.18c
P100 0.66±0.01b 0.65±0.06b 0.64±0.07b 0.61±0.02b 0.63±0.05b
P200 0.71±0.04ab 0.69±0.11ab 0.67±0.16ab 0.64±0.01ab 0.65±0.14a
P400 0.74±0.14a 0.75±0.04a 0.70±0.07a 0.67±0.13a 0.66±0.03a
品种(系)
Variety (line)
处理
Treatment
节间充实度Internode fullness (g/cm)
基1节Section 1 基2节Section 2 基3节Section 3 基4节Section 4 基5节Section 5 均值Mean
齐黍1号Qishu 1 CK 0.35±0.03b 0.31±0.05b 0.33±0.01b 0.35±0.05b 0.37±0.03b 0.34
P100 0.41±0.05a 0.35±0.07a 0.35±0.06ab 0.40±0.06a 0.39±0.06b 0.38
P200 0.48±0.11a 0.42±0.09a 0.44±0.04a 0.43±0.03a 0.45±0.05a 0.44
P400 0.44±0.05a 0.38±0.02a 0.37±0.07ab 0.42±0.04a 0.43±0.02a 0.41
002-095 CK 0.33±0.01b 0.23±0.01c 0.23±0.02b 0.22±0.02b 0.25±0.01b 0.25
P100 0.37±0.04ab 0.28±0.01bc 0.25±0.03ab 0.24±0.02ab 0.30±0.02a 0.29
P200 0.42±0.03a 0.41±0.03a 0.38±0.02a 0.30±0.03a 0.35±0.06a 0.37
P400 0.41±0.02a 0.38±0.02b 0.38±0.01a 0.28±0.04a 0.29±0.04a 0.35

表4

调环酸钙对糜子节间抗折力和机械强度的影响

品种(系)
Variety (line)
处理
Treatment
节间抗折力Internode breaking resistance (N)
基1节Section 1 基2节Section 2 基3节Section 3 基4节Section 4 基5节Section 5
齐黍1号Qishu 1 CK 42.00±1.46d 40.36±1.38c 33.62±1.75d 30.54±2.43b 29.12±1.46b
P100 59.42±2.33c 49.54±2.07b 45.58±3.45c 47.86±3.66ab 36.06±1.71ab
P200 83.73±4.83a 76.00±5.49a 68.67±5.03a 59.05±4.18a 55.45±2.56a
P400 79.44±4.67b 70.50±4.56a 57.70±4.13b 55.62±4.07a 53.34±1.99a
002-095 CK 32.46±1.21c 25.68±1.77d 22.40±1.56c 21.96±1.43c 16.52±1.47c
P100 46.43±1.45b 35.53±1.74c 34.86±2.46b 32.43±1.55b 31.10±1.66b
P200 74.90±4.13a 67.38±3.54a 64.82±3.87a 57.04±2.76a 50.96±2.42a
P400 50.94±1.89b 45.32±2.76b 43.70±1.56b 32.84±2.44b 26.10±1.46b
品种(系)
Variety (line)
处理
Treatment
机械强度Mechanical strength (N/cm)
基1节Section 1 基2节Section 2 基3节Section 3 基4节Section 4 基5节Section 5
齐黍1号Qishu 1 CK 142.38±13.46c 259.92±10.78c 250.81±3.84c 272.72±5.67c 205.00±6.57c
P100 178.85±17.62b 299.22±13.26b 339.57±9.57b 388.62±8.68b 253.14±4.47b
P200 231.09±10.45a 441.75±26.77a 454.97±8.47a 459.85±12.84a 365.97±19.96a
P400 217.67±21.44a 387.75±20.02a 394.09±4.56a 418.26±16.55a 323.24±9.84a
002-095 CK 126.92±6.87c 181.04±10.75b 210.56±10.66b 217.40±6.93b 147.36±3.57c
P100 168.55±8.12b 235.59±13.64a 306.48±27.74a 297.09±8.22ab 258.13±4.78b
P200 257.66±13.47a 303.88±18.15a 375.31±15.69a 464.31±16.19a 411.76±11.97a
P400 173.71±12.66b 201.90±6.78ab 245.59±3.78ab 260.09±13.25ab 205.41±3.56b

表5

调环酸钙对糜子倒伏指数和倒伏系数的影响

品种(系)
Variety
(line)
处理
Treatment
倒伏指数Lodging index 倒伏系数Lodging coefficient
基1节
Section 1
基2节
Section 2
基3节
Section 3
基4节
Section 4
基5节
Section 5
基1节
Section 1
基2节
Section 2
基3节
Section 3
基4节
Section 4
基5节
Section 5
齐黍1号
Qishu 1
CK 29.61±0.45a 16.22±1.41a 16.81±1.09a 15.46±0.48a 20.57±1.96a 11.06±0.35a 6.06±0.63a 6.28±0.89a 5.77±0.55a 7.68±2.43a
P100 26.69±2.63b 15.95±1.81b 14.06±0.06b 12.28±1.42b 18.86±1.68b 9.69±0.85b 5.79±1.96c 5.10±0.36b 4.46±1.44b 6.84±1.71b
P200 23.72±2.46c 12.41±0.75c 12.05±0.45c 11.92±0.55c 14.98±0.53c 8.66±0.43c 4.53±1.12c 4.40±0.77c 4.35±0.48b 5.47±0.41c
P400 26.21±2.91b 14.71±0.11b 14.48±1.47b 13.64±1.12b 17.65±1.97b 10.78±0.82b 6.05±0.43b 5.96±0.27b 5.61±0.62a 7.26±0.56a
002-095 CK 31.93±0.44a 22.38±2.27a 19.24±0.08a 18.64±1.07a 27.50±1.08a 16.01±1.33a 11.22±0.57a 9.65±0.78a 9.35±0.48a 13.79±2.55a
P100 26.84±2.79b 19.20±1.24b 14.76±0.19b 15.23±0.63b 17.53±1.11b 11.85±1.46b 8.48±0.66c 6.52±0.71c 6.72±1.57b 7.74±1.42c
P200 21.25±0.33c 18.01±1.03c 14.59±0.05b 11.79±1.44c 13.29±0.47c 8.78±0.56c 7.44±0.45c 6.03±1.34c 4.87±0.49c 5.49±0.78c
P400 21.94±1.64c 18.88±1.45c 15.52±0.46b 14.65±0.06b 18.55±1.69b 12.62±1.05b 10.86±0.33b 8.93±1.42b 8.43±0.38b 10.68±1.05b

图2

不同调环酸钙处理茎秆中木质素和纤维素含量

表6

抗折力和倒伏指数与茎秆形态性状的相关性分析

指标
Index
节间长
Internode
length
节间直径
Internode
diameter
株高
Plant
height
重心高度
Height of center
of gravity
节间充实度
Internode
fullness
木质素含量
Lignin
content
纤维素含量
Cellulose
content
节间抗折力Internode breaking resistance -0.587 0.747* -0.761* -0.835** 0.912** 0.530 0.800*
倒伏指数Lodging index 0.225 -0.860** 0.972** 0.917** -0.722* -0.877** -0.984**
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