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作物杂志,2022, 第2期: 35–43 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.02.006

• 专题综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

性状相关的分子标记在甘蔗分子育种中的应用研究

罗含敏1,2(), 熊发前3, 丘立杭1,2, 刘菁3, 段维兴1,2, 高轶静1,2, 覃夏燕3, 吴建明1,2, 李杨瑞1,2, 刘俊仙1,2,*()   

  1. 1广西壮族自治区农业科学院甘蔗研究所,530007,广西南宁
    2农业农村部广西甘蔗生物技术与遗传改良重点实验室/广西甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,530007,广西南宁
    3广西壮族自治区农业科学院经济作物研究所,530007,广西南宁
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-11 修回日期:2022-02-15 出版日期:2022-04-15 发布日期:2022-04-24
  • 通讯作者: 刘俊仙
  • 作者简介:罗含敏,研究方向为甘蔗栽培与生物技术,E-mail： lhmin26@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31960416);国家自然科学基金(31960409);广西自然科学基金(2018GXNSFDA294004);广西自然科学基金(2018GXNSFAA138149)

Application Study of Molecular Markers Associated with Traits in Sugarcane Molecular Breeding

Luo Hanmin1,2(), Xiong Faqian3, Qiu Lihang1,2, Liu Jing3, Duan Weixing1,2, Gao Yijing1,2, Qin Xiayan3, Wu Jianming1,2, Li Yangrui1,2, Liu Junxian1,2,*()   

  1. 1Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China
    2Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China
    3Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China
  • Received:2022-02-11 Revised:2022-02-15 Online:2022-04-15 Published:2022-04-24
  • Contact: Liu Junxian

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摘要：

分子设计育种在农作物品种改良中发挥了重要作用,但由于甘蔗基因组庞大且高度杂合,染色体呈非整倍性,导致其性状相关的分子标记辅助育种进展十分缓慢。为加快甘蔗育种进程,提高其育种效率和准确性,简述了甘蔗分子标记辅助育种现状及其瓶颈,并总结了应用于甘蔗的分子标记种类及其问题,阐明分子标记在甘蔗遗传连锁图谱构建中的作用,进而从甘蔗产量和糖分性状相关QTL的定位、主要抗病基因（抗褐锈病基因、抗黑穗病和抗黄斑病基因）的定位及其在抗病分子育种上的应用,以及关联分析方法在甘蔗重要性状研究中的应用等方面对性状相关的分子标记进行综述。最后对甘蔗重要性状相关分子标记辅助育种的机遇和挑战进行了展望,为甘蔗分子育种的深入研究提供理论依据。

关键词: 甘蔗, 分子标记, 分子育种, QTL定位, 关联分析

Abstract:

Molecular design breeding plays an important role in improving crop varieties. Due to its large, high heterozygosity and aneuploidy of the genome in sugarcane, the progress of molecular marker-assisted selection in relation to its traits is very slow. In order to speed up the breeding process and improve its breeding efficiency and accuracy, this paper described the current situation of molecular marker-assisted breeding and its bottlenecks, and the types of molecular markers used in sugarcane and their existing problems were summarized. As well as, the role of molecular markers in the construction of a genetic linkage map of sugarcane was clarified. Then the localization of QTL related to yield and sugar traits, the mapping of important disease resistance genes (brown rust resistance genes, smut resistance genes and macular resistance genes) and their application in molecular marker assisted breeding of disease resistance, and the application research of important sugarcane traits through association analysis were discussed. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of molecular marker-assisted breeding in relation to key agronomic traits were investigated for providing a theoretical reference of further research on molecular breeding in sugarcane.

Key words: Sugarcane, Molecular markers, Molecular breeding, QTL mapping, Association analysis

图1

甘蔗新品种的常规杂交选育流程

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