Crops ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5): 112-118.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2016.05.019

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Effects of Mechanical Transplanting on Plant Growth and Growth Period in Late Rice

Zhang Kun1,2,Lü Weisheng1,3,Duan Licheng1,Hu Shuixiu1,Zeng Yongjun1,Pan Xiaohua1,Shi Qinghua1   

  1. 1 Collaborative Innovation Center for the Modernization Production of Double Cropping Rice/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology,Ecology and Genetic Breeding,Ministry of Education/Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology,Ecology and Genetic Breeding,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi,China
    2 Center of Agrometeorology of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi,China
    3 Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil,Nanchang 331717,Jiangxi,China
  • Received:2016-06-01 Revised:2016-08-10 Online:2016-10-15 Published:2018-08-26
  • Contact: Shuixiu Hu

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Abstract:

To study the effect of mechanical transplanting on plant growth in late rice, a one-year field experiment was conducted in late rice, with materials Hyou 518, Zhongjiazao 17 and by four planting methods of artificial transplanting(AT), mechanical transplanting(MT), tray nursing seedlings transplanted by hand(TNSTH) and seeding thrower(ST). The results showed that the seedlings quality of AT was the best, ST was better, MT was the worst. The injuring degree of transplanting of MT was greater than that of AT. The growth periods of ST, TNSTH and MT were 1-2 days, 3-5 days and 4-6 days more than AT, respectively. The dry weight accumulation of root and shoot were suitable for exponential model from transplanting to elongating stage. The grain yield was sorted as AT>ST>TNSTH>MT. The delay of growth period of late rice was associated with the poorer quality of seedling, less dry matter accumulation of aerial part, more serious degree of transplanting and lower root vigor. In conclusion, we could alleviate the delay of machine growth period and improve yield by strengthening seedlings, improving the quality of machine plugging and so on.

Key words: Late rice, Planting method, Growth period, Growth and development, Plant damage

Table 1

Effects of raising seedling methods on late rice seedling quality"

品种
Variety		 育秧方式
Seedlings cultivation way		 单株根数
No. of root per plant		 最长根长(cm)
LRL		 苗高(cm)
Seedling
height		 叶龄
Leaf age		 SPAD值 单株茎基宽(cm)
SBWPP		 单株茎叶干质量(mg)
DMWSLPP		 单株根干质量(mg)
DMWRPP		 充实度
(mg/cm)
Plumpness
H优518 机插秧盘育秧TNSTM 11.26Cc 5.28Bb 21.14Cc 4.33Bb 28.61Bb 0.35Cc 56.00Bb 9.56Cc 2.65Bc
H you 518 传统育秧TRS 21.44Aa 14.58Aa 22.99Bb 5.40Aa 34.30Aa 0.80Aa 101.56Aa 38.67Aa 4.42Aa
抛秧盘育秧TNSTT 16.47Bb 3.69Cc 27.19Aa 5.36Aa 33.91Aa 0.63Bb 111.33Aa 24.00Bb 4.09Ab
平均值Average 16.39 7.85 23.77 5.03 32.27 0.59 89.63 24.08 3.72
中嘉早17 机插秧盘育秧TNSTM 10.34Bb 4.65Bb 14.50Bb 4.24Cc 29.42Ab 0.32Bc 35.44Bb 6.78Bc 2.44Bc
Zhongjiazao 17 传统育秧TRS 14.29Aa 9.94Aa 17.22Aa 4.70Aa 33.03Aa 0.47Aa 48.00Aa 20.89Aa 2.79Aa
抛秧盘育秧TNSTT 11.23Bb 2.79Cc 17.64Aa 4.44Bb 32.37Aa 0.34Bb 45.67Aa 9.20Bb 2.59Ab
平均值Average 11.95 5.79 16.45 4.46 31.61 0.38 43.04 12.29 2.61

Table 2

Effects of planting methods on late rice period of seedling establishment"

品种
Variety		 种植方式
Planting method		 栽后吐水率Spit water rate after transplanting(%)
栽后1d
After planting 1d		 栽后2d
After planting 2d		 栽后3d
After planting 3d		 栽后4d
After planting 4d
H优518
H you 518		 手栽AT 0 13 100 100
机插MT 0 1 30 100
机手TNSTH 0 4 40 100
抛秧ST 0 3 43 100
中嘉早17
Zhongjiazao 17		 手栽AT 0 36 100 100
机插MT 0 12 94 100
机手TNSTH 0 14 100 100
抛秧ST 0 13 98 100

Table 3

Main growth period delay interval and number of days of late rice under different planting way d"

品种
Variety		 种植方式
Planting method		 移栽-返青
TT-RD		 返青-有效分蘖临界期
RD-CPET		 有效分蘖临界期-幼穗分化
CPET-PPDS		 幼穗分化-齐穗
PPDS-FHD		 齐穗-成熟
FHD-MS		 全生育期
TGP
延长
Prolong		 延长
Prolong		 延长
Prolong		 延长
Prolong		 延长
Prolong		 延长
Prolong
H优518 手栽AT 2 14 7 29 44 116
H you 518 机插MT 3 1 15 1 8 1 32 3 44 0 122 6
机手TNSTH 3 1 15 1 8 1 31 2 44 0 121 5
抛秧ST 3 1 14 0 8 1 29 0 44 0 118 2
中嘉早17 手栽AT 2 10 7 30 33 99
Zhongjiazao 17 机插MT 2 0 12 2 7 0 32 2 33 0 103 4
机手TNSTH 2 0 12 2 7 0 31 1 33 0 102 3
抛秧ST 2 0 11 1 7 0 30 0 33 0 100 1

Fig.1

Effects of planting methods on 15d growth of late rice after planting"

Table 4

The linear relationship between the root index and shoot dry weight"

根系指标(x)
Root index		 模型参数Model parameter 调整后R2
Adjusted R2
a b c
单株茎叶
干质量(y)
DMWSLPP



 单株根干质量(x1)
DMWRPP		 2.752**
 0.990
单株根数(x2)
Root No.per plant		 8.592**
常量(c)
Constant		 -199.473**

Fig.2

Effects of different planting methods on rice root activity and reductive intensity of root system"

Table 5

Yield and its components of rice under different planting methods"

品种
Variety		 种植方式
Planting method		 有效穗数(万/hm2)
No.of panicles		 每穗粒数(粒)
No.of spikelets per panicle		 结实率(%)
Seed-setting rate		 千粒重(g)
1000-grain weight		 实际产量(t/hm2)
Grain yield
H优518 手栽AT 400.55Bc 95.07Aa 91.31Aa 26.88Aa 8.49Aa
H You 518 机插MT 477.01Aa 84.08Cc 87.33Ab 25.71Ab 8.12Ab
机手TNSTH 468.22Aa 84.86Cc 88.18Ab 26.01Aab 8.22Ab
抛秧ST 435.12ABb 89.30Bb 89.53Aab 26.11Aab 8.20Ab
中嘉早17 手栽AT 372.55Bb 109.05Aa 91.45Aa 24.96Aa 8.38Aa
Zhongjiazao 17 机插MT 457.38Aa 90.24Bc 89.14Ab 24.13Aa 8.08Ab
机手TNSTH 445.56Aa 91.06Bc 89.37Ab 24.32Aa 8.10Ab
抛秧ST 371.11Bb 105.70Ab 91.03Aa 24.73Aa 8.08Ab
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