Crops ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1): 146-153.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.01.024

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Impacts of Different Mulching Patterns on Root-Shoot Growth of Spring Maize and Water Use Efficiency in Dry Land

Si Leiyong,Xia Zhenqing,Jin Yan,Chen Guangzhou,Wang Guangfu,Lu Haidong(),Xue Jiquan   

  1. College of Agronomy, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Arid Area of Northwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2019-07-23 Revised:2019-09-11 Online:2020-02-15 Published:2020-02-23
  • Contact: Haidong Lu E-mail:lhd2042@163.com

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Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of different mulch patterns on growth of root shoot ratio of spring maize and water use efficiency in arid and semi-arid regions, different mulch patterns were tested in dryland of northwest, Shaanxi Province from 2014 to 2015. This study included four treatments, black plastic film mulch (BF), white plastic film mulch (WF), maize straw mulch (MS) and bare land without plastic film mulch (CK). The growth of maize underground roots and aboveground plants was measured systematically in each main stage of maize growth, the yield and water use efficiency were measured after maize harvest. The results showed that black plastic film mulching could better coordinate the root shoot ratio in the growth stage of maize than the white plastic film mulch, maize straw mulch and bare land without plastic film mulch, and especially significantly promoted root shoot rotio growth after maize tasseling stage. The average root volume of two years increased by 16.51%, 21.18% and 44.23%, and the average dry weight of individual maize of two years increased by 9.34%, 21.66% and 40.68% respectively in the mature stage. Under the black plastic film mulch treatment, the population at the later stage of maize growth had higher leaf area index, higher root-shoot ratio, significantly increased grain yield and significantly increased water use efficiency. The two year average maize water use efficiency under the black plastic film mulch treatment was increased by 9.41% and 13.75% than white plastic film mulch treatment and maize straw mulch treatment, respectively. Therefore, black plastic film mulch could increase yield by coordinating root and crown growth of maize and improve the water use efficiency in the northwest arid area.

Key words: Maize, Mulching pattern, Root-shoot ratio, Water use efficiency

Fig.1

Temperature and precipitation during the growth and development of maize"

Fig.2

Changes of root dry weight per plant in 0-90cm under different maize growth stages BF, Black plastic film mulch; WF, White plastic film mulch; MS, Maize straw mulch; CK, Not mulch. V6, Jointing stage; V12, Bell stage; VT, Tasseling stage; R3, Filling stage; R6, Mature stage. Different lowercase letters mean significant difference at 0.05 level between different treatments. The same below"

Fig.3

Changes of root volume under different mulching cultivation conditions of maize growth stages"

Fig.4

Changes of dry weight per plant under different mulching cultivation conditions of maize growth stages"

Fig.5

Changes of leaf area index under different mulch patterns of maize growth stages"

Fig.6

Changes of root-shoot ratio under different mulching cultivation conditions of maize growth stages"

Table 1

Yield, water consumption and water use efficiency of maize under different mulching cultivation conditions"

处理
Treatment		 产量Yield (kg/hm2) 耗水量Water consumption (mm) 水分利用效率
Water use efficiency [kg/(hm2·mm)]
2014 2015 2014 2015 2014 2015
WF 11 070.65b 11 249.40b 447.18b 445.01b 24.76b 25.28b
BF 12 153.70a 12 307.58a 448.06b 445.38b 27.12a 27.63a
MS 10 343.40c 10 507.74c 433.62c 432.69c 23.85c 24.28b
CK 9 962.80d 9 987.03d 454.21a 453.41a 21.93d 22.03c
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