Crops ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 140-144.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2019.06.022

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Effects of Density on Yield and Nutritional Value of Different Types of Silage Maize

Zhuang Kezhang1,Wu Ronghua1,Zhang Chunyan1,Xu Lihua2,Xu Xiangbo2,Ding Yi2,Wang Zhennan3   

  1. 1Linyi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linyi 276012, Shandong, China
    2Maize Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
    3College of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, Shandong, China
  • Received:2019-06-17 Revised:2019-07-23 Online:2019-12-15 Published:2019-12-11
  • Contact: Lihua Xu

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Abstract:

In order to clarify the optimal planting densities for different types of silage maize in Linyi region. The forage yields and nutritional values of special silage maize Yayu 8 and grain-feeding silage maize Denghai 605 were studied under four planting densities of 60 000, 75 000, 90 000, 105 000 plants/hm 2. The results showed that planting density had significant effects on the fresh grass yield and dry grass yield of different types silage maize. With the increase of density, the fresh grass yield and dry grass yield of both silage maize varieties increased first and then decreased. The highest fresh grass yield and dry grass yield were obtained at the density of 75 000 plants/hm 2. Density had significant effects on crude fat, crude ash, acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents and crude protein yields, grain yields, crude fat yields, digestible dry matter (DDM), relative feed value, nitrogen-free extract (NFE) content of different silage maize varieties. With increase of density, crude protein, crude fat content and DDM, dry matter intake, NFE content reduced in different types of silage maize, while the contents of crude ash, neutral detergent fiber and ADF increased. The grain yield, crude protein yield and crude fat yield and total energy increased first and then decreased, the highest grain yield, crude protein yield, crude fat yield and total energy were obtained at the density of 75 000 plants/hm 2. From total energy of the forage, the optimal planting density of special silage maize Yayu 8 and grain-feeding silage maize Denghai 605 was 75 000 plants/hm 2 in Linyi region, Shandong Province.

Key words: Density, Silage maize, Yield, Nutritional value

Fig.1

Effects of density on fresh grass yield (a) and dry grass yield (b) of two silage maize varieties Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference at the 0.05 level"

Table 1

Effects of density on fruiting rate, grain ratio,and grain yield of two silage maize varieties"

品种
Variety		 密度(株/ hm2)
Density
(plant/hm2)		 果穗率(%)
Fruiting rate		 子粒占比(%)
Grain ratio		 子粒产量
(kg/hm2)
Grain yield
雅玉8号 60 000 51.75a 44.06a 7 004a
Yayu 8 75 000 51.28ab 41.68b 7 226a
90 000 50.90bc 40.79b 6 281b
105 000 50.38c 40.38b 5 836c
登海605 60 000 63.60a 51.20a 7 115b
Denghai 605 75 000 59.18b 48.64b 7 948a
90 000 58.16b 47.52bc 7 448b
105 000 57.61b 46.01c 7 059b

Table 2

Effects of density on crude protein, crude fat content and yield of two silage maize"

品种
Variety		 密度(株/hm2)
Density (plant/hm2)		 粗蛋白含量(%)
Crude protein content		 粗脂肪含量(%)
Crude fat content		 粗蛋白产量(kg/hm2)
Crude protein yield		 粗脂肪产量(kg/hm2)
Crude fat yield
雅玉8号Yayu 8 60 000 8.26a 6.66a 1 552ab 1 227a
75 000 8.12a 6.31ab 1 635a 1 250a
90 000 7.94a 6.00b 1 442b 1 091b
105 000 7.75a 5.36c 1 323c 915c
登海605 Denghai 605 60 000 9.98a 7.05a 1 658a 1 171b
75 000 8.95b 6.78a 1 697a 1 286a
90 000 8.55bc 6.76a 1 549b 1 226ab
105 000 8.15c 6.18b 1 413c 1 072c

Table 3

Effects of density on nutritional value of two silage maize varieties"

品种
Variety		 密度(株/hm2)Density
(plant/hm2)		 粗灰分含量(%)
Crude
ash content		 中性洗涤纤维含量(%)
Neutral detergent
fiber content		 酸性洗涤纤维含量(%)
Acid detergent
fiber content		 可消化干物质(%)
Digestible
dry matter		 干物质采食量(%)
Dry matter
intake		 相对饲喂价值
Relative feeding
value
雅玉8号 60 000 8.89d 72.43c 20.24c 73.13a 1.66a 93.95a
Yayu 8 75 000 9.21c 73.13bc 23.73b 70.41b 1.64ab 89.54b
90 000 9.63b 74.11ab 25.70a 68.84c 1.62b 86.39c
105 000 10.13a 74.80a 26.10a 68.57c 1.61b 85.29c
登海605 60 000 8.15d 71.90a 18.64b 74.38a 1.67a 96.21a
Denghai 605 75 000 8.88c 72.61a 21.13a 72.44b 1.65a 92.78b
90 000 9.30b 72.97a 22.60a 71.29bc 1.64a 90.87b
105 000 9.84a 72.72a 20.88a 70.54c 1.65a 90.23b

Table 4

Effects of density on nitrogen-free extract and total energy of two silage maize varieties"

品种
Variety		 密度(株/hm2) Density
(plant/hm2)		 无氮浸出物含量(%)
Nitrogen-free extract
content		 总能量
(MJ/hm2)
Total energy
雅玉8号 60 000 56.08a 3 372c
Yayu 8 75 000 52.72b 3 584a
90 000 50.68b 3 214b
105 000 50.65b 2 977d
登海605 60 000 56.18a 3 041c
Denghai 605 75 000 54.25b 3 421a
90 000 52.78bc 3 252b
105 000 52.26c 3 070c
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