Crops ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 184-190.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.03.028

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Effect of Nitrogen Treatment on Wheat Yield and Quality in Different Soil Conditions

Zhu Yingjie1,2, Liu Fuqi3, Zhang Yan3, Chang Xuhong1, Wang Demei1, Tao Zhiqiang1, Wang Yanjie1, Yang Yushuang1, Zhao Guangcai1()   

  1. 1Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
    2Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
    3Renqiu Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Renqiu 062550, Heibei, China
  • Received:2019-11-26 Revised:2020-01-13 Online:2020-06-15 Published:2020-06-10
  • Contact: Guangcai Zhao E-mail:zhaoguangcai@caas.cn

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Abstract:

In order to study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer treatment on wheat yield and quality in different soil conditions, pot experiments were carried out using Egypt1 and Jinqiang 7 as test materials. In the experiment, the black soil, alluvial soil and non topdressing, topdressing nitrogen at jointing stage and topdressing nitrogen at flagging stage were treated with three fertilizer treatments in triplicate. The results showed that there was significant difference between two soil treatments. The wheat grain yield and the yield of each protein component showed that the yield of black soil was higher than that of alluvial soil, except for the yield of globulin. The grain yield and protein yield were significantly increased by applying nitrogen fertilizer at different stages. The wheat grain yield and quality can be improved by applying nitrogen fertilizer in black soil and alluvial soil

Key words: Soil type, Wheat, Nitrogen fertilizer, Yield, Quality

Table 1

Basic nutrient of different soil types"

土壤类型
Soil type		 有机质
Organic matter (g/kg)		 全氮
Total nitrogen (g/kg)		 碱解氮
Alkali-hydrolyable nitrogen (mg/kg)		 速效磷
Available phosphorus (mg/kg)		 速效钾
Available potassium (mg/kg)
A1 58.66 3.32 276.92 38.12 228
A2 18.49 0.76 66.01 9.65 102

Table 2

Comparison of wheat plant characters and grain yield in different soil types"

土壤类型Soil type 株高Plant height (cm) 穗长Ear length (cm) 穗粒数Grains per spike 千粒重1000-grain weight (g) 产量(g/盆)Yield (g/pot)
A1 51.76aA 5.51aA 16.56aA 29.71aA 3.97aA
A2 44.68bA 4.86aA 13.38aA 27.96aA 2.89bA

Table 3

Comparison of plant characters and grain yield of different wheat varieties"

品种Variety 株高Plant height (cm) 穗长Ear length (cm) 穗粒数Grains per spike 千粒重1000-grain weight (g) 产量(g/盆) Yield (g/pot)
B1 45.84bB 4.99bA 15.30aA 30.07aA 3.76aA
B2 50.61aA 5.38aA 14.64aA 27.61bA 3.10bB

Table 4

Effects of different nitrogen treatments on plant characters and grain yield of wheat"

处理Treatment 株高Plant height (cm) 穗长Ear length (cm) 穗粒数Grains per spike 千粒重1000-grain weight (g) 产量(g/盆) Yield (g/pot)
C1 47.10aA 5.26aA 14.33aA 28.29bA 3.22bB
C2 49.27aA 5.08aA 15.14aA 29.06abA 3.49aA
C3 48.31aA 5.22aA 15.44aA 29.17aA 3.59aA

Table 5

Effects of different treatment combinations on wheat plant characters and grain yield"

处理
Treatment		 株高
Plant height (cm)		 穗长
Ear length (cm)		 穗粒数
Grains per spike		 千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 产量(g/盆)
Yield (g/pot)
A1B1C1 47.83bcdA 5.50abcA 16.13aA 31.14abA 3.77abAB
A1B1C2 49.81abcdA 5.10abcdA 16.46aA 31.14abA 4.03abA
A1B1C3 47.03bcdA 4.96bcdA 16.23aA 32.52aA 4.33aA
A1B2C1 53.79abcA 5.88aA 17.25aA 27.00bA 3.84abAB
A1B2C2 57.47aA 5.79abA 16.67aA 28.04bA 3.92abAB
A1B2C3 54.65abA 5.83abA 16.63aA 28.42abA 3.95abAB
A2B1C1 42.89dA 4.74cdA 13.88abA 27.93bA 3.32bcAB
A2B1C2 43.41dA 4.55dA 13.67abA 29.46abA 3.58abAB
A2B1C3 44.06dA 5.08abcdA 15.46aA 28.21bA 3.56abAB
A2B2C1 43.87dA 4.90cdA 10.07bA 27.09bA 1.94dB
A2B2C2 46.40cdA 4.89cdA 13.75abA 27.59bA 2.42cdAB
A2B2C3 47.48bcdA 4.99bcdA 13.46abA 27.51bA 2.53cdAB
变异系数
Variable coefficient (%)		 9.95 8.68 13.79 6.30 21.63

Fig.1

Protein content of wheat grain under different soil conditions Different small letters indicate significant difference among treatments at 0.05 level, different capital letters indicate extremely significant difference among treatments at 0.01 level. The same below"

Table 6

Comparison of protein content in different wheat varieties"

品种
Variety		 总蛋白
Total protein		 清蛋白
Albumin		 球蛋白
Globulin		 醇溶蛋白
Gliadin		 谷蛋白
Glutenin
B1 19.53bA 3.85bB 1.95bB 6.36aA 7.85bA
B2 20.44aA 4.21aA 2.27aA 6.72aA 8.24aA

Fig.2

Protein content of wheat grain treated with different nitrogen dressing treatments"

Table 7

Comparison of protein components in different treatment combinations %"

处理Treatment 总蛋白Total protein 清蛋白Albumin 球蛋白Globulin 醇溶蛋白Gliadin 谷蛋白Glutenin
A1B1C1 18.30cA 3.71eA 1.84ghGH 5.69cA 7.84bcdA
A1B1C2 19.34abcA 3.88cdeA 1.81hH 6.25bcA 8.29abcdA
A1B1C3 19.31abcA 3.87cdeA 1.89fghFGH 6.30bcA 7.35dA
A1B2C1 18.96bcA 4.01abcdeA 2.19cdBCD 5.96bcA 7.45cdA
A1B2C2 19.97abcA 4.23abcA 1.97efgEFGH 5.88bcA 8.13abcdA
A1B2C3 20.53abA 4.21abcA 2.17cdBCDE 6.82abcA 8.04abcdA
A2B1C1 19.37abcA 3.90bcdeA 2.02efDEFGH 5.70cA 7.58bcdA
A2B1C2 20.24abA 3.79deA 2.06deCDEFG 6.27bcA 7.76bcdA
A2B1C3 20.63abA 3.95bcdeA 2.06deCDEF 7.97aA 8.30abcdA
A2B2C1 21.03aA 4.17abcdA 2.25bcBC 7.04abcA 8.43abcA
A2B2C2 21.06aA 4.28abA 2.37bB 7.40abA 8.92aA
A2B2C3 21.07aA 4.38aA 2.65aA 7.25abcA 8.49abA
变异系数
Variable coefficient		 4.60 5.45 11.37 11.31 5.84

Fig.3

Effects of different soil types on grain protein yield of wheat"

Fig.4

Comparison of grain protein yield of different wheat varieties"

Fig.5

Effects of topdressing nitrogen fertilizer on grain protein yield at different stages of wheat"

Table 8

Effects of different treatment combinations on wheat grain protein yield g/盆 g/pot"

土壤类型
Soil type		 品种
Variety		 追氮处理
Nitrogen topdressing		 总蛋白
Total protein		 清蛋白
Albumin		 球蛋白
Globulin		 醇溶蛋白
Gliadin		 谷蛋白
Glutenin
C1 0.69abcABC 0.14abcdABC 0.07abcA 0.24abcAB 0.29abcAB
B1 C2 0.78abAB 0.15abAB 0.07abcA 0.28abA 0.33aA
C3 0.83aA 0.17aA 0.08abA 0.28abA 0.32abA
A1 C1 0.73abAB 0.15abAB 0.08abA 0.23abcdAB 0.29abcAB
B2 C2 0.78abAB 0.17aA 0.08abcA 0.23abcdAB 0.32abA
C3 0.81aA 0.17aA 0.09aA 0.27abA 0.32abA
C1 0.64bcdABC 0.13bcdABC 0.06bcdA 0.19cdeAB 0.25cdABC
B1 C2 0.73abAB 0.14abcdABC 0.08abcA 0.22bcdAB 0.28bcAB
C3 0.73abAB 0.14abcABC 0.07abcA 0.29aA 0.30abcAB
A2 C1 0.41eC 0.08eC 0.04dA 0.14eB 0.17eC
B2 C2 0.50deBC 0.10deBC 0.06cdA 0.18deAB 0.21deBC
C3 0.54cdeABC 0.11cdeABC 0.07abcA 0.18cdeAB 0.21deBC
变异系数
Variable coefficient (%)		 19.47 20.83 18.36 20.92 19.11
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