Crops ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 178-184.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2021.03.027

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Effects of Planting Density on Membrane Lipid Peroxidation Characteristics and Quality of Cigar Tobacco Leaves

Li Jin’ao1(), Zhang Siwei1, Liu Boyuan1, Zhong Qiu2, Qin Yanqing2, Zou Yuhang2, Zhao Mingqin1()   

  1. 1College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
    2Deyang City Company of Sichuan Tobacco Company, Deyang 618400, Sichuan, China
  • Received:2020-07-24 Revised:2020-08-21 Online:2021-06-15 Published:2021-06-22
  • Contact: Zhao Mingqin E-mail:Lijinao8023@163.com;zhaomingqin@heanu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of different planting densities on the physiological and biochemical characteristics and quality of cigar tobacco leaves, determine the appropriate planting density for cigar tobacco planting in Sichuan, Dexue No. 1 was used as the test material to determine the field microclimate, the degree of peroxidation of membrane lipid of tobacco leaves, the activities of related antioxidant enzymes, and the yield and quality of tobacco leaves during the mature period. The results showed that with the increase of planting density, the temperature and humidity of tobacco fields increased, and the light intensity of tobacco leaves decreased. There was a significant positive correlation between the temperature and the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation of tobacco leaves at the maturity stage, and the correlation coefficient was 0.52-0.85. During the same period, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content of tobacco leaves first decreased and then increased with the increase of planting density, and the antioxidant enzyme activity first increased and then decreased. Among them, the antioxidant enzyme activity was the highest when the planting density was 21 000 plants/ha, and the POD and CAT activities reached the highest on day 28 after topping, which were 61.6U/(gFW·min) and 123.0U/(mg·min), respectively. SOD activity was the highest (755.8U/g) on day 21 after topping, the MDA content was 25.3mmol/g on day 35 after topping, and the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation was the lowest. After modulation, the total sugar content of the tobacco leaves increased to 1.86%, the nicotine content was 3.02%, the potassium-chloride ratio was as high as 9.21, the chemical composition was more coordinated, and the sensory evaluation score was the highest. The ratio of tobacco leaf output and wrapper tobacco was increased by 9000yuan/ha and 7% respectively, compared with the conventional planting density of 24 000 plants/ha. In summary, compared with the conventional planting density of 24 000 plants/ha, 21 000 plants/ha was a suitable planting density of Sichuan cigar tobacco.

Key words: Cigar tobacco, Planting density, Membrane lipid peroxidation, Tobacco leaf quality, Field microclimate

Table 1

Cigar sensory quality score weight"

指标
Index		 劲头
Vigor		 浓度
Concentration		 香气质
Aroma quality		 香气量
Aroma amount		 余味
Afterstaste		 杂气
Miscellaneous gas		 刺激性
Irritating		 甜度
Sweetness		 灰色
Ash color
权重Weight 0.1 0.1 0.15 0.15 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Table 2

Effects of planting density on field microclimate"

指标Index 处理
Treatment		 打顶后天数Days after topping
7d 14d 21d 28d 35d
温度Air temperature (℃) T1 30.73c 32.43c 31.93c 35.43c 36.27c
T2 31.70bc 33.97b 31.97c 36.97b 37.60b
T3 31.57bc 34.23b 32.43b 37.27ab 37.23b
T4 31.77b 34.17b 36.53a 37.43a 37.60b
T5 32.10a 34.60a 36.23a 37.53a 38.90a
相对湿度Relative humidity (%) T1 54.10a 56.37c 58.43c 55.30d 54.63d
T2 54.30a 56.20c 59.03b 58.37c 56.77c
T3 54.03a 56.03c 59.33b 59.43b 57.33b
T4 54.10a 57.00b 62.10a 59.53b 57.63b
T5 54.27a 57.47a 61.93a 60.73a 63.20a
光照强度Light intensity [μmol/(m2·s)] T1 2633.4a 2707.2a 2768.4a 2721.6a 3182.4a
T2 2269.8ab 2548.8a 2646.0a 2811.6a 2847.6b
T3 2008.8bc 2413.8ab 2464.2a 2354.4b 2644.2b
T4 1850.4bc 2125.8bc 2298.6ab 2174.4b 2134.8c
T5 1717.2c 2005.2c 2109.6b 2322.0b 1947.6c

Fig.1

Effects of planting density on MDA content in cigars"

Table 3

Correlation coefficient between MDA contents of cigars leaves and temperature,humidity and light intensity in the field"

MDA含量
MDA content		 温度
Air temperature		 湿度
Relative humidity		 光照强度
Light intensity
T1 0.85** -0.51 0.76**
T2 0.79** 0.04 0.42
T3 0.83** 0.43 0.51
T4 0.76** 0.18 0.14
T5 0.52* 0.39 -0.10

Fig.2

Effects of planting density on activities of POD, CAT, and SOD in cigars"

Table 4

Effects of planting density on the chemical composition of cigar after airing"

处理
Treatment		 总糖
Total sugar
(%)		 烟碱
Nicotine
(%)		 总氮
Total nitrogen
(%)		 钾
Potassium
(%)		 氯
Chlorine
(%)		 还原糖
Reducing sugar
(%)		 钾氯比
Potassium/
chlorine		 糖碱比
Sugar/nicotine
T1 1.28b 3.46a 4.02c 3.65a 0.42a 0.61b 8.69a 0.37b
T2 1.85a 3.25ab 4.24bc 2.24b 0.42a 0.67a 5.33b 0.57ab
T3 1.86a 3.02ab 4.45ab 3.50a 0.38a 0.67a 9.21a 0.62a
T4 1.27b 3.07ab 4.64a 2.35b 0.43a 0.67a 5.47b 0.41b
T5 1.21b 2.71b 4.04c 2.29b 0.42a 0.61b 5.45b 0.44b

Table 5

Effects of planting density on sensory quality of cigar tobacco leaves"

处理
Treatment		 香韵
Odor		 劲头
Strength		 浓度
Density		 香气质
Aroma quality		 香气量
Aroma amount		 余味
Aftertaste		 杂气
Miscellaneous gas		 刺激性
Irritating		 甜度
Sweetness		 灰色
Ash color		 总分
Total score
9-0
T1 木香 5.5 6.0 5.5 5.5 6.0 5.0 5.0 5.5 8.0 5.50
T2 木香 6.0 6.0 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.0 5.0 6.0 8.0 5.65
T3 木香 6.0 6.0 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.0 5.5 5.5 8.0 5.65
T4 木香 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.0 5.5 7.5 5.40
T5 木香 6.0 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 7.5 5.40

Table 6

The effects of planting density on the economic characteristics of cigar tobacco"

处理
Treatment		 产量
Yield
(kg/hm2)		 均价 (元/kg)
Average price
(yuan/kg)		 产值 (万元/hm2)
Value
(×104yuan/hm2)		 茄衣比例
Wrapper
ratio (%)
T1 1404.0b 34.3b 4.8c 21b
T2 1462.5b 37.3ab 5.5b 22b
T3 1587.0ab 39.7a 6.2a 26a
T4 1640.0a 35.7b 5.9a 22b
T5 1557.5ab 33.3b 5.3b 19b
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