Crops ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (4): 54-61.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.04.008

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Classification of Soybean Heterotic Groups Based on SSR Molecular Markers for Yield-Related Traits

Lei Lei1,2(), Guan Zheyun2, Cao Shiliang3, Wang Yumin2, Lin Chunjing2, Peng Bao2, Liu Peng1, Zhao Limei2, Li Zhigang1, Zhang Chunbao1,2()   

  1. 1College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028042, Inner Mongolia, China
    2Soybean Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Hybrid Soybean Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China
    3Maize Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2022-03-18 Revised:2022-04-11 Online:2022-08-15 Published:2022-08-22
  • Contact: Zhang Chunbao E-mail:957569131@qq.com;cbzhang@cjaas.com

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Abstract:

The utilization of heterosis can significantly improve soybean yield, but the creation of parents and the preparation of hybrid combinations lack effective theoretical guidance, resulting in blindness in the preparation of hybrid combinations and long production cycle of strong soybean hybrids. In response to the above problems, the genetic diversity analysis and heterotic group classification of 43 parents in Northeast China and abroad as materials using 14 SSR molecular markers related to soybean yield traits. The results showed that the SSR markers amplified a total of 31 allelic variation sites, with an average of 2.2143 allelic variation sites for each marker, with a variation range of 2.0000-4.0000; the main gene frequency was 0.4419-0.9302, with an average of 0.6817. The genetic diversity indexes ranged from 0.1298 to 0.6101, with an average of 0.4043. The polymorphism information content ranged from 0.1214 to 0.5272, with an average of 0.3280. According to genetic distance, 43 parental materials were divided into two groups; 35 parental materials of 25 hybrids were divided into two groups; and 39 parental materials of 27 hybrids were hybrid combinations prepared from domestic and foreign materials, highlighting the strong heterosis between Northeast China materials and foreign materials.The analysis of the genetic distance between the parents of the hybrids used in this study showed that when the genetic distance was between 0.4 and 0.6, the utilization efficiency of heterosis was higher. The results provides references for the breeding direction of excellent parents and the rational combination of parents of strong dominant hybrids.

Key words: Soybean, Heterosis, SSR molecular markers, Heterotic group, Genetic diversity

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SSR标记
SSR marker		 所在染色体
Chromosome		 引物序列
Primer sequence (5′-3′)		 关联性状
Associated trait		 参考文献
Reference
BARCSOYSSR_02_1667 2 F：TCGTGTTAGATTTTTACTGTCACATT 籽粒大小 [17]
R：AACTGCATACCCTTTGTTTGAA
BARCSOYSSR_04_0034 4 F：GCGCCCGGAACTTGTAATAACCTAAT 籽粒大小 [17]
R：GCGCTCTCTTATGATGTTCATAATAA
BARCSOYSSR_06_0778 6 F：GCGCATGGTTTACAGATTACTTTATTTTCTA 单株粒重 [18]
R：GCGGCAATCATTTAAATTTATAATGATATAT
BARCSOYSSR_12_1142 12 F：GCGAACTGTAGTTTACTAAAAATAAGTG 单株粒重 [19]
R：GCGGACTGAATTAATATTGGTGTTGAATT
BARCSOYSSR_13_0272 13 F：GCGAATTTGGATTAATTAAATTTATG 每荚粒数 [20]
R：GCGCTCGGTCCTCTCAAATAAGGTCTC
BARCSOYSSR_13_0340 13 F：GCGTGCCAGGTAGAAAAATATTAG 每荚粒数 [20]
R：GCGGTTTTTCACTTTTCAAAATTC
BARCSOYSSR_07_0109 7 F：GCGTTGATACTTTCCTAAGACAAT 单株荚数 [21]
R：GGGAGAGAAGGCAATCTAA
BARCSOYSSR_11_0482 11 F：CACTGCTTTTTCCCCTCTCT 单株荚数 [22]
R：AAGATACCCCCAACATTATTTGTAA
BARCSOYSSR_11_0342 11 F：GCGCTACCGTGTGGTGGTGTGCTACCT 分枝数 [23]
R：GCGCAAGTGGCCAGCTCATCTATT
BARCSOYSSR_19_1071 19 F：CGCACCCCTCATCCTATGTA 分枝数 [24]
R：CCAACTAATCCCAGGGACTTACTT
BARCSOYSSR_06_1581 6 F：GCGCTGGCCTTTAGAAC 百粒重 [25]
R：GCGTTGTAGGAAATTTGAGTAGTAAG
BARCSOYSSR_13_1098 13 F：GCGTTAAGAATGCATTTATGTTTAGTC 百粒重 [26]
R：GCGAGTTTTTGGTTGGATTGAGTTG
BARCSOYSSR_01_1571 1 F：GCGCATGATAACCTATAATGAGAT 主茎节数 [27]
R：CCAGCAAGCAATGCTCGGTCTACT
BARCSOYSSR_13_1271 13 F：CAAGCTCAAGCCTCACACAT 主茎节数 [28]
R：TGACCAGAGTCCAAAGTTCATC

Fig.1

UPGMA cluster of parent materials based on SSR markers"

Table 2

Results of parental strata of hybrid species"

杂交种名称
Hybrid name		 母本Female parent 父本Male parent 亲本间遗传距离
GD between parents
同型保持系
Homotypic maintainers		 来源地
Place of origin		 所在群
Group		 名称
Name		 来源地
Place of origin		 所在群
Group
杂交豆1号 JLCMS9B 中国黑龙江 Ⅰ JLR1 美国 Ⅱ 0.6153
杂交豆2号 JLCMS47B 中国吉林 Ⅰ JLR2 美国 Ⅱ 0.6428
杂交豆3号 JLCMS8B 中国黑龙江 Ⅰ JLR9 美国 Ⅱ 0.5000
杂交豆4号 JLCMS47B 中国吉林 Ⅰ JLR83 意大利 Ⅰ 0.5384
杂交豆5号 JLCMS84B 中国黑龙江 Ⅰ JLR1 美国 Ⅱ 0.4285
吉育606 JLCMS47B 中国吉林 Ⅰ JLR100 美国 Ⅱ 0.5000
吉育607 JLCMS14B 中国黑龙江 Ⅰ JLR83 意大利 Ⅰ 0.2307
吉育608 JLCMS84B 中国黑龙江 Ⅰ JLR113 美国 Ⅱ 0.5000
吉育609 JLCMS103B 中国黑龙江 Ⅰ JLR102 美国 Ⅱ 0.2076
吉育610 JLCMS128B 中国吉林 Ⅰ JLR98 美国 Ⅱ 0.5714
吉育611 JLCMS147B 中国黑龙江 Ⅰ JLR113 美国 Ⅱ 0.3571
吉育612 JLCMS57B 美国 Ⅱ JLR9 美国 Ⅱ 0.3846
吉育626 JLCMS230B 中国吉林 Ⅰ JLR9 美国 Ⅱ 0.3571
吉育627 JLCMS179B 美国 Ⅰ JLR9 美国 Ⅱ 0.5000
吉育633 JLCMS204B 美国 Ⅱ JLR230 中国吉林 Ⅰ 0.4285
吉育635 JLCMS34B 中国黑龙江 Ⅰ JLR300 中国黑龙江 Ⅰ 0.4285
吉育637 JLCMS210B 美国 Ⅱ JLR209 中国吉林 Ⅰ 0.5714
吉育639 JLCMS178B 中国吉林 Ⅰ JLR97 美国 Ⅱ 0.4285
吉育641 JLCMS191B 美国 Ⅱ JLR158 中国黑龙江 Ⅰ 0.5000
杂交种名称
Hybrid name		 母本Female parent 父本Male parent 亲本间遗传距离
GD between parents
同型保持系
Homotypic maintainers		 来源地
Place of origin		 所在群
Group		 名称
Name		 来源地
Place of origin		 所在群
Group
吉育643 JLCMS212B 美国 Ⅱ JLR346 中国吉林 Ⅰ 0.6666
吉育645 JLCMS234B 中国黑龙江 Ⅰ JLR9 美国 Ⅱ 0.5000
吉育647 JLCMS5B 中国黑龙江 Ⅰ JLR2 美国 Ⅱ 0.4285
吉育649 JLCMS209B 美国 Ⅱ JLR158 中国黑龙江 Ⅰ 0.6428
吉育653 JLCMS242B 中国吉林 Ⅰ JLR300 中国黑龙江 Ⅰ 0.3571
吉育654 JLCMS234B 中国黑龙江 Ⅰ JLR13 美国 Ⅱ 0.2857
吉育660 JLCMS204B 美国 Ⅱ JLR419 中国吉林 Ⅰ 0.4285
吉育667 JLCMS164B 美国 Ⅰ JLR227 中国吉林 Ⅰ 0.3076
佳吉1号 JLCMS178B 中国吉林 Ⅰ JLR124 美国 Ⅱ 0.5714
吉农H1 JLCMS254B 美国 Ⅰ JLR192 中国黑龙江 Ⅰ 0.5000
吉农H2 JLCMS212B 美国 Ⅱ JLR414 中国吉林 Ⅰ 0.5714

Fig.2

Genetic distance distribution of hybrid parents based on SSR markers"

Table 3

Genetic diversity analysis of test materials by SSR markers on different groups"

来源Origin MAF Na GI PIC
总群Total group 均值 0.6871 2.2143 0.4043 0.3280
范围 （0.4419~0.9302） （2.0000~4.0000） （0.1298~0.6101） （0.1214~0.5272）
类群Ⅰ GroupⅠ 均值 0.7233 2.0714 0.3449 0.2801
范围 （0.4074~1.0000） （1.0000~4.0000） （0.0000~0.6475） （0.0000~0.5720）
类群Ⅱ GroupⅡ 均值 0.7622 1.9286 0.3243 0.2612
范围 （0.5000~1.0000） （1.0000~2.0000） （0.0000~0.5000） （0.0000~0.3750）

Fig.3

Analysis of genetic diversity between groups by SSR markers"

Fig.4

PcoA scatter plot based on SSR marker detection of genotype and clustering results"

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