Crops ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 145-150.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.05.021

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Effects of Different Mulching Modes on Soil Moisture, Temperature and Yield of Potato in Dry Land

Zhang Rong1(), Chen Xiaowen1(), Lu Ping1, You Yanrong2, Zhou Delu2, Li Deming3   

  1. 1Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Tongwei County, Dingxi 743300, Gansu, China
    2Gansu Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Lanzhou 730020, Gansu, China
    3Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dingxi 743099, Gansu, China
  • Received:2022-04-01 Revised:2022-07-12 Online:2023-10-15 Published:2023-10-16

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Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of different mulching planting modes on potato yield and soil water and temperature in northwest semi-arid area, field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different mulching planting modes [straw crushing and mulching (T1), full film ridge (T2), half film flat mulching (T3) and open field flat planting (CK)] on soil water and temperature, yield and water use efficiency in local potato fields. The results showed that compared with CK, T1, T2 and T3 treatments could significantly increase the average soil water storage from emergence to maturity of potato by 7.7%, 3.4% and 1.5%, respectively, and the increase of soil moisture in the lower layer of soil layer was the largest. Compared with CK, T1 treatment significantly reduced the soil temperature of potato in each growth period and soil layer by 1.3℃ and 1.4℃, respectively, while the soil temperature of T2 and T3 treatments in the whole growth period was significantly higher than that of CK by 1.3℃ and 1.0℃, respectively. Compared with CK, mulching significantly improved the weight of single potato and the rate of commercial potato, and the increase was the largest in T1 treatment. Mulching significantly improved potato yield and water use efficiency. The yields of T1, T2 and T3 treatments were higher than CK by 18.9%, 17.7% and 13.9%, respectively, and the water use efficiency increased by 16.3%, 15.7% and 11.9%, respectively. Considering the soil moisture and temperature use status, yield and water use efficiency of potato field, straw crushing and mulching was a high-yield and efficient planting method, which can significantly improve the potato yield and water use efficiency in dry farming area. It was suitable for potato production in dry farming area.

Key words: Straw crushing mulching, Plastic film mulching, Potato, Soil moisture and temperature, Yield

Fig.1

Schematic diagram of potato field planting"

Fig.2

Soil water storage at potato growth stage SW: sowing stage, SD: seedling stage, BD: squaring stage, FL: florescence stage, TE: tuber enlargement stage, SA: starch accumulation stage, MT: maturation stage. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference between treatments (P < 0.05). The same below"

Fig.3

Soil moisture of potato in all soil layers during the whole period"

Fig.4

Soil temperature at different growth stages of potato"

Fig.5

Soil temperature of potato in all soil layers during the whole period"

Table 1

Effects of different treatments on potato yield"

处理
Treatment		 产量
Yield (kg/hm2)		 单株结薯数
Number of potatoes per plant		 单薯鲜重
Single fresh potato weight (g)		 商品薯率
Commodity potato rate (%)		 WUE
[kg/mm·hm2]
T1 39 470.3±480.3a 5.5±0.3a 135.6±6.6a 87.3±1.8a 127.9±1.6a
T2 39 071.0±381.6a 5.8±0.4a 128.7±15.2a 75.2±2.5b 127.2±1.2a
T3 37 800.8±164.1b 5.8±0.3a 119.9±3.6a 74.1±1.9b 123.1±0.9a
CK 33 186.8±960.6c 6.2±0.5a 98.9±8.3b 69.9±2.5b 109.9±2.2b
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