Crops ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 224-230.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2023.05.032

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Effects of Stalk Picking on Economic Characteristics and Yield of Oilseed and Vegetable Rape

Zhao Weizhe1,2(), Du Chunfang2(), Sun Xuan2, Yao Lin2, Xian Shuanshi2, Zhang Gaoyang2   

  1. 1College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, Shanxi, China
    2Institute of Cotton Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Yuncheng 044000, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2022-02-24 Revised:2022-03-22 Online:2023-10-15 Published:2023-10-16

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Abstract:

In order to explore the change rule and correlation of economic characteristics and yield of rape for oilseed and vegetable after stalk picking, 16 economic characteristics of 21 rapeseed lines were compared and analyzed by grey correlation degree analysis. The results showed that the correlation degree between rapeseed yield and economic characteristics were seeds per pod > pod length > root length > PAR interception rate of pod layer > effective branch height > 1000-seed weight > 2nd effective branches per plant > pod width > pods per plant > pericarp thickness > siliques of 1st branch > 1st effective branches per plant > 2nd effective branches per plant > stem diameter > PAR interception rate of branch layer > plant height. Therefore, in the selection process of local rape varieties for oilseed and vegetable rape, it was necessary to comprehensively consider each characteristic, and the selection of varieties with more seeds per pod, longer pod, longer root and higher PAR interception rate of pod layer.

Key words: Rape, Stalk picking, Economic characteristics, Correlation degree, Yield

Table 1

Comparison of rapeseed yield of different lines with and without stalk picking"

品系
Line		 产量
Yield (kg)		 组间差异
Differences between groups		 组内差异
Differences within the group		 摘薹菜籽产量变化
Influence rate of
rapeseed yield with
stalk picking (%)
摘薹
Stalk picking		 不摘薹
No stalk picking		 摘薹
Stalk picking		 不摘薹
No stalk picking		 摘薹
Stalk picking		 不摘薹
No stalk picking
y1 2.88±0.15 4.32±1.11 b a fg cdef -33.33
y2 2.74±0.73 6.31±0.87 b a g a -56.58
y3 3.02±0.60 5.15±0.61 b a efg abcdef -41.36
y4 3.62±0.72 6.00±0.56 b a cdefg ab -39.67
y5 4.79±0.67 5.13±1.39 a a abcd abcdef -6.63
y6 4.81±0.15 4.27±0.20 a a abcd def 12.65
y7 5.29±0.37 4.85±0.32 a a ab abcdef 9.07
y8 5.13±0.47 4.37±0.53 a a abc cdef 17.39
y9 3.28±0.82 4.18±0.30 a a defg ef -21.53
y10 5.83±1.04 6.09±1.29 a a a a -4.27
y11 4.18±1.08 5.90±1.18 b a bcdefg abc -29.15
y12 4.75±0.79 3.89±0.49 a a abcd f 22.11
y13 4.42±0.52 4.76±0.42 a a abcdef abcdef -7.14
y14 3.97±0.27 5.81±1.46 b a bcdefg abcd -31.67
y15 4.98±0.59 3.99±0.68 a a abc ef 24.81
y16 5.01±0.86 4.49±0.77 a a abc bcdef 11.58
y17 3.39±0.42 5.09±1.13 b a defg abcdef -33.40
y18 3.57±0.68 5.59±0.49 b a cdefg abcde -36.14
y19 4.74±0.55 4.05±1.18 a a abcd ef 17.04
y20 5.85±0.52 4.99±0.44 a a a abcdef 17.23
y21 4.47±0.85 5.57±2.02 a a abcde abcde -19.75
平均Mean 4.32±1.07 4.99±1.08 b a － － -13.43

Fig.1

Comparison of economic benefits between oil-vegetable cultivation and single oilseed harvesting"

Table 2

Effects of stalk picking on main traits of rape yield"

品系
Line		 株高
Plant height (cm)		 单株角果数
Number of siliques per plant		 每角粒数
Number of seeds per pod		 千粒重
1000-seed weight (g)
摘薹
Stalk
picking		 不摘薹
No stalk
picking		 摘薹
Stalk
picking		 不摘薹
No stalk
picking		 摘薹
Stalk
picking		 不摘薹
No stalk
picking		 摘薹
Stalk
picking		 不摘薹
No stalk
picking
y1 146.6±9.4cde 157.0±5.6cdef 130.8±72.6b 272.8±95.0abc 27.3±3.1a 26.5±2.6abcde 4.3±0.6bcd 4.3±0.6bcde
y2 156.8±14.0abcde 153.2±8.0cdefg 205.6±74.3ab 327.8±127.6abc 28.8±3.9a 24.4±1.9cde 4.8±0.5bc 4.2±0.3bcde
y3 160.8±6.0abc 178.0±10.4a 167.3±92.3b 355.2±61.5ab 30.2±2.8a 28.4±2.3abcd 3.3±0.1ef 3.8±0.7e
y4 153.6±8.9bcde 173.8±13.2ab 228.3±170.2ab 284.0±43.1abc 31.2±1.0a 26.6±0.2abcde 4.5±0.4bcd 4.8±0.5abcde
y5 147.4±15.1bcde 130.2±11.9h 254.4±160.4ab 426.8±107.5a 22.2±1.8b 17.0±2.3g 4.8±1.0bc 5.3±0.9a
y6 151.7±6.6bcde 153.2±7.1cdefg 240.0±131.0ab 326.4±93.5abc 21.0±1.4b 20.4±3.0fg 4.8±0.7bc 4.9±0.2abcd
y7 153.7±19.5bcde 149.8±12.5defg 198.4±130.7ab 296.8±88.2abc 28.1±1.8a 27.7±0.5abcde 3.1±0.6f 4.4±0.3abcde
y8 157.3±13.0abcde 166.3±7.7abc 244.6±228.4ab 268.3±61.1bc 28.6±2.2a 29.6±2.1ab 3.9±0.7cdef 5.0±0.3abc
y9 170.9±14.2a 161.8±10.8bcde 349.8±124.9a 286.0±96.0abc 29.2±1.2a 26.0±4.6abcde 5.0±0.5ab 5.1±0.2ab
y10 161.6±8.3ab 153.8±3.8cdefg 165.3±103.9b 244.0±71.8bc 30.2±1.1a 28.2±1.2abcd 4.1±0.1bcde 4.1±0.3bcde
y11 158.2±13.9abcd 163.2±6.3bcd 230.1±141.6ab 261.2±56.3bc 27.1±0.9a 26.7±0.6abcde 4.2±0.4bcde 4.4±0.2abcde
y12 144.3±9.3de 144.2±6.9fg 277.2±215.7ab 280.8±70.6abc 28.9±1.5a 28.7±1.0abc 4.8±0.6bc 4.1±0.4bcde
y13 155.0±9.5bcde 162.4±10.6bcde 187.3±138.5b 239.6±71.6bc 29.3±4.2a 23.5±1.7ef 4.7±0.1bcd 4.0±1.1cde
y14 161.2±14.9abc 157.2±8.5cdef 173.3±129.4b 231.4±54.4bc 27.3±1.7a 25.3±1.6bcde 3.7±0.5def 4.6±0.6abcde
y15 160.5±10.1abc 140.4±7.0gh 185.8±110.8b 258.4±85.2bc 29.5±2.0a 30.4±2.0a 5.8±0.5a 4.8±0.4abcd
y16 155.8±13.2bcde 148.2±9.6efg 250.5±84.3ab 277.2±64.1abc 29.0±2.0a 29.1±2.0ab 4.3±0.3bcd 4.2±0.1bcde
y17 143.1±16.3e 154.8±10.8cdef 169.0±179.9b 191.6±88.0c 28.4±2.1a 27.9±1.8abcd 4.2±0.6bcde 4.6±0.5abcde
y18 145.5±10.7de 163.4±8.6bcd 202.1±105.8ab 253.4±65.4bc 30.1±3.6a 26.6±3.5abcde 4.0±0.6bcde 3.9±0.4de
y19 153.3±10.8bcde 157.0±12.5cdef 242.8±119.7ab 315.0±165.9abc 27.6±2.8a 24.1±2.3def 4.4±1.1bcd 4.2±0.3bcde
y20 151.9±14.8bcde 153.4±10.9cdefg 270.8±131.0ab 337.6±103.9abc 30.6±2.0a 28.6±1.9abc 4.2±0.4bcde 3.9±0.0de
y21 158.3±9.7abcd 149.3±3.3defg 162.5±121.5b 185.5±49.0c 28.4±0.8a 28.4±1.3abcd 3.9±0.3cdef 3.9±0.1de
平均Mean 154.6±13.5a 155.7±13.4a 216.0±140.0b 281.9±94.6a 28.2±3.1a 26.4±3.6b 4.3±0.8a 4.4±0.6a

Table 3

Effects of stalk picking on characteristics of rape branching"

品系
Line		 有效分枝高度
Height of effective
branch (cm)		 一次有效分枝数
1st effective branches
per plant		 一次分枝角果数
Siliques of 1st branch		 二次有效分枝数
2nd effective branches
per plant		 二次分枝角果数
Siliques of 2nd branch
摘薹
Stalk
picking		 不摘薹
No stalk
picking		 摘薹
Stalk
picking		 不摘薹
No stalk
picking		 摘薹
Stalk
picking		 不摘薹
No stalk
picking		 摘薹
Stalk
picking		 不摘薹
No stalk
picking		 摘薹
Stalk
picking		 不摘薹
No stalk
picking
y1 10.3±3.2bcd 55.8±7.0cdef 4.0±1.1abc 8.6±2.7cdef 85.1±38.8a 200.4±80.6bcdef 6.4±4.4c 1.8±1.8ab 45.7±36.7b 10.8±13.2a
y2 6.6±3.3d 62.6±21.5abcd 3.4±0.8abc 9.0±2.5bcdef 97.5±30.0a 261.0±115.5abc 8.6±2.6abc 1.2±2.7ab 108.1±63.6ab 9.0±20.1a
y3 21.2±4.2a 67.0±8.6a 2.8±1.2c 10.2±1.3abcd 95.5±49.9a 259.0±71.2abc 6.4±3.7c 2.8±3.7ab 71.8±47.9b 28.2±43.5a
y4 11.3±5.5abcd 65.0±17.4abc 4.0±1.6abc 8.4±1.8def 105.7±44.6a 197.2±40.2cdef 8.6±6.0abc 3.2±2.4ab 122.6±130.1ab 28.8±23.5a
y5 12.6±4.6abcd 25.2±7.8i 4.0±1.2abc 10.2±0.8abcd 126.0±59.4a 291.0±80.2a 8.6±4.5abc 5.8±4.4ab 128.4±109.0ab 66.0±53.2a
y6 12.2±5.5abcd 39.4±14.7h 3.8±1.1abc 8.4±2.2def 126.7±47.9a 240.8±104.6abcd 9.9±5.5abc 4.8±3.7ab 113.3±88.0ab 35.0±25.8a
y7 13.7±4.9abcd 56.6±15.4bcdef 3.9±1.4abc 9.2±2.3abcde 103.1±55.9a 240.6±80.5abcd 8.5±5.8abc 0.8±1.1ab 95.3±78.8b 4.4±6.2a
y8 15.9±3.8abcd 66.5±11.5ab 3.1±1.3bc 8.5±0.5def 108.4±79.8a 202.8±60.0bcdef 9.3±7.1abc 0.0±0.0b 136.2±154.4ab 0.0±0.0a
y9 14.8±5.2abcd 51.8±15.4efg 4.9±1.4ab 8.6±1.1cdef 143.9±44.8a 221.2±86.0abcde 13.8±5.0a 1.2±1.6ab 205.9±88.3a 4.2±7.3a
y10 16.7±2.1abcd 54.4±14.0def 3.0±1.2bc 8.8±1.9bcdef 78.0±37.4a 184.0±65.4cdef 6.9±4.4bc 0.4±0.5ab 87.3±71.7b 2.4±3.4a
y11 14.7±3.2abcd 60.6±5.9abcde 4.0±1.2abc 9.2±1.1abcde 109.7±48.5a 203.2±35.8bcdef 8.8±5.3abc 1.6±2.1ab 120.4±97.7ab 11.0±14.8a
y12 16.8±5.2abcd 43.0±7.3gh 5.2±2.3a 10.4±1.7abc 142.4±96.1a 211.0±59.1bcdef 12.4±9.3ab 2.8±3.1ab 134.8±130.0ab 12.8±14.7a
y13 17.1±8.3abc 65.6±10.4abc 3.6±1.3abc 8.0±1.2ef 94.6±49.2a 177.4±68.9def 8.6±7.0abc 1.8±2.5ab 92.7±90.8b 8.2±11.8a
y14 16.4±3.2abcd 65.6±13.6abc 3.0±1.2bc 8.0±2.2ef 92.6±56.7a 170.4±55.0def 6.1±4.5c 0.2±0.4ab 80.7±85.7b 0.6±1.3a
y15 20.4±3.3ab 56.4±11.3cdef 4.1±1.7abc 7.4±1.5ef 99.9±53.7a 178.2±48.8def 7.8±2.8bc 6.0±4.8a 85.9±61.8b 32.4±30.6a
y16 16.7±7.5abcd 42.6±12.4gh 3.4±0.8abc 11.0±1.9a 114.4±32.1a 226.8±50.0abcd 9.6±3.1abc 0.4±0.5ab 136.1±58.7ab 1.6±2.3a
y17 8.8±4.5cd 59.4±14.7abcde 3.3±1.4bc 8.6±1.1cdef 77.6±51.4a 143.8±76.5ef 6.7±5.7bc 0.4±0.5ab 91.4±133.1b 1.2±1.8a
y18 10.2±4.4bcd 59.6±10.9abcde 3.7±0.9abc 10.4±1.1abc 103.9±44.0a 204.2±62.4bcdef 9.1±4.5abc 1.0±1.2ab 98.2±64.8b 4.2±5.8a
y19 8.0±4.2cd 48.6±12.8fgh 3.7±0.8abc 10.6±3.4ab 116.4±45.4a 228.6±134.5abcd 10.3±5.1abc 4.4±4.0ab 126.4±84.9ab 23.2±28.5a
y20 15.1±3.4abcd 43.2±11.0gh 4.6±1.2abc 10.6±1.5ab 129.8±53.4a 275.8±104.0ab 11.0±4.4abc 0.2±0.4ab 141.0±87.8ab 0.8±1.8a
y21 15.6±5.5abcd 59.3±6.2abcde 3.2±0.9bc 7.3±0.8f 91.3±47.5a 138.8±44.8f 5.6±2.8c 0.0±0.0b 71.2±79.3b 0.0±0.0a
平均Mean 14.1±5.9b 54.7±15.5a 3.7±1.4b 9.1±2.0a 106.8±53.5b 212.2±79.5a 8.7±5.3a 1.9±2.9b 109.2±94.0a 13.6±24.8b

Table 4

Effects of stalk picking on plant botanical characteristics of rape"

品系
Line		 茎粗
Stem diameter (cm)		 角果长
Pod length (mm)		 根长
Root length (cm)		 角果宽
Pod width (mm)		 果皮厚
Pericarp thickness (mm)
摘薹
Stalk
picking		 不摘薹
No stalk
picking		 摘薹
Stalk
picking		 不摘薹
No stalk
picking		 摘薹
Stalk
picking		 不摘薹
No stalk
picking		 摘薹
Stalk
picking		 不摘薹
No stalk
picking		 摘薹
Stalk
picking		 不摘薹
No stalk
picking
y1 1.4±0.2abc 1.4±0.3bcdefg 72.5±1.8defg 65.1±4.1bcde 11.2±2.6c 15.0±2.7ab 5.0±0.3fg 5.4±0.6cde 0.4±0.1cdefgh 0.4±0.1defgh
y2 1.5±0.2abc 1.9±0.3a 80.4±2.7ab 69.1±5.3abc 13.3±2.1abc 15.4±1.8ab 5.6±0.2bc 5.0±0.4fgh 0.4±0.1cdefg 0.4±0.1efgh
y3 1.7±0.4a 1.5±0.4bcde 74.1±5.7def 70.0±2.0a 14.2±2.4abc 13.4±5.0ab 5.0±0.4fg 5.9±0.5b 0.4±0.1efgh 0.3±0.1gh
y4 1.6±0.3abc 1.3±0.3cdefgh 76.8±4.2bcd 65.2±4.4bcde 15.3±2.8ab 14.4±3.4ab 5.3±0.2bcdefg 4.9±0.2ghi 0.5±0.1bc 0.5±0.1abcde
y5 1.4±0.2abc 1.6±0.4abcd 62.2±1.3h 50.7±3.9g 14.4±3.2abc 14.0±3.7ab 5.4±0.3bcde 5.1±0.4efgh 0.4±0.1cdefgh 0.4±0.1defgh
y6 1.7±0.3ab 1.7±0.3abc 59.5±6.0h 64.3±5.4de 16.8±3.9a 15.0±2.6ab 6.9±0.9a 6.8±0.4a 0.6±0.1a 0.5±0.1a
y7 1.6±0.3abc 1.7±0.2ab 70.0±4.0fg 67.6±3.8abcde 14.1±2.4abc 16.8±3.0a 4.5±0.7h 5.0±0.3efgh 0.4±0.1gh 0.4±0.0abcdef
y8 1.5±0.4abc 1.4±0.3bcdefg 79.2±7.5abc 70.6±2.3a 15.6±3.5ab 15.2±3.0ab 5.0±0.2fg 5.3±0.6defg 0.4±0.1defgh 0.5±0.1abcd
y9 1.5±0.2abc 1.6±0.3abc 72.0±4.9efg 69.2±2.5abc 16.1±3.5ab 13.4±3.8ab 5.6±0.6b 5.7±0.4bc 0.4±0.1fgh 0.5±0.1ab
y10 1.4±0.3bc 1.4±0.3bcdef 75.7±4.2cde 69.2±2.4abc 16.4±3.2ab 17.2±1.3a 5.5±0.3bc 5.0±0.7fgh 0.5±0.1cdef 0.5±0.1abc
y11 1.5±0.2abc 1.4±0.3bcdef 81.5±2.9a 69.1±8.6abc 13.3±4.0abc 16.2±3.1a 5.3±0.2bcdef 4.8±0.4hi 0.5±0.0cdefg 0.4±0.1cdefg
y12 1.3±0.2c 1.5±0.3bcde 72.0±3.1efg 65.0±3.5bcde 13.8±1.8abc 11.8±2.0b 5.7±0.4b 5.1±0.3efgh 0.5±0.1cdefg 0.4±0.1fgh
y13 1.3±0.2c 1.1±0.3fghij 74.1±4.4def 63.6±4.0e 12.6±3.3bc 16.6±4.2a 4.9±0.3g 4.8±0.3hi 0.4±0.1fgh 0.4±0.1fgh
y14 1.4±0.4abc 1.6±0.3abcd 73.6±3.6defg 64.9±6.4cde 10.6±2.4c 14.4±2.4ab 5.1±0.4defg 5.0±0.2fgh 0.5±0.1bcde 0.5±0.1abcde
y15 1.3±0.2c 0.9±0.2j 75.9±2.7cde 70.2±4.5a 13.0±2.7abc 14.6±2.4ab 5.5±0.3bc 5.9±0.3b 0.6±0.1ab 0.4±0.1bcdefg
y16 1.4±0.2abc 1.0±0.1hij 76.5±3.2bcde 69.6±4.2ab 13.4±2.6abc 14.4±3.4ab 5.5±0.1bc 5.3±0.2def 0.4±0.0cdefg 0.5±0.1abcde
y17 1.5±0.3abc 1.1±0.5ghij 74.6±3.0de 68.7±3.9abcd 13.9±3.2abc 16.0±3.1a 5.2±0.5cdefg 5.2±0.4efgh 0.4±0.1h 0.3±0.0gh
y18 1.4±0.2abc 1.0±0.2ij 79.9±3.0abc 67.8±6.0abcde 16.3±3.5ab 15.8±3.7a 5.4±0.4bcdef 4.5±0.2i 0.5±0.1bcd 0.3±0.1hi
y19 1.5±0.2abc 1.3±0.4efghi 74.6±4.7de 70.8±3.0a 14.1±3.9abc 17.4±2.6a 5.0±0.4efg 4.9±0.3fgh 0.4±0.1gh 0.3±0.0i
y20 1.5±0.3abc 1.1±0.2fghij 80.7±6.0ab 66.7±4.0abcde 13.7±2.9abc 15.4±4.5ab 5.2±0.3bcdefg 4.9±0.4ghi 0.5±0.1bcd 0.5±0.1a
y21 1.6±0.3abc 1.3±0.2defghi 69.4±2.8g 56.1±4.9f 15.2±2.9ab 14.6±3.3ab 5.4±0.4bcd 5.6±0.4bcd 0.4±0.1cdefgh 0.4±0.1abcdef
平均Mean 1.5±0.3a 1.4±0.4b 74.0±6.8a 66.3±6.5b 14.2±3.3b 15.1±3.2a 5.3±0.6a 5.2±0.6b 0.5±0.1a 0.4±0.1b

Table 5

Effects of stalk picking on light interception rate of rape"

品系
Line		 角果层截获率
Interception rate
of pod layer		 分枝层截获率
Interception rate
of branch layer
摘薹
Stalk
picking		 不摘薹
No stalk
picking		 摘薹
Stalk
picking		 不摘薹
No stalk
picking
y1 96.6±0.1a 93.3±0.6b 29.7±3.0de 23.7±4.7g
y2 91.0±0.5hi 90.3±0.6e 49.4±3.9c 41.7±8.0ef
y3 92.0±0.1fg 90.3±0.6e 25.4±3.4e 59.7±0.6bc
y4 96.6±0.1a 91.3±0.6d 7.7±2.2f 22.0±10.4g
y5 92.8±0.6def 84.7±0.6g 34.1±1.6de 59.3±3.1bc
y6 93.8±0.2bc 82.7±0.6h 8.5±8.7f 28.3±2.9g
y7 90.7±0.8ij 92.0±0.0cd 63.5±3.2b 42.7±0.6ef
y8 93.1±0.2cde 91.0±0.0de 76.1±1.1a 60.7±2.3b
y9 83.1±0.6n 83.7±1.2g 13.9±6.5f 22.0±3.0g
y10 91.8±0.2gh 86.7±0.6f 52.4±1.0c 50.0±2.0cde
y11 90.0±0.1j 81.7±0.6i 62.2±1.8b 70.3±0.6a
y12 94.2±0.6b 81.0±0.0i 36.0±26.8d 29.0±2.0g
y13 84.1±0.4m 92.3±0.6c 25.3±0.5e 8.0±2.6h
y14 92.3±0.2efg 72.0±1.7l 52.0±0.9c 52.7±2.3bcd
y15 94.3±0.1b 74.0±1.0k 11.9±4.8f 38.7±5.1f
y16 93.2±0.1cd 86.3±0.6f 52.0±2.7c 62.7±0.6ab
y17 89.9±0.2j 86.0±0.0f 8.2±3.5f 26.7±0.6g
y18 90.0±0.2j 95.0±0.0a 55.8±0.5bc 58.7±1.2bc
y19 84.7±0.4m 80.7±0.6i 24.7±4.2e 42.0±2.0ef
y20 86.7±0.1l 82.7±0.6h 51.4±2.2c 56.7±2.1bc
y21 89.1±0.3k 79.3±0.6j 29.3±4.4de 44.3±2.1def
平均Mean 91.0±3.7a 85.6±6.2b 36.6±21.0b 42.8±17.0a

Table 6

Correlation and comprehensive ranking of each economic traits of yield after stalk picking"

综合排序
Comprehensive
ranking		 不摘薹No Stalk picking 摘薹Stalk picking
经济性状
Economic trait		 关联度
Relevancy		 经济性状
Economic trait		 关联度
Relevancy
1 角果长 0.745 每角粒数 0.876
2 有效分枝高度 0.713 角果长 0.860
3 每角粒数 0.647 根长 0.818
4 根长 0.595 角果层PAR截获率 0.800
5 果皮厚 0.588 有效分枝高度 0.767
6 角果层PAR截获率 0.579 千粒重 0.764
7 分枝层PAR截获率 0.555 二次分枝角果数 0.731
8 株高 0.533 角果宽 0.708
9 一次有效分枝数 0.500 单株角果数 0.695
10 一次分枝角果数 0.473 果皮厚 0.677
11 茎粗 0.463 一次分枝角果数 0.670
12 千粒重 0.440 一次有效分枝数 0.657
13 单株角果数 0.401 二次有效分枝数 0.642
14 角果宽 0.353 茎粗 0.632
15 二次有效分枝数 0.351 分枝层PAR截获率 0.600
16 二次分枝角果数 0.273 株高 0.404
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