Crops ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 40-47.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.05.006

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Analysis and Evaluation of Nutrient Composition of Special Rice Germplasm Resources Based on the Principal Component Analysis

Zhang Lili(), Li Zhenyu, Chen Guanghong, Wang Shaolin, Xia Ming, Zheng Yingjie, Wang Ying, Wang Tong, Mao Ting, Yu Yahui()   

  1. Liaoning Province Saline and Alkaline Land Utilization and Research Institute, Panjin 124010, Liaoning, China
  • Received:2023-09-14 Revised:2023-11-22 Online:2024-10-15 Published:2024-10-16

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Abstract:

The nutrient composition of 37 special rice germplasms were determined, and the differences in nutrient content of different types of special rice were compared and analyzed, and the principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation were carried out in order to provide a basis for the creation of new special rice materials in Liaoning rice area. The results showed the content of eight essential amino acids in most of the special rice were significantly higher than that of the control, and the contents of mineral elements in black-flavor glutinous rice and black-flavor rice were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those in the control. The contents of active substances in different types of special rice were generally higher than those in the control white rice, and the contents of active substances in black-flavor glutinous rice and black-flavor rice were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those in the control. It was also found that two or more polymerization types of special rice had a certain increase effect on amino acid content, mineral element content, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, anthocyanin and flavonoid contents. The comprehensive evaluation function of nutritional quality traits of special rice was established based on the principal component coefficients of 17 indexes, and the comprehensive evaluation was carried out. There were 23 special rice materials with scores above zero, accounting for 62.2% of the total test materials. Among them, three special rice materials (Heixiangnuo-2, Heixiangdao 1 and Heixiangdao 2) had scores greater than 1. These can be used as a source of special trait genetic sources for the material basis for the research and innovation of special rice types of rice species of the Liaoning coastal rice area.

Key words: Principal component analysis, Special rice, Germplasm resources, Nutrient composition, Analysis and evaluation

Table 1

Names of special rice resources and control cultivars"

序号
Number		 名称
Name		 序号
Number		 名称
Name		 序号
Number		 名称
Name		 序号
Number		 名称
Name		 序号
Number		 名称
Name
1 锦稻香 9 许蕾香 17 渤育稻 25 黑稻2号 33 锦香糯2号
2 辽粳香1号 10 辽香粳18 18 盐粳糯30 26 常规黑稻 34 黑香糯-1
3 香粳1 11 香优99 19 丹糯3号 27 黑稻 35 黑香糯-2
4 锦稻香103 12 勇稻香 20 DG1 28 张黑稻 36 黑香稻1号
5 盐粳219 13 锦稻318 21 DG2 29 黑米-3 37 黑香稻2号
6 盐粳488 14 13P141 22 红米-1 30 黑1 38 盐粳927（CK）
7 盐粳252 15 16LP44 23 红米-2 31 黑米-4 39 盐粳1403（CK）
8 盐粳939 16 高优25 24 黑稻-1 32 锦糯香3号

Table 2

Comparison of amino acid content in different types of special rice germplasms"

种质类型
Endoplasm type		 色氨酸
Trp (mg/g)		 苏氨酸
Thr (mg/g)		 缬氨酸
Val (mg/g)		 异亮氨酸
Ile (mg/g)		 苯丙氨酸
Phe (mg/g)		 亮氨酸
Leu (mg/g)		 赖氨酸
Lys (mg/g)		 甲硫氨酸
Met (μg/g)
香米Fragrant rice 7.65* 175.35** 24.32* 10.22* 24.47* 8.73* 205.96* 0.52*
白糯米White glutinous rice 6.48* 179.46** 27.53** 11.19* 24.23* 9.62** 213.13** 0.45
低谷蛋白米Low glutelin rice 8.45** 183.90** 20.46 9.32 20.54 8.59* 167.96 0.52*
红米Red rice 7.96** 141.83 19.08 12.70** 20.92* 9.53** 190.63* 0.67**
黑米Black rice 6.78* 161.84* 25.15* 9.52 22.14* 8.64* 208.69* 0.45
香糯米Fragrant glutinous rice 6.04 160.04 25.82** 11.20* 25.67** 8.77* 227.07** 0.49*
黑香糯米Black fragrant glutinous rice 8.81** 142.83 21.29* 7.65 28.91** 8.84* 188.42* 0.46
黑香米Black fragrant rice 6.94* 205.30** 22.12* 12.80** 24.98* 10.79** 184.19* 0.60**
白米（对照）White rice (CK) 5.15 129.40 18.42 8.44 16.81 6.86 162.14 0.35

Table 3

Comparison of mineral element contents in different types of special rice germplasms"

种质类型Endoplasm type 钙Ca (μg/g) 镁Mg (μg/g) 铁Fe (μg/g) 锌Zn (μg/g) 硒Se (ng/g)
香米Fragrant rice 751.30 197.34 7.25 14.31 3.52
白糯米White glutinous rice 702.21 192.98 7.85 14.10 3.66
低谷蛋白米Low glutelin rice 751.85 181.59 7.50 17.30* 4.03*
红米Red rice 784.83* 200.53 7.33 9.74 4.09**
黑米Black rice 774.60* 197.53 8.34* 14.56 3.77*
香糯米Fragrant glutinous rice 738.61 199.89 7.67 15.81* 4.67**
黑香糯米Black fragrant glutinous rice 791.93* 211.33* 8.40* 15.25* 4.39**
黑香米Black fragrant rice 770.09* 224.58* 8.52* 18.01** 3.70*
白米（对照）White rice (CK) 717.48 187.64 7.50 12.37 3.24

Table 4

Comparison of active substance contents in different types of special rice germplasms"

种质类型Endoplasm type VB1 (μg/g) VB2 (μg/g) 花色苷Anthocyanin (ng/g) 黄酮Flavone (μg/g)
香米Fragrant rice 3.31* 1.48* 122.68 16.91
白糯米White glutinous rice 3.23* 1.50* 121.51 18.94*
低谷蛋白米Low glutelin rice 2.78* 1.07 120.54 18.74*
红米Red rice 2.46 1.13 126.26 14.74
黑米Black rice 3.24* 1.46* 132.27** 17.48
香糯米Fragrant glutinous rice 3.27* 1.29 135.32** 19.20**
黑香糯米Black fragrant glutinous rice 3.25* 1.49* 154.59** 19.34**
黑香米Black fragrant rice 3.02* 1.41* 137.78** 19.08*
白米（对照）White rice (CK) 2.38 1.16 119.82 16.00

Table 5

Principal component analysis of nutrient quality traits of different special rice germplasms"

分量来源
Component
source		 第1主成分
The first principal
component (α1)		 第2主成分
The second principal
component (α2)		 第3主成分
The third principal
component (α3)		 第4主成分
The forth principal
component (α4)		 第5主成分
The fifth principal
component (α5)		 第6主成分
The sixth principal
component (α6)
色氨酸Trp 0.262 0.452 0.006 0.149 0.248 -0.051
苏氨酸Thr 0.300 0.049 -0.670 0.167 0.155 0.389
缬氨酸Val 0.556 -0.359 -0.222 0.055 -0.278 -0.099
异亮氨酸Ile 0.004 -0.194 0.010 0.781 0.081 0.080
苯丙氨酸Phe 0.617 0.203 -0.312 -0.216 0.346 -0.334
亮氨酸Leu 0.407 -0.352 0.349 0.443 0.063 0.099
赖氨酸Lys 0.526 -0.219 -0.031 0.299 -0.130 -0.241
甲硫氨酸Met 0.012 0.484 -0.055 0.545 0.365 0.202
Ca 0.122 0.783 0.243 0.066 -0.248 0.053
Mg 0.375 0.606 0.105 0.017 -0.391 0.156
Fe 0.018 -0.351 0.720 0.075 -0.168 0.301
Zn 0.297 -0.382 -0.214 -0.354 0.297 0.563
Se 0.471 -0.055 0.396 -0.122 0.464 -0.279
VB1 0.520 0.096 -0.151 -0.126 -0.287 0.370
VB2 0.755 -0.094 -0.044 -0.053 -0.379 -0.147
花色苷Anthocyanin 0.369 0.202 0.587 -0.341 0.278 0.252
黄酮Flavone 0.528 -0.066 0.152 0.084 0.141 -0.074
特征值Eigenvalue (λ) 3.010 2.140 1.900 1.580 1.310 1.130
贡献率Contribution rate (%) 17.700 12.600 11.200 9.300 7.700 6.700
累计贡献率
Cumulative contribution rate (%)		 17.700
 30.300
 41.500
 50.800
 58.500
 65.200

Table 6

Comprehensive evaluation of main components of nutrient quality traits in different types of special rice germplasms"

序号Number 名称Name F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F 综合排名Comprehensive ranking
1 黑香稻2号 1.307 0.617 0.788 0.963 0.911 1.876 1.075 1
2 黑香糯-2 2.291 1.466 2.673 -1.841 1.031 0.471 1.026 2
3 黑香稻1号 0.817 -0.024 0.372 1.300 1.130 2.539 1.017 3
4 红米-2 -1.567 1.465 1.177 2.517 1.324 -0.549 0.723 4
5 黑香糯-1 1.062 1.504 2.292 -2.225 1.340 -0.545 0.581 5
6 张黑稻 0.188 1.277 0.658 0.925 -0.750 0.454 0.461 6
7 黑稻2号 1.240 -0.881 1.146 -0.359 0.131 0.999 0.381 7
8 黑米-4 2.694 -0.046 1.928 0.454 -2.762 -0.066 0.379 8
9 辽香粳18 2.880 -0.606 -1.102 -0.290 1.207 -0.173 0.323 9
10 锦稻香103 -0.065 2.221 -1.288 1.739 -0.318 -0.426 0.311 10
11 许雷香 -0.757 -0.070 -0.838 1.986 -0.281 1.848 0.306 11
12 锦稻318 3.317 -1.177 -1.395 1.073 0.694 -0.729 0.300 12
13 锦糯香3号 1.054 -1.753 1.720 -0.026 0.562 0.222 0.297 13
14 红米-1 -2.755 2.009 1.014 1.587 1.035 -1.189 0.279 14
15 锦香糯2号 1.048 0.753 -0.292 -0.497 1.394 -1.007 0.237 15
16 DG2 -1.490 -0.155 -0.985 0.493 2.740 0.524 0.177 16
17 盐粳488 -0.351 3.498 -0.767 -1.334 -0.563 0.233 0.126 17
18 香优99 0.782 0.468 0.961 0.599 -1.426 -0.793 0.105 18
19 DG1 -1.245 0.804 0.303 -0.857 0.779 0.755 0.088 19
20 丹糯3号 1.762 -0.177 -0.051 0.310 -0.424 -1.020 0.072 20
21 盐粳糯30 -0.808 -0.139 1.405 2.250 -2.230 -0.195 0.047 21
22 盐粳939 0.616 -0.046 -1.653 0.975 1.567 -1.207 0.040 22
23 盐粳252 1.290 0.612 -0.470 0.190 -0.384 -1.153 0.020 23
24 黑1 0.743 0.288 0.930 0.376 -0.805 -1.899 -0.054 24
25 香粳1 0.068 1.552 -2.336 -0.747 -1.200 2.103 -0.093 25
26 黑稻 -1.155 0.583 -0.267 -0.401 -0.324 0.421 -0.192 26
27 黑米-3 0.760 -0.022 -0.044 -1.652 -1.254 0.868 -0.219 27
28 黑稻-1 -1.672 -1.744 1.575 -1.534 0.014 1.801 -0.265 28
29 高优25 0.133 -2.845 1.303 0.634 -0.913 0.034 -0.278 29
30 勇稻香 -0.533 1.889 -1.609 0.118 -1.595 -0.345 -0.343 30
31 锦稻香 -2.809 -0.559 0.254 0.378 1.055 -0.425 -0.359 31
32 13P141 -0.045 -3.375 0.611 0.449 0.387 -0.626 -0.438 32
33 盐粳219 1.812 -0.924 -1.374 -1.970 -0.245 -0.954 -0.603 33
34 常规黑稻 -1.150 -0.450 -0.050 -2.156 0.893 -0.766 -0.613 34
35 16LP44 -0.731 -0.523 -2.683 -0.857 -0.730 1.454 -0.683 35
36 渤育稻 1.021 -1.127 -3.379 -0.499 0.020 -0.946 -0.819 36
37 辽粳香1号 -1.804 -3.378 -1.075 0.930 -0.302 0.165 -0.922 37
38 盐粳927 (CK) -4.023 -0.555 0.276 -1.296 -0.723 -0.801 -1.192 38
39 盐粳1403 (CK) -3.926 -0.430 0.273 -1.706 -0.985 -0.949 -1.290 39
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